10. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORS
PART 1: BACKGROUND
FOCUS OF THIS REPORT
INTRODUCTION TO ADDITIVE
MANUFACTURING AND 3D PRINTING
HISTORY OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
May 2012 through October 2012
November 2012 to May 2013
INDUSTRIES AND REGIONS BENEFITING
FROM AM
How companies are applying AM
processes
Installations by country
PART 2: APPLICATIONS
PROTOTYPING
Visual aids and presentation models
Fit, function, and assembly
TOOLING
METAL CASTING
ARCHITECTURAL
MEDICAL
Anatomical and surgical models
Custom prosthetic design
Virtual surgical planning and personal-
ized surgical instruments
Custom and off-the-shelf AM-
fabricated implants
Biocompatibility of AM materials
Regulatory clearances of AM products
DENTAL
DIRECT PART PRODUCTION
Aerospace
Automotive and motorsports
Medical
Avatars and figurines
Furniture, home, and office accessories
Applications in music
Consumer-created products
Art and jewelry
Gifts, trophies, and memorials
Marketing and advertising
Museum displays
Fashion and high-performance products
PART 3: PROCESSES AND
MATERIALS
PROCESSES
Material extrusion
Material jetting
Binder jetting
Sheet lamination
Vat photopolymerization
Powder bed fusion
Directed energy deposition
MATERIALS
Plastics
New plastics
Metals
New metals
Composites and hybrid materials
Materials for metal casting processes
Ceramics and other materials
Materials testing and international
standards
PROCESS/MATERIAL MATRIX
PART 4: SYSTEM MANUFAC-
TURERS
ARCAM
ASIGA
BEIJING TIERTIME
BLUEPRINTER
CARIMA
CONCEPT LASER
DWS
ENVISIONTEC
EOS
Precious M 080
Other business
EXONE
INNOVATION MEDITECH
LITHOZ
MCOR
OPTOMEC
PHENIX SYSTEMS
RAPID SHAPE
REALIZER
RENISHAW
SLM SOLUTIONS
SOLIDSCAPE
STRATASYS LTD.
Stratasys and Objet merger
New systems
Other developments
TRUMPF
3D SYSTEMS
Acquisitions
New products
Personal, professional, and production
3D printers
Other business
VOXELJET
OTHER COMPANIES IN ASIA
Aspect
Beijing Long Yuan
CMET
D-MEC
Fochif Mechatronics
Hunan Farsoon
InssTek
Keyence
Matsuura
Microjet Technology
Shaanxi Hengtong
Shanghai Union-tech
Trump Precision Machinery
Wuhan Binhu
OTHER COMPANIES IN EUROPE AND
THE U.S.
BeAM
Essential Dynamics
DM3D Technology
Fabrisonic
Sciaky
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Aeroswift
High speed sintering
Digital Metal
Ion fusion formation
Laser consolidation
Printoptical technology
Selective laser printing
Selective mask sintering
PERSONAL 3D PRINTERS
RepRap project
AliBaba
Kickstarter and Indiegogo
Material recycling
Software
Aleph Objects
Fabbster
Formlabs
MakerBot Industries
RoBo 3D
Printrbot
Solidoodle
Ultimaking
Other 3D printers
Comparing personal 3D printers
PART 5: INDUSTRY GROWTH
REVENUE FROM AM WORLDWIDE
Products and services
Growth percentages
Average selling price
MATERIAL SALES
Photopolymers
Laser-sintered polymers
Metals
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Secondary market
MARKET OPPORTUNITY AND FORECAST
INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM UNIT SALES
Unit sales growth percentages
Market shares
Systems sold by region
Market shares by manufacturer
Metal AM systems
Unit sales by manufacturer and year
Forecast
PERSONAL 3D PRINTERS
INVESTOR UPDATE
New public companies
Revenues and earnings
Outlook
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Industry survey
Steady growth
3D content and on-demand services
Shapeways
PART 6: GLOBAL REPORTS
AFRICA
South Africa
Other countries
ASIA
China
India
Japan
Singapore
AUSTRALASIA
Australia
New Zealand
EUROPE
Austria
Belgium
Finland
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
Russia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
OTHER REGIONS
Brazil
Canada
Turkey
PART 7: DIRECT PART
PRODUCTION
CHANGING THE WAY YOU
MANUFACTURE
WHY USE AM FOR PRODUCTION?
Customer satisfaction
Reduction of tooling
Part consolidation
Industry standards
DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE
MANUFACTURING
A new way of thinking
Consumer design
COST ANALYSIS AND ECONOMICS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Use of raw material
Sustainability implications
Distribution and logistics
Production by consumers
Environmental assessment tools
ENERGY USE IN AM
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
IMPLICATIONS
PRODUCT LIABILITY IMPLICATIONS
REQUIRED RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
Processes
Materials and related considerations
Organization, management, and supply
chain issues
PART 8: FRONT AND BACK-
END CONSIDERATIONS
CAD SOLID MODELING
MCAD on the cloud
PLM on the cloud
Autodesk moves simulation to the
cloud
CAD/PLM leaders show anemic
revenue growth
Seat count estimates
TOOLS FOR ARCHITECTURAL
MODELING
3D SCANNING AND SCAN PROCESSING
Primary uses
Current state of 3D measurement
Post-processing 3D data
Consumer 3D scanning
What’s next?
MEDICAL IMAGING AND PROCESSING
SOFTWARE
CO-DESIGN/CO-CREATION
AM SOFTWARE TOOLS
STL/AMF file review and repair
Lattice structures
Topology optimization
KARMA
POST-PROCESSING
Removing material
Adding material
Options that work for AM
POST-PROCESSING OF METAL AM
PARTS
Pre-build planning
Post-build cleanup and preparation
Thermal processing
Support removal and post-machining
Surface finishing
Inspection and non-destructive testing
PART 9: RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
TRENDS IN R&D
PATENTS
CONSORTIA AND COLLABORATIONS
National Network for Manufacturing
Innovation
National Additive Manufacturing
Innovation Institute
U.S. government interagency group
Additive Manufacturing Consortium
Direct Manufacturing Research Center
ASTM International Committee F42
Project TEAM
U.S. GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED R&D
National Science Foundation
Meso, micro, and nano scale
technology
Basic research on existing AM
technology
National Institutes of Health
Department of Defense
U.S. NATIONAL LABORATORIES
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory
ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES AND
CAPABILITIES
AM educational activities
Research innovations
Academic institutions with AM
capabilities
Research institutes with AM
capabilities
Future trends and contributions
PART 10: THE NEXT
FRONTIER
FIRST 25 YEARS
WHAT’S AHEAD?
New businesses
The depths of possibilities
HOLY GRAIL
NEXT STEPS
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS
APPENDIX B: SYSTEM AND MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS
Austria
Canada
China
Denmark
France
Germany
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Saudi Arabia
Sweden
Taiwan
United Kingdom
United States
APPENDIX C: SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
APPENDIX D: PERSONAL 3D PRINTERS
APPENDIX E: MATERIAL PROPERTIES
APPENDIX F: DIRECT METAL AM
COMPARISON MATRIX
APPENDIX G: 3D-SCANNING SYSTEMS
APPENDIX H: 3D SCAN-PROCESSING
SOFTWARE
Wohlers Report 2013 Table of Contents
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