3. It contains literature coming from
books, journalism, and other forms of
material, concerning or relevant to the
study, but are data-free or non –
empirical material, coming from both
foreign and local sources.
4. These are empirically – based, like
scientific paper, theses, and
dissertations, both published and
unpublished, coming from local and
foreign sources.
5. It gives researcher several ideas on how to select
and formulate his own research problem.
It helps the researcher identify studies that have
been done related to the topic he is interested
in.
It avoids possible duplication of similar studies.
It guides the researcher on the possible
theoretical framework he can use for his current
study.
6. It gives direction to the researcher on how he
will create his own conceptual framework.
It allows the researcher to browse several kinds
of research designs, sampling techniques,
statistical procedures, questionnaires and
processes of presenting, analyzing , and
interpreting data, from where he could base his
own choice for his paper.
It gives a picture of a comparative analysis
between variables used in reviewed materials
and those used in the current study.
7. The review material must be current.
Literature and studies reviewed must be
relevant to the study.
Findings or result of reviewed study
should be objective and free of biases.
8. The data used in the reviewed materials
should be scrutinized in terms of sampling
technique used to ensure that generalizations
are based on normal population.
Reviewed materials related to the current
study should be enough to establish a strong
and viable trending of result.
9. Graduate theses and Dissertation
Encyclopedia of Educational research
Books
Internet sites and resources (website, e-
journals, e-books)
Dictionaries in education and psychology
10. How to Write the
Introduction of a Review
of Related Literature
Identify the general topic of the sources
under discussion. Thus, you will provide the
context of your review of related literature;
Discuss what was already presented about
the topic of your paper: conflicts in a theory,
conclusions, gaps in research and scholarship,
etc.
Explain why the literature used is worth
reviewing
11. It is a way of strengthening or concretizing
one’s idea by citing the similar or relevant
ideas or findings of other researchers and
authorities. Documentation was done
through footnoting or parenthetical
reference citation. Modern writers is now
using parenthetical reference style. The style
is called “American Psychological Association
style” or APA style
12. According to Flippo (1984) proper job performance
is achieved only if employees are trained because
they will improve their skills.
Flippo (1984) stated the relationship or training and
performance, thus:
“After personnel have been obtained, they must be
to some degree developed. Development has to do
with the increase of skill through training, that is
necessary for proper job performance.”
13. When a work has two authors, always cite
both names every time the reference occurs
in the text. In parenthetical material join the
names with an ampersand (&).
14. In the narrative text, join the names with the word
"and."
as Leiter and Maslach (1998) demonstrated
When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all
authors the first time the reference occurs.
Kahneman, Knetsch, and Thaler (1991) found
15. Each member furnish a copy of foreign and local
literature of their study.
Harmonize the information following the
sequence of the question under Statement of the
Problem
Lift, adopt, paraphrase or quote the essential
substance of a written source.
Present the output to the class
