Apples mobile operating system
considered the foundation of the
iPhone
Originally designed for the iPhone
but now supports iPod touch, iPad,
and Apple TV
It is updated just like Itune for iPods
As of Oct 2011 Apple contains over
500,000 iOS applications

 iPone OS was first unveiled in Jan 2007 at
the Macworld Conference and Expo
Released June 2007
 In June 2010 licensed the trademark iOS
(From Cisco IOS)
 Now goes all the way up to iOS 5 (released
last month)
 Originally did not allow third party
applications but after Feb 2008 this
changed
 With either 30% profit to apple, or free
with membership fee

The iOS
Architecture
Similar to basic architecture found in Mac
OS X
 Acts intermediate between applications and
hardware
iOS
Apps
Hardware

The Layers in iOS Architecture
Technology
 Consists of four Abstraction
layers• Core OS Layer
• Core service Layer
• The Media Layer
• The Cocoa Touch Layer
Uses Darwin foundation and therefore a unix
like OS
 The user interface of iOS is based on the
concept of direct manipulation, using multi-
touch gestures.

The core of iOS
Accelerate Framework
(Accelerate.framework)
This framework contains interfaces for
performing DSP, linear algebra, and image-
processing calculations
Core Bluetooth (CoreBluetooth.framework)
This framework allows developers to interact
specifically with Bluetooth Low-Energy ("LE")
accessoriesExternal Accessory Framework
(ExternalAccessory.framework)
This framework provides support for
communicating with hardware accessories
attached to an iOS based device
Contains the low-level features
such as

Core services Layer
Contains the High-level features that all applications use such as
iCloud Storage
lets your application write data to a central location
and access those items from all user’s computers and
iOS devices
iCloud
Core services framework
Includes Accounts.framework,
AddressBook.framework and
CoreData.framework for user accounts
,contacts and for managing model-view-
controller application

Media Layer
The Media layer contains the graphics, audio,
and video technologies
Graphics Technologies
Includes Core Graphics , Core Animation and OpenGL
technologies which handles 2D vector and animating
views and 2D and 3D figures
Audio Technologies
Supports rich audio experince and audio formats like AAC,
Apple Lossless(ALAC),A-Law and Linear PCM
Video technologies
The iOS support the playback of movie files with the
.mov, .mp4, .m4v, and .3gp filename extensions

Compression standards in Video Technologies
● H.264 video, up to 1.5 Mbps, 640x480 pixels,
30 frames
per second
• H.264 video, up to 768 Kbps, 320x240 pixels,
30 frames per second
• MPEG-4 video, up to 2.5 Mbps, 640x480 pixels,
30 frames per second
Media layer also consists of different
frameworks like CoreAudio.framework,
CoreImage.framework and
CoreText.framework

Cocoa Touch Layer
The Cocoa Touch layer contains the key frameworks for
building iOS applications
The layer defines the basic
application and support for key
technologies such as multitasking,
touch-based input,push
notifications, and many high-level
system services
Cocoa Touch follows a Model-View-
Controller (MVC) software
architecture

The iOS Development
The iOS SDK (Software Development kit)
 Includes interfaces,tools and resources
 Includes special packages called Frameworks
 A framework is a directory that contains a dynamic shared
library and the resources (such as header files, images, helper
applications, and so on)
Key Components of SDK
 Xcode
Tools Xcode  Instrument
s
 iOS simulator
 iOS Developer
Library

Xcode
Tools
• An Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) that manages to edit,compile,run and
Debug source code
• Xcode is a suite of tools used for developing
softwares for Mac OS X and iOS
• Xcode suite supports C, C++, Objective C,
Objective C++, Java, AppleScript, Python
and Ruby source code with a variety of
programming models
• Instruments are the runtime performance analysis and
debugging Tools
• iOS Simulator is a Mac OS X application that simulates the iOS
technology stack, allowing you to test iOS applications on
Macintosh computer

iOS Distribution

iOS Version History
 iOS 1.x: initial OS
 iOS 2.x: second major
OS
 iOS 3.x: third major
OS
 iOS 4.x: fourth major
OS
On June 29, 2007, Apple released the first version of
iOS
The Latest Stable release is version 9, iPhone 6S, Phone 6S+, iPod
Touch and iPad
The Latest unstable release is version 9.1
 iOS 6.x: sixth major OS
 iOS 7.x: seventh major
OS iOS 8.x: eighth major
OS
 iOS 5.x: fifth major OS

