about Organizational Behaviour

1. Attitudes and Job Satisfaction
Summary:
Attitudes are evaluative statements-either favorable or unfavorable-about objects, peoples or events.
When I say “I like my job” I am expressing my attitude about work. Attitudes are complex. Early
research on attitudes assumed that they were casually related to the behavior of the person. We each
have thousands of attitudes but OB focuses attention on a very limited number of work-related
attitudes.
There are three main components of attitude: Cognitive component is the opinion or belief segment
of an attitude. Affective component is the emotional or feelings segment of an attitude. Behavioral
component is the intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.
Some major job attitudes are: Job satisfaction is a positive feeling about ones job resulting from an
evolution of its characteristics. Job involvement is the degree to which a person identifies with a job
actively participates in it and considers performance important to self-worth. Another closely related
concept to job involvement is Psychological empowerment where employees belief that in the
degree which they affect their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their job,
and their perceived autonomy in their work.
An organization is also committed to their employees in three different and separate dimensions.
Organizational commitment is the degree to which an employee identifies with a particular
organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization. The three separate
dimensions of organizational commitment are: Affective commitment it is an emotional attachment
to an organization and a belief in its values. Continuance commitment is the commitment to the
employees for perceived economic value of remaining with an organization compared with leaving it.
Normative commitment is an obligation to remain with an organization for moral or ethical reasons.
Employee’s engagement: An individual’s involvement with satisfaction with and enthusiasm for the
work he or she does.
The impact of satisfied and dissatisfied employees on the work place. What happened when
employees like or dislike their jobs? Their responses are as follows:
Exit: It is a response where direct behavior towards leaving the organization it also includes looking
for a new position as well as resigning.
Voice: It is a response that includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions,
including suggestions, improvements, discussions, problems and sometime also includes the solutions
for them.
Loyalty: It is a response that means passive but optimistically waiting for conditions to improve,
including speaking up for the organization in the face of external criticism ad trusting the
organization and its management to “do the right things”.
Neglect: This response passively allows conditions to worsen and includes chronic absenteeism or
lateness, reduce efforts and increased error rate.