Broiler Poultry Farming and Backyard Poultry Management

1. Broiler Poultry Farming and
Backyard Poultry Management

2. TOPICS
Houses Preparation and Biosecurity
Management in Brooding
Water Management
Litter Management
Vaccination Schedule
Heat Stress and control
Some Important Diseases
Backyard Poultry Relevance

3. PLACE SELECTION
 Poultry house should be dry, up
ground & away from locality.
 Ensure pure water & electricity
supply.
 Predators & others animal are
not allowed in the farm.
 Ensure good transport system
for marketing of poultry.

5. Housing of Poultry

6. Important considerations
House should be constructed in east-
west direction
Should have good transport system
Ensure good ceiling system for
summer system
Should have proper ventilation system
that remove excess heat

7. FLOOR SPACE
First 2 week 0.5 sqft/chick should
provided
In summer season 1.2 sqft and winter
1 sqft place should be provided.

8. FLOOR SPACE

9. BIOSECURITY
Farm Metarials: Feeder, waterer, fan,
door, windows hover, net should
washed following way:
Detergent
Washing Soda
Disinfactant

10. BIOSECURITY
Fumigation: (for 200 sqft)
Potassium per menganate- 40
gm
Formalin- 80 gm
Note: Formalin should be putout over
PPM

11. Brooding Management
Chick Guard:
For 1000 chicks, it should be 24 ft long &
12 ft width

12. MANAGEMENT IN BROODING

13. PREPARATION FOR CHICK ARRIVAL
Litter material should be spread
evenly to a depth of 3–4 in (7.5–10 cm)
and then levelled and compacted in
the brooding area.
The necessary equipment must be
assembled in the appropriate
configuration as-
Feeder- 30 inch long/ 50 chicks
Waterer- 2 litre capacity/ 50 chicks

14. PREPARATION FOR CHICK ARRIVAL
 Equipment in the house (i.e.,
feeders, drinkers, heaters and fans)
should be arranged to allow chicks to
maintain body temperature without
dehydration and to find feed and water
easily.
Houses should be pre-heated for a
sufficient period to achieve target
house and litter temperatures prior to
chick arrival.

15. AFTER ARRIVAL
Firstly provide lukewarm water for 2-3 hrs
then provide following solution-
Glucose-50gm/ litre
Multivitamine-1gm/4 litre
Electrolytes- 1gm/ 2 litre
Provide instant energy and restore normal
body function.
Note: feed should be supply after 3 hrs on
arrival to avoid early enteritis in chicks

16. Brooding Temperature
Degree ©DEGREE
(F)
AGE
(WEEKS)
32-3590-951st
30-3385-902nd
27-3080-853rd
24-2775-804th

17. BROODING

18. Feeder management
NO OF
FEEDER/1000
chicks
AGE GROUP
As libido01 day
5002-12 days
25-3013- Marketing

19. Feeder management
Feeder should keep neat & clean.
To treat feeder by disinfactant
regularly.
Keep appropriate no. of feeder on
basis of population
Provide 24 hrs pure water at daily
basis

20. Feeder management

21. LITTER MANAGEMENT
In winter season litter should be 2-3 inch
& for winter season 4-5 inch depth
Daily spray with disinfactant
Moisture level should be keep in
minimum level
Moist litter should dried in sun heat &
treat with surface agent.

22. LITTER MANAGEMENT

23. Some Important Diseases
Control/Treat
ment
Clinical SignDiseases
Prevent by
Vaccination
Green diarrhoea,
torticolitis, Anorexia
Newcastle Disease
Prevent by
Vaccination
Whitish diarrhoea,
hyperthermia,
dullness
Infactious Bursal
Disease
Applied proper
anticoccidial
Bloody enteritis,
dehydration, anorxia
Coccidiosis
Apply proper
antibiotic eg
tylosin
Hacking cough, nasal
discharge
Mycoplasosis
Apply properEnteritis, swollenColibacillosis

24. Vaccination
ROUTEVACCINEAGE
EYEND, ND+IB05-06
E/WIBD10-12
WaterIBD16-18
waterND Lassota
strain
22-23

25. Vaccination
Should maintain cool chain of vaccine
Should be vaccinate at cool environment
i.e morning or late night
Diseased or weakness bird should be
separate from normal one.
Maintain appropriate route of
administration
For better efficacy vaccinate with non fat
milk

26. VENTILATION
Air quality is critical during the brooding
period.
Ventilation is required during the brooding
period to maintain temperatures at the
targeted level and to allow sufficient air
exchange to prevent the accumulation of
harmful gases such as carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide and ammonia.

