It's a late upload. I had a chance to share my thought on how IoT can help agriculture, esp precision agriculture. I used this slide for the talk in a Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture's event.

1. Internet
of
Things
for Agriculture in a
Nutshell:
Technical Perspective
INDONESIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
KOORDINASI TIK - SURABAYA, OCT 5, 2017

2. fb.com/andri.yadi | a at dycode dot com
http://andriyadi.me | http://dycodex.com
Andri Yadi
github.com/andriyadi

3. x@dycode.com | http://dycodex.com
IoT & maker movement enabler
CEO
by DyCode

4. initiator ambassador

5. I won’t talk about how to be entrepreneur
Disclaimer
I’m NOT a farmer

6. What do you see here?

7. Just a field of sheep?

8. Or multi-billion dollar industry?

9. 10 Billion
in 2050
How do you feed them?

10. Precision Agriculture
Precision Ag. / Precision Farming
Data-driven form of farming that uses
analytics to inform decisions and
optimize yields - to grow crops or
raise livestocks.
Key techs:
• Variable rate technology (VRT)
• GPS soil sampling
• Remote sensing
• GPS-guided autonomous vehicles
(drones, robots)

11. $5.9BN 12% 18%
Global market
value in 2021
Global market
CAGR until 2021
Annual increase in
profit when using
Precision Ag.
Market Key Numbers

13. Opportunity is huge!

14. Internet
of
Things
How can it help?

15. What is IoT?But first…

16. “Network of physical objects with embedded
electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network
connectivity which enable them to collect and exchange
data, to create intelligent applications and services„
Internet of Things

17. Things Connectivity People & Processes
Data Data
Internet of Things
(Sensors, actuators, MCU/MPU,
network, energy, firmware)
(PAN, LPWAN, Cellular) (IoT Cloud, Machine Learning, AI)

18. Common IoT Architecture
Radio
Gateway
Processing
Internet
Connectivity
Cloud-sideEdge-side
Ingestion
& StorageThings Visualization
User-side
Apps

19. Sensors MCU/MPU Energy Source
Actuators Network
Interface
Firmware
Things

20. CropX
Soil Sensor

21. Key techs:
• Looks good
• Solar-powered
• WiFi connectivity
• Sensors: light, moisture,
nutrition, and temperature
Edyn Garden Sensor

23. Maker’s products for Smart Farming
BuzzBox Tertill

24. Temperature, Humidity, Atmospheric Pressure
Luminosity (light)
Leaf wetness
Soil Temperature
Trunk, Stem, Fruit Diameter Dendrometer
Solar & Ultraviolet Radiation
Wind speed & direction
Rain gauge
GPS
Sensors

25. Fruit Diameter Dendrometer
Sensors & Smart Irrigation

26. ESP8266Arduino ESP32
EspruinoParticle.io
Photon, Electron
Bluino
MXChip IoT
DevKit
Raspberry Pi
and many
many more…
MCU/MPU & Dev Boards

27. DycodeX’s “Things” Creation
LoRa HAT LoRa Shield ESPectro DevBoard
LoRa backpack Motor backpack
A/C control
backpack
ESP32 breakout Alora Sensor Kit
ESPectro Base
Rainbowrd
DevBoard
Magic Button LoRa gateway HAT LoRa gateway Tracker (Cellular) Tracker (LoRa)

28. 3.5mm Audio
Connector
Rain Gauge
Connector
Wind Speed
& Direction
Connector
Magnetic
Sensor
I2C Grove
Battery
Connector
Buzzer
Reset Button
GPS Antenna
IMU Sensor
LED
GPS Timemark
Neopixel
LED
I2S Codec
IO Expander
IO Expander
LED
Air Quality
Sensor
Raspberry Pi
Pin
I2S MicLight Sensor
Temperature
& Humidity
Sensor
ArduinoPinGPIOExpader(SX1509)Pin
SCL_5V
SDA_5V
NC
GND
SCLK_5V
MISO_5V
MOSI_5V
CS_5V
NC
TM_GPS
D7
D6
D5
D4
MAGNETIC
SX1509_INT
TX_5V
RX_5V
BUZZER(viaSJ3)
C
C
D
C
L
R
D
C
V
D
N
3
C
C
NC
NC
RST
3V3
5V
GND
GND
VIND7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
AREF
GND
SCL
SDA
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
IOX0
IOX1
IOX2
IOX3
IOX4
IOX5
IOX6
IOX7
IOX8
IOX9
IOX10
IOX11
IOX12
IOX13
IOX14
IOX15
CCS811_WAKEUP
RTC_INT
RAINSENSOR
TSL25911_INT
ENVIROSENSE_EN
GESTURE_EN
CCS811_EN
IMU_EN
MAGNETIC_INT
IMU_INT
GESTURE_INT
CCS811_INT
GPS_EN
MIC_EN
VEML6070_INT
P8_GROVE
P8_GROVE
AUDIO_EN(viaSJ21)
LED
Back
Digital Grove
Connector
3.5mm Audio
Connector
Analog Grove
Connector
I2C Grove
Connector
Real Time Clock
Arduino Pin
Arduino Pin
GPS
Battery
Connector
Neopixel
LED
IO Expander
Sensor
I2S MicLight Sensor
Temperature
& Humidity
Sensor
Alora Board: Sensors & Actuators
by DycodeX

