Stress is upcoming major disease initiator be it Diabetes, Hypertension or even Cancers. Indian life style has been known to avert all these state by Yoga, Less use of Physical modes and a restricted diet.

2. BUDHHA
563- 483BC

3.  A Condition in which the person responds to
change in normal balanced state.
 Its non specific response of body to a DEMAND.
 Its NON-SPECIFIC because body goes through a
number of biochemical changes &
readjustments without regards to the nature of
stress producing agents.
 Stress is the “WEAR AND TEAR” experience of
our mind and body as we attempt to cope with
our continually changing environment.

4.  Stress is not synonymous with Nervous tension or
Anxiety.
 STRESSORS may be any event or stimulus which
may neither POSITIVE nor NEGATIVE but they have
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE effects i.e. FIGHT OR
FLIGHT.
S=P>R
Stress occurs when the Pressure is greater than the
Resource.

5. STRESS is not necessarily bad or harmful.
POSITIVE stress is EUSTRESS i.e. degree of
stress, necessary to sustain and improve
tolerance to stress without overdoing the
stress expenditure.

6.  COPING : It is a problem-solving process
that the person uses to manage the
stress or out of ordinary events or
situations with which he is presented i.e.
successfully dealing with the problem.

7.  ADAPTATION : Process by which human
system modifies itself to make suitable to the
environment.
 It is a change that results from response to
stress.

8.  Characteristics of Stress:
 Universal Phenomenon
 Its an Individual experience
 It provides stimulus for Growth & Change.
 It affects all dimensions of life.
 Its not a nervous energy

9.  EFFECTS OF STRESS ON BODY:
 Physical
 Emotional
 Intellectual
 Spiritual
 Social

10.  BODY  MIND
 Headache  Worrying
 Frequent Infections  Muddled Thinking
 Taut Muscles  Impaired Judgments
 Muscular Twitches  Nightmares
 Fatigue  Indecisions
 Skin Irritations  Negativity
 Breathlessness  Hasty Decisions

11.  EMOTIONS  BEHAVIOR
 Loss of Confidence  Accident Prone
 More fussy  Loss of Appetite
 Irritability  Loss of Sex Drive
 Depression  More Drinking R-OH
 Apathy  Insomnia
 Alienation  Restlessness
 Apprehension  More Smoking

12.  Hypo/Hyperthyroidism  CVD
 Diabetes  GI Disorders
 Accident Proneness  Menstrual Irregularities
 Skin Diseases  Misc:
 Respiratory Diseases  RA
 Migraine
 Ms Tension
 Low BP
 Cancer

13.  PHYSICAL  PHYSICAL
 ENVIRONMENTAL  PHYSIOLOGICAL
▪ HEAT,COLD,WETNESS ▪ SLEEP DEBT
▪ VOBRATION,NOISE. ▪ DEHYDRATION
▪ IONIZING RADIATION ▪ MALNUTRTION
▪ SKIN IRRITANTS OR ▪ POOR HYGIENE
CORROSIVES ▪ MUSCULAR FATIGUE
▪ PHYSICAL WORK ▪ IMPAIRED IMMUNE
▪ BRIGHT LIGHT,DARKNESS SYSTEM
▪ DIFFICULT OR ARDUOUS ▪ OVERUSE OR UNDERUSE
TERRAIN OF MUSCLES,ORGAN
SYSTEMS
▪ ILLNESS OR INJURY

14.  MENTAL  MENTAL
 COGNITIVE  EMOTIONAL(Feelings)
(Process of Learning) ▪ FEAR & ANXIETY
▪ INFORMATION-TOO MUCH PRODUCING THREATS OF
OR TOO LITTLE INJURY,PAIN,DISEASE,FAIL
URE OR LOSS
▪ SENSORY OVERLOAD OR
DEPRIVATION ▪ GRIEF PRODUCING LOSSES
▪ AMBIGUITY,UNCERTAINTY, ▪ RESENTMENT,ANGER,RAG
ISOLATION E PRODUCING
FRUSTRATION,LOSS, GUILT
▪ TIME PRESSURE V/s
WAITING ▪ BOREDOM PRODUCING
INACTIVITY
▪ UNPREDICTABILITY
▪ CONFLICTING MOTIVES
▪ DIFFICULT JUDGEMENT
▪ SPIRITUAL
▪ HARD CHOICES V/s NO CONFRONTATION
CHOICES

15.  (A) G.A.S- General Adaptation Syndrome
It gets Physiologic responses of whole of the
body to stressors. It involves Autonomic Nervous
System & Endocrine System.
 (B) L.A.S- Local Adaptation Syndrome:
 Localized responses to stress e.g. Wound Healing,
Blood clotting, Vision, Response to pressure
 Short term
 Adaptive
 Restorative

16. A-R-E which stands for:
 ALARM- Sympathetic system is mobilized.
 RESISTANCE- Adaptation takes place.
 EXHAUSTION- Adaptation can not be
maintained.