27. VENTILATION
Establishing minimum ventilation rates
from one day of age will ensure fresh
air is supplied to chicks at frequent,
regular intervals.
 Stirring fans can be used to maintain
evenness of air quality at chick level.

28. HUMIDITY
Relative humidity (RH) in the hatcher,
at the end of the incubation process
will be high (approx. 80 percent).
 Houses with whole house heating,
especially where nipple drinkers are
used, can have RH levels as low as 25
percent.

29. HUMIDITY
Houses with more conventional
equipment (i.e., spot brooders, which
produce moisture as a byproduct of
combustion and bell drinkers, which
have open water surfaces) have a much
higher RH (usually over 50 percent).
To limit the shock to the chicks of
transfer from the incubator
RH levels in the first three days should
be maintained near 70 percent.

30. HUMIDITY
RH within the broiler house should be
monitored daily.
If it falls below 50 percent in the first
week, chicks will begin to dehydrate,
Causing negative effects on
performance.
 In such cases, action should be taken
to increase RH.

31. HUMIDITY
If the house is fitted with high-pressure
spray nozzles (i.e.,foggers) for cooling
in high temperatures, then these can
be used to increase RH during
brooding.
Chicks kept at appropriate humidity
levels are less prone to dehydration
and generally make a better, more
uniform start.

32. HUMIDITY
As the chick grows, ideal RH falls.
 High RH from 18 days onward can
cause wet litter and its associated
problems.
As broilers increase in live weight, RH
levels can be controlled using
ventilation and heating systems.

33. HEAT STRESS
Heat stress negatively affects growth
rate and livability.
 Effects of heat stress can be
minimized by altering the environment
to reduce the temperature
experienced by the bird.

34. CONTROL OF HEAT STRESS
Normal body temperature of a broiler
chicken is 106ºF (41ºC).
Broilers regulate their body temperature
by two methods:
 Radiation/convection of heat and
 Evaporative cooling through
respiration.
 Within the temperature range 55–77ºF
(13–25ºC), heat loss is mainly
accomplished through physical radiation
and convection to the cooler
environment.

35. CONTROL OF HEAT STRESS
 As the temperature rises above 86ºF (30ºC) the
majority of heat loss is accomplished by
evaporative cooling and panting, and
increased respiration rate.
 Panting allows the bird to control body
temperature by evaporation of water from the
respiratory surfaces and air sacs.
 The process uses energy. In conditions of high
humidity, panting is less effective.
 Where high temperatures are maintained for
long periods, or humidity is very high, panting
may be insufficient to control body
temperature and the bird may experience heat
stress.

37. Significance of backyard Poultry
in Jharkhand
 70% of house holds rear backyard
poultry
 It is Rural poultry production
technology
 Low feeding cost technology
 Production of Egg in the state ~ 127
crores/yr

38. Commonly used Backyard
variety in Jharkhand
 Gamapriya
◦ Good in Egg laying ~ 180-200 eggs per
year
 Vanaraja
◦ Goof in Meat Production
 Jharsim
◦ Developed in Ranchi Veterinary College
◦ Highly adapted to the state Climatic
conditions
◦ Good in Meat production

39. Benefits of Backyard Poultry
 Hardy nature and adapted to the soil
 Fights Malnutrition
 Better Price because of colored nature
 Minimum land, labour and capital
 High skill not required
 Regular source of income
 Decreased Inbreeding by introduction
of superior germplasm