 iOS 4 is the fourth version of the iOS mobile
operating system designed by Apple Inc.. It was
released on June 21, 2010, and was the first
major release to be renamed to simply "iOS", and
the first major release to drop support for some
devices.
 The iPhone 3G and 2nd generation iPod Touch
lack multitasking capabilities and the ability to set
a home screen wallpaper, while the iPhone 4,
iPhone 3GS, 3rd and 4th generation iPod Touch
have them.
 iOS 4.2.1, released November 22, 2010, added
iPad compatibility. It was the last to support
iPhone 3G and iPod Touch (2nd generation, MB &
MC models).
 iOS 4.0 was released to the public and supported
only the iPhone and iPod touch. iOS 4.0 was

 iOS 5 is the fifth version of the iOS mobile operating
system designed by Apple Inc. It had the fewest updates out of
all the major iOS versions. It was preceded by iOS 4 (final
version was 4.3.5) and succeeded by iOS 6, which was released
on SeptemiOS 5 was previewed on June 6, 2011
during WWDC 2011. At the same event, Apple previewed Mac
OS X Lion and announced its cloud-based media
service, iCloud. For the second time, support for some devices
was dropped, specifically the iPhone 3G and the iPod
Touch (2nd generation). Supported devices on this release
include the iPhone 3GS onwards, the iPod Touch (3rd
generation) onwards, and the original iPad onwards.
 On October 4, 2011, Apple held an event at the 4 Infinite
Loop building at its headquarters in Cupertino, California.
While other items were discussed, the main focus was the
unveiling of the iPhone 4S and its new,
exclusive Siri software. The release date for iOS 5, October 12,

iOS 6 is the sixth major release of the
iOS mobile operating system designed
by Apple Inc., initially released on
September 19, 2012. The final version of
iOS 6 is 6.1.6. It was preceded by iOS 5
(final version was 5.1.1) and was
succeeded by iOS 7 on September 18,
2013. New features included a new
Maps application with data developed by
Apple, the Passbook application for
storing tickets and loyalty cards,
enhancements to Siri and user-definable
'VIP' inboxes for mail from known
recipients.
iOS 6 is the last release of iOS
supervised by Scott Forstall, who led the
creation of the operating system from its

I. iOS 7 is the seventh major release of the iOS
mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc
and successor of iOS 6. It was announced at the
company's Worldwide Developers Conference
(WWDC) on June 10, 2013, and was released on
September 18, 2013. iOS 7 features a completely
redesigned user interface, a design credited to a
team led by Apple's SVP of design Jony Ive.
II. At Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in
2014, CEO Tim Cook announced that iOS 7 was
installed on 89% of all compatible iOS devices.
iOS 7 was succeeded by iOS 8, which was
released on September 17, 2014. The final
version of iOS 7 is 7.1.2. The last supported
version of iOS for the iPhone 4 is iOS 7.1.2.

I. iOS 8 is the eighth major release of the iOS mobile
operating system designed by Apple Inc. as the
successor to iOS 7.
II. It was announced at the company's Worldwide
Developers Conference (WWDC) 2014 on June 2,
2014, and was released on September 17, 2014.
Billed as "The biggest change to iOS since the
introduction of the App Store", iOS 8 builds on the
major redesign that iOS 7 introduced, while including
many enhancements and interface improvements.
III. iOS 8 was installed on 87% of compatible Apple
devices as of September 14, 2015 (2 days before the
release of iOS 9). The final version of iOS 8 is 8.4.1,
released on August 13, 2015.

• The most advanced mobile experience. Now even more so.
• What’s new in iOS 9.
I. iOS 9 brings you refinements at every level — from the apps you see on
your Home screen down to the foundation of the system. Siri is smarter
than ever, proactive suggestions keep you on track, and multitasking
on iPad hits an all-new high with Slide Over, Split View, and Picture in
Picture. All these enhancements enable your devices
II. iOS 9 is the ninth release of the iOS mobile operating system designed
by Apple Inc which is the successor to iOS 8. It was announced at the
company's Worldwide Developers Conference 2015 on June 8, 2015,
and was released on September 16, 2015.
III. iOS 9 focuses less on new features and more on under-the-hood
optimizations, as well as battery improvements.[1] On September 21,
2015, Apple announced that iOS 9 had been installed on more than
50% of active iOS devices, making it the fastest adoption rate for a new
operating system and significantly faster than that of its predecessor.
As of November 2, 2015, iOS 9 has been installed on 66% of
compatible Apple devices.
IV. And you — to do so much more every day.

FEATURES
Home screen

Primary Applications

Camera, Camcorder
Photos
Calendar
Messaging
YouTube
Stocks
Map

Conclusion
The objective of the seminar was to study and
enhance our knowledge about Apple iOS ,
mobile operating system. We have learnt about
the new features of the iOS 5 operating system.
 So we have learnt about the layers of iOS
technology viz. core OS, core services, media
and cocoa touch.
 The fact that all the information regarding iOS
cannot be bound in this Presentation, I have
tried to cover almost all points that made
study of iOS worthy.

ThanQ
You

A IOS ( IPhone Operating System)
Project
by Soumyadeep