Ship fire drill procedures

(threaten loss of life at sea, loss of property and/or threaten the
environment)
Captain, Dimos Derventlis

1. BRIDGE COMMAND TEAM
3rd
MATE
MASTER
A/B
Practical
 Implementation of the Ship’s Fire Plan and
Incident Log
 Emergency instruction communication
 Distress communication and log
 Correct use of GMDSS equipment
Theoretical:
 Maintaining proper protocols
 Awareness and usage of emergency
procedures to include fixed installation
systems (CO2) and Abandon Ship
procedures

2. EMERGENCY TEAM (Fire
Fighters)
Ch. Mate
Emergency team leader
Fire Fighters
<3>
Assistant &
Substitute Fire
Fighters <4>
Practical:
 Dress procedure for fire suits and
breathing apparatus
 Gas tight checks
 Taking cylinder pressure readings
 Hose handling procedures
 Door entry procedures
 Snatch rescue methods
 Implementation of casualty rescue
 Use of graphic illustration control at the
scene of the fire (BA board)
Presentations:
 Backdrafts
 Flashovers
 Rollovers
 Ship Fires

3. SUPPORT TEAM
• Theoretical:
 Explanation of the role and duties of the
team.
 Providing hose and equipment for the
Emergency Team as required.
 Possible locations for boundary cooling
jets.
 Closing ventilation, dampers, doors,
skylight and windows.
• Practical:
 Hose handling and training using charged
water directed into the sea.
 The use of verbal and hand signals for
hose operations.
 Hydrant location and operation.
2nd Mate
Support team leader
The remaining
crew without
specific duties.

4. ENGINE ROOM SUPPORT
TEAM.
• Practical:
 Correct operational procedures,
including fire pump, emergency
fire pump, fuel oil valves, power
isolation, dampers, ventilation,
skylights etc..
• Theoretical:
 Develop contingency plans to
combat a changing emergency
environment to include but no
limited to fixed installations and
ship’s stability with water
drenching/flooding.
Chief Engineer
Engine room
support team
leader
Electrician
2nd
Engineer

5. FIRST AID TEAM
• Practical:
 Equipment required to set up a
Casualty Handling/First-Aid
Station.
 Mouth to mouth resuscitation.
 Recovery position
 CPR
 Proper operation of resuscitator
equipment.
• Demonstration:
 Assessing if a casualty is alive or
dead.
 ABC (Airway, Breathing and
Circulations.
Cook
First Aid team
leader
Messmen
(2)

Prevent Fire, Detect Fire and
Fight Fire
• 1.Fire:
• Controlled fire is used in
our day to day lives for
useful purposes. Only
uncontrolled fire is
dangerous which can
cause damage to ship’s
crew and ship. A
combination of three
elements (air, fuel and
heat) causes fire to take
place.

• This can be easily
understood by
looking at the Fire
Triangle:
• If any one of the
element is isolated,
then fire cannot take
place. Fire is
classified depending
on the fuel that
causes fire.

• 2.Fire Prevention:
• If total awareness is
created to all personnel
on Fire Prevention, then
there is no need for Fire
• Detection, Fire Fighting
etc.,
• Remember the old saying
“ Prevention is
better than Cure”

Prevention of Class A(General) Fire is by:
• good house Keeping
• taking regular rounds of working premises
• use of fire retardant, fire resistant materials while construction of ships
wherever applicable
• keeping working areas under lock & key, when not in use or manned
• denying entry to unauthorized personnel
Prevention of Class B(Oil) Fire is by:
• Proper storage of oil & petro products
• Properly maintained fuel handling systems
• Properly trained personnel
• Avoiding leakage in the fuel system
• No smoking
• Not using naked lights
• operating fuel systems under supervision

Prevention of Class C(Electrical) Fire is by:
• Properly maintained Electrical equipment
• Ensuring proper electrical insulation
• Avoiding naked wires
• Using weather proof, explosion proof fittings where necessary
• Properly trained personnel
• Switching off electrical equipments when not in use (lights, fans, air
conditioners etc.,)
• Avoiding prolonged use or overloading of equipment
Prevention of Class D(Chemical) Fire is by:
• Understanding the characteristics of the chemicals and accordingly
standard operating procedures must be implemented for the personnel
handling these chemicals

3.Fire Detection:
•Manual detection
•Automatic detection (conventional or analog addressable)
Manual detection is by:
•regular rounds by duty personnel during working and non working hours
•alert and competent ships crew
•observing the running machinery for abnormal noise, abnormal vibration,
abnormal working temperatures etc.,
•CCTV – central monitoring through Closed Circuit TV

