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CNS and PNS
Nerve injuries types ,[object Object],Axonotmesis  Neurotmesis
Neurapraxia ,[object Object]
Axonotmesis ,[object Object]
Neurotmesis ,[object Object],[object Object]
Classification of Nerve injury ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Regeneration of Nerve Fibers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Regeneration of Nerve Fibers
NERVOUS SYSTEM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM  (CNS) A HIERARCHY OF DOMAINS SPINAL CORD HINDBRAIN metencephalon mesencephalon FOREBRAIN MIDBRAIN lower -------------------------------- higher diencephalon telencephalon myelencephalon cervical MIDBRAIN NUCLEI CEREBELLUM PONS MEDULLA thoracic lumbar sacral CEREBRAL CORTEX BASAL FOREBRAIN HIPPOCAMPUS THALAMUS HYPOTHALAMUS
Cerebrum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 8-6
Occipital Lobe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Occipital Lobe  Visual Lobe
Temporal Lobe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Temporal Lobe Temporal Lobe Auditory Cortex
Parietal Lobe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Parietal Lobe Somatosensory Cortex
Frontal Lobe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Frontal Lobe Motor Cortex Motor Cortex Broca’s Area Motor Cortex Working Memory
 
Gross Anatomy of the Spinal Cord  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
31 Spinal Cord Segments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spinal Meninges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 13–3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cerebrospinal Fluid   (CSF) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sectional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord ,[object Object],[object Object],White Matter Gray Matter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Spinal Cord Organization
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organization of White Matter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spinal Cord Organization Specilization in the spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Somatic vs. Autonomic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Sympathetic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Brain Spinal cord SYMPATHETIC Dilates pupil Stimulates salivation Relaxes bronchi Accelerates heartbeat Inhibits activity Stimulates glucose Secretion of adrenaline, nonadrenaline Relaxes bladder Stimulates ejaculation in male Sympathetic ganglia Salivary glands Lungs Heart Stomach Pancreas Liver Adrenal gland Kidney
Parasympathetic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Brain PARASYMPATHETIC Spinal cord Stimulates salivation Constricts bronchi Slows heartbeat Stimulates activity Contracts bladder Stimulates erection of sex organs Stimulates gallbladder Gallbladder Contracts pupil
Spinal Nerves ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cranial Nerves The Cranial Nerves

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Cns 2

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 9.
  • 10. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) A HIERARCHY OF DOMAINS SPINAL CORD HINDBRAIN metencephalon mesencephalon FOREBRAIN MIDBRAIN lower -------------------------------- higher diencephalon telencephalon myelencephalon cervical MIDBRAIN NUCLEI CEREBELLUM PONS MEDULLA thoracic lumbar sacral CEREBRAL CORTEX BASAL FOREBRAIN HIPPOCAMPUS THALAMUS HYPOTHALAMUS
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.  
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Spinal Cord Organization Specilization in the spinal cord
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.  
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Cranial Nerves The Cranial Nerves

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. key words: cerebral cortex; lobes; frontal; motor functions Frontal lobe is not directly involved in sensation or perception. Its functions are related to motor action (behavior). The motor cortex is the start of nerves that run through the spinal cord to the muscles. Broca’s area organizes sequences of speech movements. Damage leads to productive aphasia Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex is important in working memory. WM is short term memory for information needed to maintain a context, to prepare for the next step in a sequence of thought, and /or to inhibit irrelevant responses The wisconsin card sorting task illustrates the importance of working memory in maintaining context and inhibiting irrelevant responses
  2. keywords: sympathetic nervous system; fighlt or flight response
  3. key words: parasympathetic nervous system; rest and digest system