17.  ALARM Reaction:
 Fear, Fight & Flight
 Mobilizing defense mechanism of body and mind
to cope with stressors.
 Shock: A.N.S reacts, Release of Epinephrine &
Cortisone
 Counter Shock Phase: Reversal of changes
produced in shock phase

18.  STAGE OF RESISTANCE:
 Body stabilizes, Hormone Level returns to normal,
Heart rate, Blood Pressure & Cardiac Output
return to normal.
2 things may occur:-
Either person adapts to stressors successfully &
returns to normal or stressor remains present &
adaptation fails.

19.  STAGE OF EXHAUSTION:
 Occurs when body can no longer resists stress &
body energy is depleted.
 The body energy level is compromised &
adaptation diminishes.
 Body may not be able to defend that may end to
disease or death.

21. ADRENAL CORTEX- ADRENAL MEDULLA-
CORTISOL DEPENDENT CATECHOLAMINE DEPENDENT
 INCREASED  INCREASED
 FAT & PROTEIN  Release of glucose from Liver
BREAKDOWN  Release of Fatty Acids from
 BLOOD GLUCOSE fat stores
 ANTI – INFLAMMATORY  Heart Rate
EFFECTS  Blood Pressure
 Metabolic Rate
 Decreased function of visceral
organs

22.  Localized responses to stress.
 e.g. Wound Healing delayed.
 Blood Clotting
 Impaired Vision

23. I. PHYSIOLOGICAL:
 Dilated Pupils,
 Increased HR, RR, BP, Blood flow to Muscles &
Blood Clotting,
 Bronchodilatation,
 Skin Pallor,
 Oliguria, Water Retention,
 Dry Mouth, Decreased Peristalsis,
 Hyperglycemia, Diaphoresis and above all
Enhanced mental alertness

24. II.PSYCHOLOGICAL :
It includes
 Anxiety,
 fear,
 Anger,
 Depression &
 Unconscious ego defense mechanisms.

25.  MILD: Increased Alertness, Motivation &
attentiveness.
 MODERATE: Perception narrowed, selective in
attention & Physical discomfort.
 SEVERE: Impaired Learning ability, Very Narrow
focus, Behavior becomes automatic, Senses
reduced drastically.
 PANIC: Unable to function or communicate with
possible bodily harm to self or others, loss of
strong displeasure.

26.  False Expectations Appearing Real.
 It is mild to severe feeling of apprehension
about some perceived threat.
 Object of fear may or may not be based on
reality

27.  ANXIETY  FEAR:
 State of Mental  Emotion of
uneasiness. Apprehension
 Source may not be  Source is Identifiable.
identifiable.
 Related to Future.  Related to the present.
 Vague.  Definite.
 Result of Psychological  Result of Discrete
or emotional conflict. Physical/Psychological
entity.

28.  DEEP DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING
 AUTOGENIC TRAINING(PST)
 MEDITATION
 PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION
 BIOFEEDBACK
 YOG
 MASSAGE THERAPY
 EXERCISE

29. A-B-C STRATEGY
A = AWARENESS
What causes you stress?
How do you react?

30. A-B-C STRATEGY
B = BALANCE
There is a fine line between
Positive (FIGHT)or
Negative (FLIGHT) stress
How much can you cope with before it
becomes negative ?

31. A-B-C STRATEGY
C = CONTROL
What can you do to help yourself combat the
negative effects of stress ?

32.  “I N S A D C A G E S ”
 Loss of Interest in pleasurable activities,
 Suicidal Ideation
 Activity Decreased
 Depressed Feeling
 Concentration Decreased
 Appetite decreased
 Guilt feelings
 Energy decreased
 Sleep decreased

33.  Change your THINKING
 Change your BEHAVIOUR
 Change your LIFESTYLE

34.  Re-framing
 Positive thinking

35. Re-framing is a technique to change the
way you look at things in order to feel better
about them. There are many ways to
interpret the same situation so pick the one
you like. Re-framing does not change the
external reality, but helps you view things in a
different light and less stressfully.

36. POSITIVE THINKING:
 Forget -
powerlessness, dejection, despair, failure.
 Focus on positives as Stress leaves us
vulnerable to negative suggestion;
 Focus on your strengths;
 Learn from the stress you are under;
 Look for opportunities;
 Seek out the positive - make a change.