Automatic detection is by electrical Fire Alarm Control Panel
consisting of:
• Smoke Detectors placed in different parts of ship Heat Detectors
• Heat Detectors placed in different
parts of ship

4.Fire Fighting:
•Fire can be easily extinguished if minimum one element is isolated (fuel or
heat or air).
•Removal of fuel from fire is called Starving
•Removal of heat from fire is called Cooling
•Removal of air from fire is called Smothering
Early stages of fire can be extinguished by Portable Fire
Extinguishers available as per fireplan of
the ships:
•Water type extinguishers – for Class A (General) fire
•Foam type extinguishers – for Class B (Oil) fire
•CO₂extinguishers – for Class C (Electrical) fire
•DCP (Dry Chemical Powder) extinguishers – for Class A,B,C fires

FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS

Advanced stages of fire can be
extinguished by:
• 1) Fire main and
hose reel system
(manual
actuation)
provided in the
ship
Emergency
Fire Pump
Hydrant
International Shore
Connection

Advanced stages of fire can be
extinguished by:
• 2) Sprinkler
system (automatic
actuation) (In specific
places e.g. paint locker)
• 3) CO₂ Flooding
system (manual or
automatic
actuation)for
machinery
compartments (as
per ship’s
installation)
CO2 Control Box

FIRE DRILL
• Give the Alarm
• Shouting "Fire! Fire! Fire in the (fill in
the blank with the location of the
fire)!” should be the first words you
utter when you find a fire aboard.
This will alert any other persons in
the area and begin the process of
alerting the vessel's crew and
captain. It is essential that the
location of the fire be passed along
as well.
• You must pass the word that there's
a fire. Putting the fire out is not the
most important thing, if something
happens and you become a casualty
before passing the word. This risks
both the vessel and crew, when
giving the alarm brings the whole of
the vessel's firefighting resources to
bear. Without the alarm, the fire
continues, perhaps growing until it's
out of control, and then the vessel is
lost.
Try to advise the following:
• The fire location
• The type of fire
• The size of fire
• Details of casualty (if there is one)
• What actions (if any) been taken.

Follow procedures/Step by
step
• Don't Feed the Fire
• Don't give fire the air it needs to
burn. Shut down air-conditioning and
ventilation systems. Both act like a
bellows, pumping air into the fire.
Remember that fire requires fuel,
heat and air to exist; remove any one
of the three, and the fire dies.
• Upon receiving the alarm and the fire
location, the person in charge of the
vessel should turn the vessel to
minimize the effects of wind feeding
the fire and the effects of smoke.
Smoke will decrease visibility and
hamper firefighting efforts, so you
should turn the vessel so that smoke
blows off the vessel, rather than over
it.

Drill Objectives
• On receiving the word of a fire and
its location the Bridge Command
rises the Ship’s Fire Alarm (and PA
system if applicable)
• Communication with the Emergency
Team leader established.
• Mustering-Ship’s Crew Roll Call.
Emergency Team Leader co-
ordinates actions with Support
Team-Engine Support Team-First
Aid Team and report actions/results
to Bridge Control.
• Bridge Control Team initiates
incident plotting and notify
authorities, MRCC, vessel’s in
vicinity, following PAN procedures
via all means of communication.
• Emergency Team Leader immobilize
the Emergency Squat and test their
equipment/tools, reporting all
information about the fire-fighting
team to bridge control.

• Support Team & Engine Support Team:
1. Closing of watertight doors, fire doors, valves, skylights, portholes, dampers and other
similar openings in the ship,
2. Isolates AC, ventilation, power, fuel oil valves, start emergency fire pump and /or
emergency generator (as needed).
3. Setting-up fire hoses, commence boundary cooling and/or open hydrants to flood
horizontal surfaces to the surroundings of the fire.
4. Monitor access routes & actions, with priority to provide support to Emergency Team.
5. Leaders of both teams keep open communication with Bridge Command and
Emergency Team.
6. Engine Support Team leader (Chief Engineer) steady-by in case of CO2 release.

• Emergency Team
1. Emergency Team leader (Chief Mate) keep sending incident details to Bridge
Command.
2. Master have to alter vessel’s course in a way to aid the firefighting progress.
3. Firefighters dressed in full PPE&BA making the push to the scene of fire.
4. Emergency Team leader and Bridge Command follow closely the progress of
firefighters, paying particulars attention to withdraw the fire team well before the BA
expected to be empty.
5. Fire Team entering the Fire Zone and attempt rescue (if there is a casualty).
6. The firefighting progress continued till time of extinguished the fire or decision taken for
drenching or flooding.

