The code saves arguments and return addresses on the stack before calling functions. It calls the dofsum function, passing arguments 2 and 3, saves the return value, and restores arguments and return addresses when returning. The dofsum function saves its return address, calls the sum function, returns the result and restores its return address.

1. Consider the MIPS code given in the following.
main:
addi $sp, $sp, -4
sw $ra, 0($sp)
addi $sp, $sp, -4
sw $a0, 0($sp)
addi $a0, $0, 2
sw $a0, 4($s1)
addi $sp, $sp, -4
sw $a1, 0($sp)
addi $a1, $0, 3
sw $a1, 8($s1)
jal dofsum
sw $v0, 16($s1)
lw $a1, 0($sp)
addi $sp, $sp, 4
lw $a0, 0($sp)
addi $sp, $sp, 4
lw $ra, 0($sp)
addi $sp, $sp, 4
jr $ra
dofsum:
add $v0, $a0, $a1
addi $sp, $sp, -4
sw $ra, 0($sp)
jal sum
lw $ra, 0($sp)
addi $sp, $sp, 4
jr $ra
sum:
add $v0, $a0, $a1
jr $ra
Draw the snapshot of the stack before, during, and after dofsum() function call, Now show the
content of the stack before, during, and after dofsum() function call.

2. Assume $SP = 0x45ffff00 before entering the main: label.
Assume that main: is stored at memory address 0x00400000 and $ra = 0x00400FF0 before
entering main: label