37.  Be assertive (Clear in State),
 Get organised,
 Ventilation,
 Humour,
 Diversion and distraction,

38. 1. BE ASSERTIVE ( Behaving in such a positive &
confident way that people notice you)
Assertiveness helps to manage stressful
situations, and will , in time, help to reduce
their frequency. Lack of assertiveness often
shows low self - esteem and low self -
confidence. The key to assertiveness is verbal
and non - verbal communication. Extending
our range of communication skills will
improve our assertiveness.

39. BEING ASSERTIVE:
Being assertive involves standing up for your
personal rights and expressing your thoughts,
feelings and beliefs directly, honestly and
spontaneously in ways that don’t infringe the
rights of others.

40. ASSERTIVE POEPLE:
 Respect themselves and others,
 Take responsibility for actions and choices,
 Ask openly for what they want,
 Disappointed if ‘want’ is denied,
 Self - confidence remains intact,
 Not reliant on the approval of others.

41. ASSERTIVE SKILLS-
 Establish good eye contact / don’t stare.
 Stand or sit comfortably - don’t fidget.
 Talk in a firm, steady voice.
 Use body language.
 ‘I think’ / ‘I feel’.
 ‘What do you think?’ ‘How do you feel ?’
 Concise and to the point

42. BENEFITS OF BEING ASSERTIVE:
 Higher self-esteem
 Less self-conscious
 Less anxious
 Manage stress more successfully
 Appreciate yourself and others more easily
 Feeling of self-control

43. 2. GET ORGANIZED:
 Poor organisation is one of the most
common causes of stress. Structured
approaches offer security against ‘out of the
blue’ problems.
 Prioritising objectives, duties and activities
makes them manageable and achievable.
 Don’t overload your mind.
 Organisation will help avoid personal and
professional chaos.

44. GET ORGANISED:
Time Management
 Make a list  Plan your day
What MUST be done  Set achievable goals
What SHOULD be done  Don’t waste time making
What would you LIKE to do excuses for not doing
 Cut out time wasting something
 Learn to drop
unimportant activities
 Say no or delegate

45. 3. VENTILATION:
‘A problem shared is a problem halved’
Develop a support network through friends or
colleagues to talk with. It’s not always events
that are stressful but how we perceive them.
Writing a diary or notes may help release
feelings but do not re-read what has been
written.

46. 4. HUMOUR:
 Good stress – reducer,
 Applies at home and work,
 Relieves muscular tension,
 Improves breathing,
 Pumps endorphins into the bloodstream - the
body’s natural painkillers.

47. 5. DIVERSION AND DISTRACTION
 Take time out,
 Get away from things that bother you,
 Doesn’t solve the problem,
 Reduce stress level,
 Calm down ,
 Think logically.

48.  Diet
 Smoking & Alcohol
 Exercise
 Sleep
 Leisure
 Relaxation

52.  Uses up excess energy released by the ‘Fight
or Flight’ reaction.
 Improves blood circulation
 Lowers blood pressure
 Clears the mind of worrying thoughts
 Improves self image
 Makes you feel better about yourself
 Increases social contact

53.  Good stress reducer
 Difficult to cope when tired
 Wake refreshed after night’s sleep
 Plenty of daytime energy

54.  Interest
 Gives you a ‘break’ from stresses
 Provides outlet for relief
 Provides social contact

55.  Lowers blood pressure  Decreases
 Combats fatigue mental worries
 Promotes sleep  Increases
 Reduces pain concentration
 Eases muscle tension  Increases productivity
 Increases clear thinking

56.  Conventional Medicine  Floatation
 Counselling &  Herbalism
psychotherapy  Biofeedback
 Relaxation  Homeopathy
 Meditation  Hypnotherapy
 Massage  Osteopathy
 Yoga  Pet Therapy
 Acupuncture  Reflexology
 Aromatherapy

57. DEFINITION
“GOAL ORIENTED BEHAVIOR”

62. MASLOW HIERARCHY NEED THEORY

64.  CERTAINTY
 UNCERTAINTY
 SIGNIFICANCE
 CONNECTION
 GROWTH
 CONTRIBUTION

65.  GOOD HEALTH
 GOOD FOOD
 GOOD ENVIRONMENT
 GOOD READING HELPS YOU TO BE WELL
INFORMED
 HABIT TO SAY BIG “NO” TO BAD
TEMPTATION
 THINK ALWAYS POSITIVE

66. I WILL BE
ASSERTIVE
AND
POSITIVE

67. When the self is the friend of the self,
It is the greatest friend.
But when the self is the enemy of the self,
It is the greatest enemy.
THANKS !