1. Human Resource
People are a nation’s ultimate resource
Its people who makes natural things into useful resources
Thus it can be summarized that when people use their
intelligence, naturally available things turn into useful resources.
So HUMAN BEINGS are also resources.

2. Healthy, educated and motivated people develop resources as
per their requirements.
Human resource is not distributed equally all over the world.
Humans vary in their age, educational levels and sex.

3. The way in which people are spread across the
globe is known as the PATTERN OF
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION.

4. More than 90% of the world’s population lives in about
10% of the land surface.
The distribution of population is uneven on the globe.

5. The crowded areas of the globe are,
South and Southeast Asia
Europe
Northeastern North America

6. Population is less in,
High latitude areas
Deserts
High mountains
Equatorial forests

7. Population is more in Northern
Hemisphere than in Southern

8. Almost 3/4 of the world population lives
in only 2 continents.
ASIA and
AFRICA

9. World’s most populous countries are:
China
India
USA
Indonesia
Brazil
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Russia
Nigeria
Japan

10. Density of Population
Population density is the number
of people living in a unit area of
the Earth’s surface.
Average density of population in India is 324 persons
per Square Km
Density of population in Karnataka is 275.6 persons per
Square Km

11. Factors affecting Distribution of population
Topography
Climate
Soil
Water
Minerals

12. Factors affecting Distribution of population
Social
Areas of better housing, education and
health facilities are densely populated.
Cultural
Places with religious and cultural
significance attract people.

13. VaranasiJerusale
m

14. Economic
Industrial areas provide the people with
employment opportunities
Osaka,
Japan

15. Population Change
Population change refers to the change in
number of people during a specific time.
Population change takes place as a
result of births and deaths.

16. Until the 1800s, the
population of the world
grew steadily but slowly.
Large no. of babies were born, but
they died early because of poor
health services
So, the population increase was very
less.

17. In 1820, the world’s population reached 1
billion
After a hundred and fifty years later, in
1970s, it touched 3 billion
This sudden increase in population in a
short span of time is called POPULATION
EXPLOSION

18. After less than 30 years, in 1999, it
touched 6 billion
This kind of sudden increase in population
was a result of better food supplies and
medicine all over the world and reduce in
infant mortality rates.

19. The natural causes of population change
are BIRTHS and DEATHS.
The difference between birth rate and
death rate is called NATURAL GROWTH
OF POPULATION

20. Birth Rate
The number of live births per 1000 people
is called BIRTH RATE
Death Rate
The number of deaths per 1000 people is
called DEATH RATE