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ENV 100T Week 1 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
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ENV 100T Week 1 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam In this
graded assignment, you are assessed on the content
covered in this weeks’ readings, activities, and
assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that
you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-
Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam.
Click on the Assignments link in WileyPLUS to access
the Week 1 Exam. Complete the Week 1 Exam covering
this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 1: The
Environmental Challenges We Face  Ch. 2:
Sustainability and Human Values  Ch. 3:
Environmental History, Politics, and Policy Note: Work
submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward
attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week
in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from

the course. Question 1 What is the environmental
significance of the process of ―consumption‖?
Consumption can outstrip the natural resources available
and lead to overexploitation of the environment.
Extravagant consumption can create an environment of
raising one’s status among peers. The process of
consumption is an economic act, providing the ―demand‖
necessary for the ―supply‖ of the environment.
Consumption can generate economic growth that relies
significantly on the importation of natural resources,
which benefits the environments of less-developed
countries. Question 2 Which of the following describes
the relationship among population growth, consumption
of natural resources, and environmental degradation?
When individual demands on natural resources are far
greater than the requirements for survival, people in
affluent nations deplete resources and degrade the global
environment through increased consumption of
nonessential items to satisfy their desires. Rapid
population growth does not overwhelm and deplete a
country’s soils, forests, and other natural resources when
the amount of resources essential to an individual’s
survival is small. Rate of resource consumption affects
the environment far less that the explosion in population.

There is no relationship between population growth,
consumption of natural resources, and environmental
degradation. Question 3 Non-renewable resource is to
renewable resource as living is to non-living. limited
supply is to sustainable supply. tree is to coal. wind
energy is to fossil fuel energy. Question 4 Examples of
non-sustainable human activities or behaviors include:
recycling attempts to limit human population growth
using technology to improve car mileage use of non-
renewable fossil fuels Question 5 In the scientific method,
a hypothesis is a statement of fact makes a prediction that
can be tested is usually proven to be correct can only be
tested once Question 6 A state agency has contacted you
to do a scientific assessment of kudzu in a nature preserve
in southern Georgia. They are concerned about the effects
of the non-native invasive vine on a small rare plant that
grows on the forest floor in the preserve, but which is
found nowhere else in the state. Kudzu is only growing in
the east side of the preserve because it hasn’t yet had time
to invade further. In order to assess the effects of kudzu
on the rare plant, you set up the following experiment:
Site 1. On the east side of the park with the kudzu, you set
up ten 1m × 1m plots on the forest floor. In each plot you
count the number of individuals of the rare plant. Site 2.

On the west side of the park without the kudzu, you set up
ten 1m × 1m plots of the forest floor. In each plot you
count the number of individuals of the rare plant. Which
of the following represents the hypothesis that you are
testing with this experiment? Kudzu will eventually grow
on the west side of the park. Kudzu will kill off the trees
in the preserve by strangling them. Kudzu should be
removed from the preserve because it is killing the rare
plant. Kudzu is negatively affecting populations of the
rare plant in the preserve. Question 7 All of the following
statements describe environmental science EXCEPT: The
goal of environmental science is to try to establish general
principles about how the natural world functions.
Environmental scientists seek to develop viable solutions
to environmental problems that are based as much as
possible on scientific knowledge. Since environmental
problems are generally complex and scientific
understanding of them is often less complete,
environmental scientists are often called on to reach
scientific consensus before the data are complete. No
exceptions, all of the above statements describe
environmental science. Question 8 Community members
bring information, preferences, and goals that must be
incorporated into a policy decisions during which of the

five stages of solving an environmental problem?
Scientific assessment Risk analysis Public engagement
Political consideration Long term environmental
management Question 9 What is deep ecology
worldview? A radical anthropocentric worldview. A
worldview based on the idea that all species have equal
worth. An idea that resource consumption is unethical. An
expansionist worldview. Question 10 Sustainable human
activities or behaviors include all of the following
EXCEPT: identifying strategies for recycling natural
resources. working to limit human population growth.
developing technologies to improve car mileage.
promoting consumption to improve quality of life.
Question 11 The issue that racial and ethnic minorities
face unusually high exposure to environmental hazards is
a central argument to: racial prejudice environmental
justice voluntary simplicity phytoremediation Question 12
What worldview does this photograph BEST represent? A
deep ecology worldview. A sustainable consumption
worldview. A western worldview. Any environmental
worldview. Question 13 Which of the following interact
to promote sustainable development? 1 Economically
viable decisions 2 Socially equitable decisions 3
Environmentally sound decisions 4 High rate of resources

