4. HIGH ALTITUDE O2 - 21 % 8850 m/ 29000 ft pA = 0.3 5500 m/ 18000 ft 0 m pA = 0.5 pA = 0.75 2700 m/ 9000 ft pA = 1 atm
5.
6.
7. GUIDING PRINCIPLES Ascend gradually < 2000 ft in a day Work high, sleep low Take proper meals and plenty of fluids Take adequate sleep, do some exercise Abstain from tobacco and alcohol etc. Avoid physical exertion and cold exposure Avoid sleeping pills, tranquilizers etc. Don’t get overconfident, follow schedule Immediately report health problems If you feel unwell, it is high altitude illness unless proven otherwise
8. ACCLIMATISATION SCHEDULE STAGE 1 (9000 ft – 12000 ft ) 6 DAYS Day 1&2 - rest, short walk, no climb Day 3&4 - 1.5-3 km walk without load No steep climb Day 5&6 - 5 km walk with load/ 300 m climb with load
9. ACCLIMATISATION SCHEDULE STAGE 2 (12000 ft – 15000ft ) 4 DAYS STAGE 3 (15000 ft – 18000ft ) 4 DAYS Day 1&2 - 1.5 km walk without load no steep climb. Day 3 - 3 km walk without load 300 m climb without load Day 4 - 3 km walk with load/ 300 m climb with load
10.
11. RE ENTRY < 10 Days - no re acclimatization 10-28 days - 4-4-4 > 28 Days - complete acclimatization
12. WHAT HAPPENS BEYOND 5500M/18000FT? No acclimatization is possible DETERIORATING ZONE 6000-8000 M DEATH/LETHAL ZONE >8000 M
13. HIGH ALTITUDE ILLNESSES 1. ACUTE MOUNTAIN SICKNESS (AMS) 2. HIGH ALTITUDE PULMONARY OEDEMA (HAPO) 3. HIGH ALTITUDE CEREBRAL OEDEMA (HACO)
71. GUIDING PRINCIPLES Monitor environment and assess risk Drink plenty of fluids 3. Wear multilayered clothing 4. Protect from wind 5. Exercise regularly 6. Abstain from tobacco and alcohol etc. 7. Avoid physical exertion and cold exposure 8. Keep hands and feet clean 9. Expose to 00 – 50 C X 3-4 hrs for 3 weeks
107. GUIDING PRINCIPLES Monitor environment and assess risk Drink lot of fluids frequently 3. Wear light weight clothing and proper gear 4. Take rest in shade 5. Acclimatize properly 6. Abstain from tobacco and alcohol etc. 7. Avoid physical exertion and heat exposure
109. HEAT EXHAUSTION SIGNS Pale skin, sweating, Rapid pulse, weakness, Headache, dizziness, nausea, Cramps in abdomen and limbs FIRST AID Have victim lie down, elevate feet Move victim to shade or cool place Give victim diluted salt water Evacuate to a medical facility
110. HEAT STROKE SIGNS Flushed hot and dry skin, No sweating rapid, weak pulse, Confusion, unconscious, seizures FIRST AID Have victim lie down, elevate feet Move victim to shade or cool place Get medical help, patient can die Spray water or Cold sponging Give liquids, but no alcohol
