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GPU Assisted Password Cracking (Andrey Belenko, Elcomsoft)
- 2. Who may need Password Recovery? Ordinary users (own passwords) IT Departments (employee’s passwords) Security auditors, consultants and penetration testers Law enforcement & government Hackers usually don’t!
- 3. Why speed counts? Users and IT Departments: «We needed those passwords yesterday» Auditors, consultants and pentesters: «Time is Money»
- 4. How to increase speed? Traditional way is to network together many computers to form a cluster • Communication overhead • Difficult to manage • Not power-efficient
- 8. Yes! For many HPC applications GPUs are many times faster than CPUs But they’re not only faster, they are greener!
- 9. Why?
- 10. CPUs are designed to be efficient at serial computing… …while GPU’s main concern is parallel computing
- 11. Intel® Core™ i7-965 “The highest performing desktop processor on the planet.” 4 cores 3,2 GHz 731 million transistors 263 mm2
- 12. Memory Controller IO IO Q Core Core Core Core u e u e QPI QPI L3 cache 8 Мb >384 million transistors
- 13. Out-of- Memory Controller Order Execution Units Scheduling & Retirement IO IO Q Ordering & Execution u Instruction Core Core Core Core Memory L1 e Decode & Data Microcode u e Branch Prediction Inst Fetch & L1 QPI QPI Paging L3 cache L2 8 Мb >384 million transistors
- 14. Memory Controller IO IO Q Core Core Core Core u e u e QPI QPI L3 cache 8 Мb >384 million transistors
- 15. CPU dedicates only about 10% to the execution units! 1/10
- 16. CPU dedicates only about 10% to the execution units!
- 17. NVIDIA® GeForce® GTX 285 240 cores 1.476 GHz 1.4 billion transistors 470 mm2
- 18. PCIe & TPC TPC TPC Memory TPC TPC Controller Thread ROP Setup ROP Dispatch Memory TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC Controller
- 19. PCIe & Multiprocessor Multiprocessor Multiprocessor TPC TPC TPC Memory TPC TPC Controller Thread ROP Setup ROP Dispatch Texture Memory Fetch & TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC Controller Other
- 20. PCIe & TPC TPC TPC Memory TPC TPC Controller Thread ROP Setup ROP Dispatch Memory TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC Controller
- 21. GPU dedicates about 30% to the execution units! 1/3
- 22. GPU dedicates 6 times as many resources to the execution units as CPU! 183 Watts 6x130=780 Watts full load full load
- 23. Performance 680 250 LM 195 32 S1070 GTX 295 2 600 1 330 NTLM GTX 285 795 87 Q6600 1 920 920 MD5 570 70 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 Millions passwords per second
- 24. Performance per $ 85 521 LM 557 S1070 178 GTX 295 325 2 771 NTLM GTX 285 2 271 483 Q6600 240 1 917 MD5 1 629 389 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 Thousands passwords per $ per second
- 25. Performance per Watt 850 865 LM 1 066 305 S1070 GTX 295 3 250 4 602 NTLM GTX 285 4 344 829 Q6600 2 400 3 183 MD5 3 115 667 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 Thousands passwords per watt per second
- 26. Bad News: Not every algorithm is worth offloading to GPU MD4 / MD5 GPU is good at computing SHA-1 / SHA-2 RIPEMD but MD2 AES DES GPU is bad at accessing RC4 random memory locations
- 27. Good News: Humans love repetition
- 29. WPA-PSK Tesla S1070 52400 31500 HD4870x2 21700 GTX 295 15750 HD4870 12500 GTX 285 11800 GTX 280 3100 Core 2 Quad Q6600 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000
- 30. Other Accelerators? Based on FPGA (Xilinx) FireWire Proprietary SDK US $3’995
- 31. Single Unit Performance 45000 40000 40000 35000 30000 27000 25000 TACC1441 20000 GTX 285 16000 15000 13500 10000 5050 5000 3050 0 PGPdisk 128 PGPdisk 256 Office 2007
- 32. US $3’995
- 33. US $3’995
- 34. Performance for $4K 500000 440000 450000 400000 350000 300000 250000 TACC1441 11x GTX 285 200000 176000 150000 100000 55550 50000 27000 13500 3050 0 PGPdisk 128 PGPdisk 256 Office 2007
- 35. Greener Computing • Consider a cluster of 25 dual-CPU quad-core computers • 400 watts full load each • 10’000 watts total
- 36. Greener Computing • Two Tesla S1070 provide same performance • 800 watts full load each • One computer for management • 2’000 watts total
- 39. Greener Computing • 8’000 watts saved • 49’090 kWh a year (at 70% utilization) • € 5’890 savings on electricity a year (at 0.12€ per kWh average rate) • Prevents 27’500 kg CO2 emission • Takes 5 cars off the roads • Saves 2’300 trees/year
- 40. Thank You! Andrey Belenko a.belenko@elcomsoft.com