use 5 Rapid population growth 1 and 3 2 and 4 1, 2, and 3
3, 4, and 5 1, 4, and 5 Question 14 What does the image
below represent and how does it relate to designing
sustainable cities? Residents of squatter community, like
this one, must be evicted in order to achieve the goal of
making cities more sustainable. Comparing the squatter
community in the foreground to the skyscrapers in the
back shows how a city can be transformed when
sustainable city design is embraced as a goal for re-
development. Squatter communities, due to their lower
resource consumption, should be left unchanged as living
in such conditions is compatible with the goals of
sustainable living. Squatter settlements should be
improved to provide basic service such as clean water to
drink, sewage treatment, and garbage pickup so as to
provide a better quality of life for the poorest of the poor.
Question 15 Environmental sustainability implies: the
actions of humans directly impact the wellbeing of the
natural environment future generations will have the
resources necessary for quality of life the environment
can function indefinitely without going into a decline
from the stresses imposed by human society on natural
systems all of these choices Question 16 A deep ecology
worldview would support all of the following EXCEPT:

Nonhuman life forms have value that is independent of
the usefulness they may have for narrow human purposes.
The richness and diversity of life contribute to the
flourishing of life on Earth and humans have no right to
reduce this richness and diversity except to satisfy vital
needs. The inherent responsibility of individuals to
implement changes in society so that humans can flourish.
A spiritual respect for life reflected in appreciating quality
of life rather than adhering to a high standard of living.
Question 17 What does the diagram below illustrate? EIS
NEPA NIMBY Kyoto Protocol Question 18 Pollution is
considered an external cost because; it has a harmful
effect borne only by people who purchased the product
that caused it. its cost to the environment is not reflected
in the price of the product that produces it. it has a
significant impact on the consumer’s decision to buy the
product that causes it. it is a hidden cost that would
increase demand if the consumer were aware of it.
Question 19 Which of the following definitions best
describes an environmentalist? A lawyer who works on
environmental law. Writers who write about the
environmental impact of corporate America. Someone
who is concerned about the environment. A scientist who
studies the interactions of plants and animals. Question 20

All of the following are examples of conservation
EXCEPT: Phoenicians terraced hilly farmland to prevent
soil erosion Americans set aside areas as national parks to
maintain them in a pristine state Greeks practiced crop
rotation to maintain yields on farmland English regulated
the number of sheep that can graze in a particular field
Question 21 Which of the following is NOT considered in
determining net domestic product? GDP population size
natural capital profit from use of natural resources
Question 22 Whose name is associated with the concept
of the land ethic and in which book did he make this
argument? George Perkins Marsh in Man and Nature
Henry David Thoreau in Walden John Muir in The
Yosemite Aldo Leopold in Sand County Almanac
Question 23 Laws that impose rules and regulations and
set limits of pollution are called: command and control.
environmental impact statements. legislative documents.
legislative directives. Question 24 According to the graph
below: As more and more pollution is eliminated from the
environment, the cost of removing each additional unit of
pollution decreases. As more and more pollution is
eliminated from the environment, the cost of removing
each additional unit of pollution increases. Cost of
pollution removal is constant regardless of how polluted

an area is. Cost of pollution is relative to the type of
pollution. Question 25 What is the BEST definition of
conservation? Setting aside land and natural resources.
Careful management of land and resources. Using land
and natural resources based on current needs. Protecting
land and natural resources from human activity.
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ENV 100T Week 1-5 All Wileyplus Exams
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covered in this week’s readings, activities, and
Complete the Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
covering this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 5: How
Ecosystems Work  Ch. 6: Ecosystems and Evolution 
Ch. 7: Human Population Change and the

