DEV meet-up UiPath Document Understanding May 7 2024 Amsterdam
Rapid prototyping and modelling
1. Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
By
Amar Vamsi Krishna
4th Year B.E, Mechanical Engineering
1RN11ME007
Phase-1: Introduction, Principle, Family and Features
2. What is Rapid Prototyping?
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
• RAPID:
(adj)happening in a short time or at a great
rate
• PROTOTYPE :
(n) a first or preliminary version of a device or
vehicle from which other forms are developed
(v) make a prototype of (a product)
3. What is Rapid Prototyping?
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
4. What is Rapid Prototyping?
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
• Manufacturing Technique based on
DISPERSED ACCUMULATION FORMING
5. Looking down the memory lane
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
• 1982: US patent no 473901 : Blanther – Layered
Manufacturing
– 1950s:100s of RPM patents
• 1986: Stereolithography- Charles W Hull (US Patent
No:4575330)
– 1988: 3D System Corp, USA- First RP machine (SLA-
250)
» 274 patents in USA during 1986-1998
• GARPA(Global Alliance of Rapid Prototyping
Associations) set up
6. Division of Forming Technologies
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Removal Forming
Forced Forming
Dispersed-Accumulated Forming
Growth Forming
7. Principle of Rapid Prototyping?
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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
• RPM Digital Information Process +
Digital Physical Process =
Digital Forming Process
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
8. Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Family
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
• Rapid Prototyping (RP)
• Rapid Manufacturing
• Rapid Tooling(RT)
• Rapid Moulding(RM)
• Bio-Manufacturing(BM)
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Rapid Prototyping
High Energy
Beam
Stereolithography
Laminated Object
Manufacturing
Selective Layer
Sintering
Jetting/Extrusion
Fused Deposition
Modelling
Ink Jet Printing
3D Printing
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
Stereolithography
•He-Cd/Argon/Solid State Laser (dozens to
hundreds of mW)
•Wavelength: 320 nm to 370nm
•Charles W Hull : 1986
•Free Radical light cured resin, cat-ion light
cured resin and mixed type.
•Composition of resins: Polymerizable Prepolymer,
active monomer, photoinitiator and auxiliaries
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
Laminated Object Manufacturing
•Uses laser or Knife to cut patterns on thin layers
and then piles the layers together.
•Machine components: Paper feeding and rolling
implement, heat presser, altimeter sensors, X-Y
scanning system, mobile elevated workbench
•Michael Feygin: 1986
•Structural Materials: Paper or polymeric films
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
Selective Layer Sintering
•Piling up layers of laser sintering metal or non
metallic powder
•Machine Constituents: Laser(CO2 or YAG with
near IR band wavelength of 1.06 micrometers) of
power 50W -200W, optical system, function
generator, a hopper, a spreading system and an
industrial PC.
•Developed by CR Dechard in University of Texas,
Austin, 1989
•Forming materials: Wax powder, Metal Powder,
polystyrene, plastics like ABS and PLA, Coated
Ceramic etc
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
Fused Deposition Modelling
•Most popular
•This is colloquially called the 3D printer
•Extrusion of slurry like viscous molten materials
and depositing them on a base or a previously
formed part
•Developed by Dr. Scott Crump in 1988
•Commercialized by Stratasys Corp, USA
•Low cost Desktop printers and Do It Yourself kits
from companies like Makerbot
•An evolving community is growing rapidly
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
Ink Jet Printing
•Builds parts by shooting/jetting material droplet
on-demand from piezoelctric ink-jet nozzles.
•High forming velocity can be achieved by using
a linear array of nozzles
•Forming materials are wax, wax-like thermoplasts
•Strength: >Wax; < Technical Thermoplatics
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
Techniques of RPM
3D Printing
•Uses ink-jet printing nozzles to jet binder droplets
onto solid powder surface.
•After one layer of powder, a binder is sprayed and
again one more layer of powder is spread.
•Invented by Prof. Sachs in MIT, USA
•Commercialized by Soligen Corp, USA under the
name Direct Shell Production Casing.
19. Features of RPM
• Direct Digital Control by CAD models
combined with CAM.
• High degree of FLEXIBILITY.
• Can be integrated with information process:
Non homogeneous, gradient and porosity
• More Rapid and Less Overheads
• Highly integrated compared to traditional NC
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
20. Conclusions
This presentation is the first of the three part
series. It deals with the introduction, principles,
types and features of Rapid Prototyping and
Modelling. It presents the existing technology
and not the current research. The further
presentations will contain the applications of
RPM, the difficulties, new progress, developing
trends and the possible areas of research in this
dynamic, integrated, futuristic and cutting edge
technology.
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
21. References
These are the following set of non exhaustive sources of
information for this presentation.
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing
• Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Technology:
Principle,Representative Technics, Applications, and Development
Trends,TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISSN 1007-0214
01/38 pp1-12 Volume 14, Number S1, June 2009
• http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-rp-resource/rapid-prototyping-
technology-animations for the gifs
• www.custompart.net
• Marvel comics for the image of Lizard from the Amazing Spiderman
series.
• Google image repository and YouTube videos .
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling
22. That’s all folks
Thank you
Questions ?
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT
2015
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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling