Cranial nerves Make a large portion of the Peripheral nerve system, these are all arises from Brain passes through various foraminae in the cranium.

1. Cranial nerves
by: Amen Ullah
KMU-IPMS

2. Cranial nerves

3. I. Olfactory nerve
• Component: sensory
• Function: smell
• Origin: olfactory epithelium
• Pass through: opening in cerebriform plate of
ethmoid

4. II. Optic nerve
• Component: sensory
• Function: vision
• Origin: rises from the retina and back of the
eye ball
• Pass through: optic canal

5. III. Oculomotor
• Component: Moter
• Function: rises upper eyelids
» Turn eyeball upward, downward & medially
» Constrict pupil
» Accumudate the eyes
• Origin: Anterior surface of the midbrain
• Pass through: Superior orbital fissure

6. IV. Trochlear Nerve
• Component: motor
• Function: Traction of eyeball laterally &
downward
• Origin: posterior surface of the midbrain
• Pass through: Superior orbital fissure

7. V Trigeminal nerve
• Component: sensory
• Function: Cornea
Skin of forehead
Face
Mandible
Origin: Anterior aspect of the pones
• Pass through: Foramen Rotundum

8. VI. Abducent nerve
• Component: Motor
• Function: Lateral Rectus muscles of eyeball,
turn eye laterally
• Origin: Foramen Rotundum
• Pass through: Superior orbital fissure

9. VII. Facial
• Component: Motor
• Function: Muscles of face, cheek, and scalp;
stapedius muscle of middle ear
Pass through: stylomastoid foramen

10. VIII. Vestibulocochlear
• Component: sensory
• Function: Position and movement of head
Hearing
Pass through: Internal acoustic meatus

11. IX. Glossopharyngeal
• Component: Motor
• Function: assists swallowing
Parotid salivary gland
Pass through: Jugular foramen

12. X. Vagus
• Component: Motor
• Function: Constrictor muscles of pharynx and
intrinsic muscles of larynx; involuntary muscle
of trachea and bronchi, heart, alimentary tract
from pharynx to splenic flexure of colon;
liver and pancreas
Pass through: Jugular foramen

13. XI. Accessory
• Component: Motor
• Function Muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and
larynx , Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
muscles
Pass through: Jugular foramen

14. XII. Hypoglossal
• Component: Motor
• Function: Muscles of tongue controlling its
shape and movement
Pass through: Hypoglossal canal