Environment Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS does
not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two
times each week in the online classroom to avoid being
auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 Which of the
following processes plays an important role in the
phosphorus cycle? erosion nitrogen fixation combustion
cellular respiration Question 2 Your answer is correct.
The nitrogen cycle is one of the most important and
complex of the biogeochemical cycles. Why is nitrogen
important? It’s an Ozone depleting gas It’s an essential
part of biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic
acids (DNA) It’s the most toxic element to living
organisms Nitrogen dilutes the oxygen in the atmosphere
causing respiratory problems Question 3 What is
landscape ecology? the study of human-designed
communities. the study of the influences of pollution on
natural ecosystems. a science exclusively concerned with
terrestrial ecosystems. the study of the connections among
various ecosystems. Question 4 Which of the following
statements is TRUE? Predation only favors the predator
with the evolution of more efficient ways to catch prey.
Predation only favors the prey with the evolution of more
efficient ways to escape predators. Predation exerts a
selective force on the prey, favoring characteristics that

reduce the probability of capture. Predation exerts a
selective force on the predator, favoring characteristics
that reduce the probability of prey capture. Question 5
What do we call an area of land that runoff drains into?
watershed estuary groundwater niche Question 6 How
would an ecologist classify both the animals shown
below? decomposers primary consumers producers
carnivores Question 7 Nitrogen gas accounts for what
percentage of the atmosphere? 0.03% 1% approximately
50% 78% Question 8 What is an organism’s role, or
lifestyle, within the structure of an ecosystem called?
habitat. trophic level. symbiotic relationship. ecological
niche. Question 9 What biome is most likely to have the
following temperature and rainfall profile? savanna boreal
forest tropical rainforest temperate deciduous forests
Question 10 Which of the following statements about
wildfires is TRUE? They are always damaging for natural
environments. They release nutrient minerals that were
locked in dry organic material. They encourage the
growth of shade-resistant plants. They result in the
destruction of the underground stems and buds of grasses.
Question 11 Individuals within a population each have a
unique combination of traits, which is known as: Genetic
variation. Reproductive capacity. Evolution. Differential

reproductive success. Question 12 Where would you
expect to find the littoral zone of a lake? Shallow water
area along the shore Open water area farther from shore
with enough sunlight for photosynthesis Deepest known,
where light typically does not penetrate effectively
Bottom region where organisms tend to attach themselves
to one spot Question 13 Which of the following biomes
has the HIGHEST biodiversity? boreal forest temperate
grassland temperate rain forest tropical rain forest
Question 14 Which of the following organizational
hierarchies is correct? ecosystem landscape community
biome biome community landscape ecosystem
community ecosystem landscape biome landscape
community ecosystem biome Question 15 Which of the
following organisms would be members of a pioneer
community on bare rock? grass lichens shrubs ferns
Question 16 Which of the following does NOT apply to
freshwater wetlands? Anaerobic conditions Accumulation
of organic material Water-tolerant vegetation Drought
resistant plants Question 17 What are the three main
ecological categories of organisms found in aquatic
ecosystems? plankton, nekton, fish plankton, benthos,
littoral plankton, nekton, benthos benthos, mangal, littoral
Question 18 Compact development in urban areas

benefits the environment in all of the following ways
EXCEPT: by reversing the trend towards urbanization. by
reducing air pollution. by preserving rural areas. by
increasing open space. Question 19 Which factors
eventually cause birth rates to decline during a
demographic transition? Birth rates decline due to
improved health care and modern medicines. Birth rates
decline due to increased education of women. Birth rates
decline due to increased contraceptive use. All of these
choices ultimately contribute to declining birth rates.
Question 20 How do demographers typically measure
mortality (death) rate? deaths per 1000 persons per year.
deaths per person per year. the number of children who
die per year. the total number of deaths per generation.
Question 21 Which of the following statements about the
graph shown is TRUE? Only Nigeria’s population growth
rate is increasing. China’s and Brasil’s fertility rate is
below replacement level fertility. Only Egypt’s fertility
rate is above replacement level fertility. Mexico and
Brazil are both below replacement level fertility. Question
22 Why are high fertility rates generally prevalent in
developing countries? Children contribute to the family’s
livelihood. Children must care for aging parents. Male
children are culturally more desirable, so families