29. ESPectro32
by DycodeX

30. Front
Header2x20ESP32breakoutPins
5V
GND
IO2
IO0
IO5
IO12
3V3
IO22
IO21
GND
IO19
IO18
IO23
IO34
3V3
IO17
IO13
IO16
IO4
CHIP-EN
SCL SDA VP 3V3 GND
7x7 Dot LED Matrix
Modulated by Charlieplexing
Using IS31FL3731
Built-in RGB Neopixel connected to IO27
LED Built-in connected to IO15
Reset Button
LED Power
Muted silicone button connected to IO0
and also provide capacitive touch area
above the button using IO13
I2C Breakout pin with 2.54mm pitch
Micro SD Card Slot SPI communication
Photo Transistor using KDT00030TR
ESP32 Breakout pin slot
ES
I2S Breakout Connector
Muted silicone button connected to IO4
and also provide capacitive touch area
above the button using IO2
Micro USB Connector for
A
B
I
I
I
G
I
I
I
I
I
I
G
IO14
I
I
CHIP
I
I
G
TOUCH7
TOUCH1
TOUCH6
TOUCH5
TOUCH3
I2C SCL
I2C SDA
ADC1 CH7
U2RXD
U2TXD
SPI MOSI
SPI MISO
SPI SCLK
DAC1
5V
GND
IO2
IO0
IO5
IO12
3V3
IO22
IO21
GND
IO19
IO18
IO23
IO34
3V3
IO17
IO13
IO16
IO4
CHIP-EN
SCL SDA VP 3V3 GND
LED Built-in connected to IO15
Reset Button
LED Power
Muted silicone button connected to IO0
and also provide capacitive touch area
above the button using IO13
I2C Breakout pin with 2.54mm pitch
Micro SD Card Slot SPI communication
Photo Transistor using KDT00030TR
ESP32 Breakout pin slot
I2S Breakout Connector
Muted silicone button connected to IO4
and also provide capacitive touch area
above the button using IO2
Micro USB Connector for
A
B
ESPectro32: Front
by DycodeX

31. Back
5V
GN
IO
IO
IO
IO1
3V
IO2
IO2
GN
IO1
IO1
IO2
IO3
3V
IO1
IO1
IO1
IO
CHIP-
SCL SDA VP 3V3 GND
GND
5V
GND
IO1
IO3
3V3
IO15
IO14
D+
D-
IO25
IO26
IO33
IO32
IO35
IO27
3V3
IO36
IO39
VBATT
GND 3V3 VP SDA SCL
Microcontroller based on ESP32
MCU, WiFi, and Bluetooth Module
ESP32 UART Breakout Pin
I2C Grove
GPIO’s Grove
Battery Connector
DC 6V Max
Charlieplexing Module
ChannelB Breakout Pin
5V
GND
IO2
IO0
IO5
IO12
3V3
IO22
IO21
GND
IO19
IO18
IO23
IO34
3V3
IO17
IO13
IO16
IO4
CHIP-EN
SCL SDA VP 3V3 GND
ESPectro32: Back
by DycodeX

32. Things
Analog
1-Wire
2-Wire (I2C)
SPI
Sensor/Actuator MCU
Let’s Have A Demo

33. Reading data from Alora sensors
Demo Architecture
2-Wire (I2C)

34. Energy Source
Mains (AC) Batteries Super/Ultra Capacitors

35. Energy Harvesting
Solar Heat Vibration RF

36. Energy Harvesting - RF
P2110B Powerharvester® Receiver
Low RF input for longer range operation
RF harvesting range down to -11dBm input
power
Frequency range from 850-950MHz
Configurable regulated output voltage up
to 5.5V
Up to 50mA output current

37. Connectivity

38. Communication Technologies - Overview
Mbps
Kbps
bps
10 m 100 m 1 km 10 km
Baud rate
Range
Wi-Fi / BT
Short Range LPWAN
ST Confidential
Cellular
-M
-NB-IOT
5G
850/1900 MHz
900/1800 MHz
Sub-GHz
2.4 GHz
WIFI/BT
Short Range LPWAN
Cellular
IoT Connectivity: Range vs Speed

39. Cellular
Range
Battery Life
LONG
SHORT LONG
Local network
(WiFi, ZigBee, Z-Wave)
Personal network
(Bluetooth)
Low-Power Wide-Area Network
(LPWAN: Sigfox, LoRa, Dash7)
Source: Alexander Vanwynsberghe, Blog article 'Long-range radios will change how the Internet of Things communicates'
IoT Connectivity: Range vs Power

40. LPWA
Designed specifically to support IoT

41. What is LPWA
Low Power, Wide Area Networks
Low data throughput = High
sensitivity = Long range
Relatively low cost
Multiple Access = One-to-Many
Architecture
Using licensed or unlicensed
spectrum