• First-Aid Team
1. First-Aid Team leader keeps his team close to the scene of fire and in a safe distance,
without obstruct the whole operation.
2. Extra air bottles to refill BA must be ready at all times.
3. First-Aid Team with their tools & equipment on stand-by to provide first-aid in case f
casualty.
4. First-Aid Team to be familiar with first-aid procedures, including SPR techniques.
Reference to 1) Vessel’s FF Training Manual, 2) Company’s SMS, 3) IMO resolution (MSC.99/73, 4)
SOLAS, 5) MARPOL and all other source for information available.

ABANDON SHIP DRILL
• ABANDON ' SHIP SIGNAL-SEVEN
(7) SHORT RINGS OF THE
GENERAL ALARM SIGNAL
FOLLOWED BY ONE (1) LONG
RINGING OF THE GENERAL
ALARM, REPEATED.
1. The ship shall abandon ' drill be
conducted as if an actual emergency
existed. All hands should report to
their respective stations with
exposure suits and personal
floatation pool devices. They should
be prepared to perform the duties
specified in the station bill (posted in
conspicuous places throughout the
vessel)

2. Emergency lighting for mustering and
abandonment shall be tested at each
abandon ' ship drill
3. Safety equipment such as the portable
radio apparatus and first aid kit shall be
brought from the emergency equipment
lockers and the persons designated shall
demonstrate their ability to use the
equipment during each drill.
4. The person in charge of each life raft
shall have a muster list of all personnel
under his command and shall ensure that
they are familiar with their duties. Using
the instruction placard posted at the life
raft station, the person in charge shall
instruct all personnel assigned to that
station in the proper procedures used for
launching a life raft, a life raft boarding
and righting an inverted life raft. Proper
life raft survival techniques, the dangers
of hypothermia and how to minimize the
effects of hypothermia shall be discussed
during this drill. The person in charge
shall, also give descriptions of equipment
contained in a life raft and instruction on
how to use it.

5. The person in charge of each life raft
shall ensure that all personnel assigned
to their life raft are suitably dressed and
personal floatation pool devices are
correctly donned. They shall also review
the order to abandon ' ship as specified in
the muster list.
6. Ensure that:
•1. Method of donning lifejackets and
immersion suits carried aboard?
•2. Mustering at assigned stations?
•3. Proper boarding, launching, and
clearing of survival craft and rescue
boats?
•4. Method of launching survival craft by
people within them?
•5. Method of releasing survival craft from
launching-appliances?
•6. Use of devices for protecting survival
craft launching-in areas, where
appropriate?

• 7. Illumination of launching-areas?
• 8. Use of each item of survival
equipment;
• 9. Instructions for emergency repair
of lifesaving appliances?
• 10. Use of lifesaving appliances,
radio-with illustrations?
• 11. Use of sea anchors?
• 12. Use of engine and accessories,
where appropriate?
• 13. Recovery of survival craft and
rescue boats, including stowage and
securing;
• 14. Hazards of exposure and the
need for warm clothing?
• 15. Best use of survival craft for
survival; and

• 16. Methods of retrieving personnel,
including use of helicopter-mounted
rescue gear (slings, baskets,
stretchers) and vessel's line-throwing
apparatus.
• 17. Summoning of crew members to
survival craft with the general alarm?
• 18. Simulation of an abandon '-ship
emergency that varies from drill to
drill?
• 19. Reporting of crew members to
survival craft, and preparing for, and
demonstrating the duties assigned
under the procedure described in the
station bill for, the particular
• 20. abandon '-ship emergency being
simulated?
• 21. Checking to see that crew
members and offshore workers are
suitably dressed?

• 22. Checking to see that immersion
suits and lifejackets are donned
correctly?
• 23. Lowering of at least one lifeboat
(far enough that the davit head has
completed its travel and the fall
• 24. wire of the lifeboat has begun to
pay out) or, if no lifeboats are
required, lowering of one rescue
boat, after
• 25. any necessary preparation for
launching;
• 26. Starting and operating of the
engine of the lifeboat or rescue boat;
and
• 27. Operation of davits used for
launching liferafts.
• 28. Operation and use of the vessel's
inflatable liferafts?
• 29. Problems of hypothermia, first
aid for hypothermia, and other
appropriate procedures; and
• 30. Special procedures necessary for
use of the vessel's equipment and
lifesaving appliances in heavy
weather.

Ship fire drill procedures

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