continue to have children until male children are born. All
of the choices. Question 23 Which of the following
statements about population ecology is TRUE?
Population ecology only deals with declining populations
that are in need of intervention in order to survive.
Population ecology focuses on individuals and their
interactions, but not the abiotic environment. Population
ecology attempts to explain how and why the number of
individuals in a given area changes over time. Population
ecology is not important to scientists in applied
disciplines, such as wildlife management. Question 24
What is the cause of global human population growth
over the last 200 years? Higher birth rate Higher
fecundity rate Increase in immigration Lower death rate
Question 25 What can be interpreted for the following
two graphs regarding literacy and fertility rates? In
general, there are more illiterate men than women. The
total number of children a woman has during her life is
affected by her education – the more educated a woman
is, the greater the number of children she has. Almost
70% of Bangladeshi women and 50% of Bangladeshi men
are able to read and write. Based on the connection
between education and fertility rates, one would predict
that the fertility rate in Mexico would be lower than the

fertility rate in Ethiopia as literacy rates are higher in
Mexico.
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covered in this week’s readings, activities, and
Test learning activities prior to completing this exam.
Complete the Week 3 Exam covering this week’s
assigned readings:  Ch. 12: Mineral and Soil Resources
 Ch. 13: Land Resources Ch. 14: Agriculture and

Food Resources Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS
does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least
two times each week in the online classroom to avoid
being auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 Which of
the following statements about nutrient cycling is TRUE?
Bacteria and fungi are involved in nutrient cycling as they
decompose detritus transforming large organic molecules
into small inorganic molecules, including carbon dioxide,
water, and nutrient minerals like nitrates. Nutrient cycling
is the pathway of various nutrient minerals or elements
from the environment through organisms and back to the
environment. Nonliving processes are also involved in
nutrient cycling, such as the weathering of the parent
material replaces some nutrient minerals lost through
erosion. All of the above statements are true about
nutrient cycling. Question 2 What is the MAIN
requirement of reclaiming land degraded by any type of
mining operation? To restore them to the same type of
ecosystem that existed before mining began on that site.
To stabilize the soil so that further degradation does not
occur. To create areas for housing subdivisions. To
comply with federal law. Question 3 Which minerals
would be used to make the following products? A = zinc;
B = gypsum A = molybdenum; B = sulfur A = mercury; B

= potassium A = nickel; B = magnesium Question 4
Subduction occurs: when one tectonic plate slides
underneath another. due to mining activities. because of
the Coriolis effect. on the leeward side of a mountain.
Question 5 Planting the same crop year after year:
increases damage by insects and disease. decreases soil
erosion. does not deplete essential nutrients from the soil.
will slowly increase crop yields. Question 6 The TWO
main reasons that certain areas are not suitable for
agriculture are: soil is too dry and soil has chemical
problems (e.g. salinization) soil is too shallow and soil is
too wet soil is too wet and soil is too dry soil is frozen and
soil has chemical problems (e.g. salinization) Question 7
Why does this soil have no O-horizon? The O- horizon
has been plowed under for agriculture. Considerable
leaching has eliminated the O- horizon. Soil erosion has
eliminated the O- horizon. Forest soils like this one have
no O-horizon. Question 8 Which of the following
statements about soil is NOT TRUE? Soil consists of
mineral and organic matter modified by the natural
actions of agents such as weather, wind, water, and
organisms. Soil formation is a continuous process that
takes a long time, sometimes thousands of years, both
because the process of rock disintegrating into fine

mineral particles is slow, and time is also required for
organic material to accumulate in the soil. An area’s
terrain influences soil formation — steep slopes
encourage soil formation and accumulation while valleys
discourage the formation of deep soils. Minerals, the main
component of soil, provide anchorage and essential
nutrient minerals for plants, as well as pore space for
water and air. Question 9 Increased soil erosion may be
caused by all of the following EXCEPT: construction of
buildings. construction of roads. construction of
shelterbelts. clearcutting large forested areas. Question 10
Sustainable forestry: seeks to conserve forests for the
long-term commercial harvest of timber and non-timber
forest products by maintaining a mix of forest trees, by
age and species, rather than imposing a monoculture. due
to the complexity of goals, is most effective when it
involves cooperation among environmentalists, loggers,
farmers, indigenous peoples, and local, state, and federal
governments. approaches vary from one forest ecosystem
to another, in response to different environmental,
cultural, and economic conditions. is all of the above.
Question 11 The area shown in the photograph below is
an example of: clear cutting contour farming monoculture
selective cutting Question 12 How are wilderness areas