42. License-free/Unlicensed Spectrum
EC-
-m
Licensed Spectrum
LPWA: Technologies

43. Node
Node Node
Radio
Gateway
Common Architecture

44. LoRa
LoRaWAN
Gateway Network
Server
Your
Application
Servers
Internet
(IP/UDP)Node
LoRa/LoRaWAN Architecture
MQTT
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21,
“lat”: -6.121,
…
}
Edge-side Cloud-side
Node

45. BASE
Online
Dashboard
Cellular
Tower
SMS Alerts Robo-Call
How it works..
Solar powered
base with 4 km
range
Waterproof,
rugged smart
collar
Use Case
Real-time Tracking
Health Monitoring
Yield Improvement

46. GPS
Module
Backup/RTC
Battery
GPS
Antenna
LoRa
Antenna
Use Case: Trackattle
Early Prototype

47. MCU: Atmel
SAMD21
IMU* & Temperature
Sensor
LoRa
Module
Battery
Gauge
Battery
Charger
Battery
Connector
*IMU = Inertial Measurement Unit: accelerometer,
gyroscope
Board: Trackattle

48. Dashboard

49. Based on Tracker
by DycodeXGet One at: https://shop.makestro.com/product/tracker/

50. 3 - 5km LoRaWAN
Gateway
Network
Server
Application
Server
Cellular
(3G/4G)Tracker
Node
Trackattle Architecture
Makestro
Cloud
Edge-side Cloud-side

51. Processes

52. Ingestion Analytics +
Machine
Learning
Storage
Dashboard
Device
Management
API
Message
Broker
Apps
3rd party
systems
on Cloud-side
Processes
Stream
Analysis

53. Azure
IoT Hub
and a whole lot more…
IoT Cloud Platform

54. Local IoT Cloud Platform
Makestro Cloud
by DycodeX
by Telkom
Yours? :)

55. LoRa/LoRaWAN + Azure Demo
LoRa
LoRaWAN
Gateway
(Your) Bridge
Cellular
Cloud-side
Sensor
Node
Azure IoT Hub
Edge-side
Network Server
MQTT AMQP
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}
MQTT
Ingestion & Storage

56. LoRa/LoRaWAN + Azure Demo
(Your) Bridge
Cloud-side
Azure
IoT Hub
Network
Server
MQTT AMQP
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}
MQTT
Ingestion & Storage
MQTT
?

57. Processing
Cloud-side
Ingestion
& Storage
Visualization
Demo Architecture: Weather Forecast

58. Azure Stream
Analytics
Cloud-side
Azure IoT Hub
Azure
Machine
Learning
Demo Architecture
with Azure
Power BI

59. DEMO
Azure IoT Hub,
Stream Analytics,
Machine Learning,
PowerBI
https://github.com/dycodex/ESPectro32-Azure-Alora

60. Combines a
comprehensive array of
agriculture data from
hardware and information
providers into a single
management and
decision-making
OnFarm

63. DEMO
A Simple
Smart Irrigation
https://github.com/Hisyamkamil/PlantWateringSystem-UsingFuzzy

65. Implement Fuzzy Logic to determine
how long to water the plant
• Fuzzification
- Input: Temperature
- Input: Humidity
- Output: Watering Duration
• Fuzzy Rule
• Defuzzification
Fuzzy Logic

66. INPUT TEMPERATURE
0
0
1
1
1
0 25 30 35 40
Cold Normal Hot

67. INPUT HUMIDITY
0
0
1
1
1
0 237 380 570 712 950
Dry Humit Wet

68. OUTPUT WATERING DURATION
0
0
1
1
1
0 3 5 7 10
Short Medium Long

69. Cold Normal Hot
Wet Fast Fast Medium
Humid Fast Medium Medium
Dry Medium Long Long
Fuzzy Rules

70. Internet
of
Things
So, how to start?

71. Make your own!
BY SolvING your own problem
Start with…

72. Be a maker!

73. Developer Skillset
Edge-side Cloud-side Mobile side
[Obj-C]

74. *Disclaimer: I have no data of all players in Indonesia yet. Sorry
if you’re not listed. And I’m talking about electronics maker-
related players
Indonesia
Indonesia
Join Communities
Indonesia

75. An Indonesia Platform for Maker:
to “democratize” knowledge, hardware
kit, and software to help makers to start
making in hardware. To drive into
Internet of Things
Disclosure: it’s initiated by DycodeX

76. Learning
Shop
Community
Software
Projects, tutorials, videos, news,
professional trainings
Hardware marketplace from Maker for
Maker: kits, devboards, maker tools
IoT Cloud infrastructure, software
libraries, sample code
Offline meetups, seminars,
training/hands-on, competitions

77. ENABLING MAKER MOVEMENT

78. Use development board
+ modules!

79. makestroid
makestroid
makestroid

80. x@dycode.com | http://dycodex.com
IoT & maker movement enabler