different from national parks? Only wilderness areas
contain large populations of predators like wolves or
grizzly bears. No human development is allowed in
wilderness areas. Except for research purposes, people are
not allowed to visit wilderness areas. Wilderness areas
allow grazing and some timber removal. Question 13 In
the US land is managed by four government agencies, of
which the ___ is the only one NOT in the Department of
the Interior. National Park Service U.S. Forest Service
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bureau of Land
Management Question 14 A legal agreement that protects
privately owned rangelands, forests or other property
from development for a specified number of years is
termed: a public rangeland. a national park. a
conservation easement. a wildlife corridor. Question 15
Which of the following is NOT a way to slow
deforestation? By replanting trees. By managing
commercial logging operations. By promoting additional
slash-and-burn agricultural practices. By discouraging
plantation style agriculture of crops like bananas and palm
oil. Question 16 Federally owned land encompasses all of
the following EXCEPT: land that that contains important
resources such as minerals and fossil fuels land that
possesses historical or cultural significance land that

provides critical biological habitat no exceptions, all of
the above are examples of federally owned land Question
17 Habitat corridors are intended to provide: additional
habitat fragmentation. increase in species richness within
forest monocultures. a means for controlling insect pests
and invasive species. a means of migration so animals can
interbreed. Question 18 Subsistence agricultural practices
are characterized by all of the following attributes except
use of manure as fertilizer. use of draft animals for labor
source. water and fossil fuel energy conservation. high
crop yield per acre. limited use of agrochemicals.
Question 19 One of the problems associated with the
―green revolution‖ is that not enough food is produced for
developing countries. it is confined to highly developed
countries. it makes developing countries dependent on
high-energy consuming imported technologies. it has
been rejected by developing countries due to conflicts
with customary practices. technology is not advanced
enough to make it cost effective. Question 20 Pesticides
are effective in decreasing the cost of subsistence
farming. increasing the crop damage due to competition
with weeds. small concentrations but not in large
concentrations. controlling some organisms that cause
diseases in humans. attracting particular insects to an area.

Question 21 The move away from using techniques that
produce high yield and toward methods that focus on
long-term sustainability of the soil is known as habitat
fragmentation. subsistence agriculture. industrialized
agriculture. the green revolution. the second green
revolution. Question 22 Which of the following is not a
problem associated with industrial agriculture? soil
erosion depletion of fossil fuels disposal of livestock
wastes habitat fragmentation none, these are all problems
associated with industrial agriculture Question 23 Which
of the following uses of pesticide can lead to ecological
imbalance? pesticides alter the genetic resistance in
populations causing the pests to persist. pesticides kill
prey thereby causing predators to starve or migrate. Then
the prey population rebounds larger than before since
predators are gone. bioaccumulation of pesticides in
animal tissue can lead to extinction of species. pesticides
show mobility, moving other than where they were
applied inadvertently killing non-pest organisms. all of
the above. Question 24 The decline of Peregrine falcons
in the United States due to the use of DDT is an example
of? biological magnification bioaccumulation genetic
resistance green revolution biological resistance Question
25 Which type of pesticide has fewer deleterious

environmental effects? Why? narrow-spectrum pesticide
because it focuses on killing specific organisms narrow-
spectrum pesticide because it stays exactly where it is
sprayed broad-spectrum pesticide because it moves
around the environment to reach all potential pests broad-
spectrum pesticide because insects cannot develop
resistance to it neither broad and narrow-spectrum
pesticides have deleterious environmental effects
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the Week 4 Exam. Complete the Week 4 WileyPLUS
Weekly Exam covering this week’s assigned readings: 
Ch. 8: Air and Air Pollution Ch. 9: Global and
Atmospheric Changes  Ch. 10: The Ocean and
Fisheries  Ch. 16: Solid and Hazardous Wastes Note:
Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward
attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week
in the online classroom to avoid being auto-dropped from
the course. Question 1 Smaller cars, removal of sulfur
from coal, and cooler combustion temperatures are
examples of ways to: reduce the total amount of
pollutants produced. reduce total amounts of pollutants
after they are produced. conserve energy. reduce CFC
production. Question 2 Why did lead pollution decrease
significantly after the creation of the Clean Air Act? Lead
is now removed from coal before it is used as fuel.
Electrostatic precipitators mandated by the Clean Air Act
have greatly decreased the amount of lead being emitted
from smokestacks. Catalytic converters in cars greatly
reduce the amount of lead emitted. Leaded gasoline was

outlawed. Question 3 Electrostatic precipitators use
electrical charges to attract and track what pollutants?
Ozone. Particulates. Sulfur oxides. Nitrogen oxides.
Question 4 Which other indoor air pollutant increases the
risk of radon-related cancers? Formaldehyde from carpets
and furniture. Tobacco smoke from cigarettes. Para-
dichlorobenzene from moth balls and air fresheners.
Nitrogen oxides from unvented gas stoves. Question 5
The National Academy of Sciences estimate 12% of all
lung cancers are related to radioactivity caused by which
of the following? The burning of coal. Nuclear power
plants. Residual atmospheric radiation related to nuclear
weapons testing. Natural emissions that occur as uranium
breaks down. Question 6 Why are illnesses from indoor
air pollution often overlooked? They resemble common
ailments like colds or flu. They usually result long after
exposure. They only occur in developing countries. They
are easily controlled using modern healthcare. Question 7
What helps maintain global oxygen concentrations in the
troposphere? Oxygen levels remain balanced by
photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis
replaces oxygen loss to air pollutants like NOx, SOx, and
ozone. The burning of fossil fuels since the Industrial
Revolution has helped maintain oxygen concentrations in

the atmosphere. Excess oxygen is broken down by ozone
in the upper atmosphere. Question 8 Which of the
following activities is responsible for the largest
percentage of human-made carbon dioxide emissions?
burning fossil fuels deforestation ozone depletion acid
deposition agriculture Question 9 Although widespread
thermometer records have only been kept since the mid-
19th century, scientists can reconstruct historical
temperature data in the following ways except: tree ring
analysis air bubbles in ancient ice ocean sediment
fossilized dinosaur bones Question 10 Which of the
following activities will not mitigate global climate?
developing energy alternatives like wind and solar
switching to hybrid cars planting and maintaining forests
eating more beef Question 11 The figure reflects the
differences in how sunlight strikes the Earth at different
places. Which of the statements below can be inferred
from this diagram? 1. Desk lamp A represents the vertical
angle of the sun at the equator showing that sunlight is
more concentrated here. 2. Desk lamp B represents the
oblique angle of the sun at the equator showing that there
is a larger area over which the sun shines. 3. Desk lamps
A and B represent the possible different angles of the sun
striking the northern hemisphere in the summer

depending on how the Earth’s axis tilts – A means a
hotter summer, B means a cooler one. 1 only 2 only 3
only 1 & 2 only Question 12 What can be interpreted
from the following graph? 1. The graph shows that the
Earth’s surface temperatures do naturally fluctuate. 2. The
graph shows that there has been a warming trend in the
last several decades. 1 only 2 only 1 & 2 None of these
choices Question 13 What is the fate of solar radiation
that reaches the Earth? Most solar radiation is absorbed
by gases in the atmosphere. Most solar radiation is
reflected by snow, ice, and light colored land. Most solar
radiation is absorbed by the land and ocean. An equal
amount of solar radiation is absorbed by land, air, and
water as is reflected back into space. Question 14 The
area of land drained by a single river or stream is called:
cisterns. aquifer. watershed. reservoirs. Question 15 What
is probably the BEST way for industry to reduce water
waste? Decrease industrial production Increased irrigation
use Switching to dry production of industrial goods Reuse
and recycle wastewater on site Question 16 Which of the
following is NOT an example of nonpoint source
pollution? Agricultural runoff Erosion from logging
operations Acid mine drainage Sewage treatment plant
effluent Question 17 What is the major difference in the

fate of precipitation after urbanization? Evaporation and
transpiration decreases. Surface runoff increases. Ground
water infiltration decreases. All of these choices. Question
18 Three-fourths of the world’s 200 major watersheds are
shared between at least ___ nations. two three four five
Question 19 The area bordering a river channel that has
the potential to flood is called: wetland drainage basin
floodplain recharge zone Question 20 Plastics pose a
special problem for sanitary landfills because 1. plastics
are the most rapidly accumulated component of municipal
solid waste. 2. plastics attract harmful microorganisms
and bacteria to the landfill. 3. plastics move upward to
the surface creating a fire hazard. 4.most plastics are
chemically stable and do not readily decompose. 1 only 2
only 3 only 4 only 1 and 4 Question 21 Integrated Waste
Management is a set of waste disposal alternatives that
include all of the following except incineration.
composting. sanitary landfill. relocation of waste to
developing nations. reuse. Question 22 What is an
economic benefit of recycling? use of energy and
generation of pollution for curbside collection increase
use of sanitary landfill generates jobs and revenues from
selling of recycled products use of natural resources in
reprocessing materials recycling has no economic benefit

Question 23 What is the Superfund National Priorities
List? the federal inventory of green chemistry locations
the existing hazardous waste sites that pose the greatest
threat to public health federally approved locations for the
long-term storage of toxic chemicals current policy on
how to handle chemical accidents a list of bodies of water
in the U.S. that have not been polluted Question 24 The
term for crushed glass containers destined to be melted
and reused to manufacture new products is ___. scrap
dioxin leachate slag cullet Question 25 Integrated waste
management refers to dilution and dispersal of chemicals.
use of federal lands for hazardous waste disposal. a
combination of source reduction, reuse, recycling,
composting. Landfills and incineration. uniting municipal
and nonmunicipal waste management programs. using
incineration as a single technique for waste disposal.
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graded assignment you are assessed on the content
the Week 5 Exam. Complete the Week 5 Exam covering
this week’s assigned readings:  Ch. 17:
Nonrenewable Energy Resources  Ch. 18: Renewable
Energy Resources Note: Work submitted in WileyPLUS
does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least
two times each week in the online classroom to avoid
being auto-dropped from the course. Question 1 Nuclear
energy is released by splitting two electrons. by joining a
proton with a neutron. by breaking a chemical bond
between two atoms. by splitting an atomic nucleus into
two smaller fragments. by combustion of uranium ore.
Question 2 What is the function of the device diagramed
below? to maintain a constant temperature for U-235. to

control the fission chain reaction to produce energy for
electricity. to store spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors
for at least 40 years. to filter CO2 generated by the fission
of U-235 nuclei. a reservoir for enriching U-235.
Question 3 All of the following statements are true about
surface mining except Strip mining is an example of
surface mining. It accounts for 60% of the coal mined in
the U.S. Surface mining is the most hazardous type of
mining for workers. Surface mining is a less expensive
mining process than subsurface mining. Mountaintop
removal is an example of surface mining. Question 4
What is a major issue with the type of mining illustrated
below? fluidized-bed combustion acid precipitation risk
of earthquakes safety risk to mine employees land
degradation Question 5 What is a critical difference
between surface and subsurface mining? Surface mining
is more expensive than subsurface mining Surface mining
is above ground; subsurface mining is below ground
Surface mining causes less environmental damage than
subsurface mining Subsurface mining creates acid mine
drainage; surface mining does not Subsurface mining has
the potential for dangerous landslides; surface mining has
the potential for cave-ins Question 6 What legislation
provides incentives for utility companies to convert to

clean coal technologies? Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 Superfund
National Priorities Act of 2007 Question 7 What is acid
mine drainage? pollution caused when rainwater seeps
through iron sulfide minerals exposed in mine wastes
photochemical reactions between particulates and water
vapor residue from sulfur and nitrogen compounds found
in coal dust acid precipitation caused by emissions from
burning coal a low pH fuel that is synthesized from
natural gas Question 8 Which of the following activities is
mismatched with its environmental consequence? surface
mining: acid mine drainage polluting rivers coal-burning
electric plants: acid deposition destroying forests
mountaintop removal mining: mine tailings and debris
filling valleys strip mining: oil spills killing wildlife
burning fossil fuels: release of CO2, a potent greenhouse
gas Question 9 Which of the following is an example of
high-level radioactive waste? glassware giving off small
amounts of ionizing radiation paper contaminated by
radioactivity reactor coolant fluid lab coat used in an area
where radioactive material is present filters from

sampling devices that test for radioactive contamination
Question 10 Mountaintop removal is an example of ___
mining. subsurface surface shaft combustion integrated
Question 11 Negative environmental impacts from oil and
natural gas production may occur due to release of oxides
in combustion emissions. accidental spills at extraction
sites and during transport. erosion and landslides during
withdrawal of resources. improper storage and disposal of
spent fuel. unintentional release of methane into
atmosphere. Question 12 What does the Oil Pollution Act
of 1990 legislate for environmental disasters such as the
one pictured below? hazardous pay for clean-up workers
tidal barriers to help prevent the spread of oil slicks a
remediation protocol for impacted wildlife populations
requires that, by 2015, oil be transported by land and not
sea a trust fund that pays to clean up oil spills when the
responsible party cannot Question 13 Tidal energy cannot
become a significant resource worldwide because the
accompanying tidal waves cause too much environmental
destruction. the equipment required to harness this energy
is not yet. few areas have large enough differences in
water level between high and low tides to make power
generation feasible. sand damages the equipment. tidal
energy can become a significant resource worldwide.

Question 14 The best example of an energy storage
element in a solar energy system is the natural gas in a
propane tank that can be used for cooking. structural
overhang that blocks sunlight in a passively cooled home.
insulated windows in a passively heated solar home. hot
water tank of a solar hot water system. sun-tracking
mirrors in a power tower system. Question 15
Photovoltaic systems are characterized by all of the
following except directly converting sunlight into
electricity. minimal maintenance. producing no pollution.
functioning on cloudy or rainy days. minimal space
requirement for large-scale use. Question 16 Which of the
following is a good energy efficiency practice for those
with existing homes? replace the existing insulation with
a higher quality product. board up windows on the north,
east and west sides of the house. install a gas-burning
fireplace in the family room. pour a concrete foundation
between the ground and subfloor of the home. dial down
the water heater’s thermostat to knock 3-5 percent off
your energy bill. Question 17 Which of the following is
more efficient (90%) than any other energy source for
producing electricity? hydropower wind energy
photovoltaic passive solar geothermal Question 18 Which
of the following biomass energy sources is incorrectly

matched with its biofuel product? sugar cane: alcohol oil
used to make French fries: biodiesel clay: biogas manure:
methane wood: charcoal Question 19 Problems associated
with large hydropower dams and reservoirs include all of
the following except relocation of peoples’ homes.
ecosystem destruction. loss of biodiversity. air pollution.
disruption of fish migration. Question 20 All of the
following are disadvantages of photovoltaic solar cell
technology except the manufacturing process requires
toxic industrial chemicals. the amount of land needed to
hold the number of solar panels required for large-scale
use. each panel’s low efficiency at converting solar
energy to electricity. the steadily increasing
manufacturing cost per watt over the last 35 years. the
carbon dioxide emissions that contribute to greenhouse
gases. Question 21 Electric meters can run backward for
homeowners participating in net metering. What does this
mean? homeowners receive meter credit for excess
energy they generate and supply to the utility’s power
grid the up front costs for installing renewable energy is
recovered by rewinding the home’s electric meter if a
homeowner uses less energy in one month than the
previous month, then the difference is subtracted from the
electric meter homeowners who voluntarily cut back on

air conditioning use are granted an electric credit a radio
controlled electric meter for remote monitoring allows the
utility company to stop the meter during peak demand
periods Question 22 The disadvantages of using wind
energy to generate electricity include all of the following
except windmills kill birds. generation of sulfur dioxide,
carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. degradation of an
area’s scenic beauty. tying up large parcels of land.
distance to urban centers where electricity is most needed.
Question 23 What type of solar energy system is
illustrated below? passive solar heating system
photovoltaic solar cell system solar thermal electric
generation solar-generated hydrogen fuel cell radiant
energy convection solar heating system Question 24 In
rural areas of developing countries, photovoltaic cells are
used for all of the following purposes except charging
batteries. heating hot water heaters. providing
refrigeration for vaccines. grinding grain. pumping water.
Question 25 Which of the following best describes how
this geothermal heat pump works? the pressure of hot
water from a deep well turns a turbine and generates
electricity. steam separated from hot water pumped from
underground turns a turbine and generates electricity.
water is transferred from a deep well to a coil exposed to

solar radiation to heat the water sufficiently to generate
steam, which turns a turbine and generates electricity. a
pipe with heated oil is sent deep into Earth to initiate a
volcanic eruption then is tapped so that the energy can be
used to generate electricity. water is transferred from a
deep well into a hot water tank, which is kept at a
constant temperature by combustion of natural gas.
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