Presentation by Christopher Mutungi about the activities and achievements of the post harvest management team in the Africa RISING - NAFAKA project during the 2017/18 season. This presentation was made at the the annual review and planning meeting for the Africa RISING - NAFAKA project on 26 - 27 June 2018.

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REDUCING FOOD WASTE AND SPOILAGE THROUGH POSTHARVEST
MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES AND ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2017/18
CHRISTOPHER MUTUNGI, AUDIFAS GASPAR, ADEBAYO ABASS
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE
AFRICA RISING - NAFAKA PROJECT ANNUAL REVIEW AND PLANNING MEETING
26 – 27 JUNE 2018, DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA

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OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Key activities
• Targets & number
reached
• Key results
• Partners & their roles
• Lessons Learned

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INTRODUCTION
• Intervention 2: Reduction of food waste and spoilage
• Intervention 4: Capacity building for better scaling
• Introduce and promote post-harvest management technologies
for maize and legumes to reduce losses and bring quality up to
market standards.

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1. Demonstrate postharvest management technologies
2. Build capacity on grain quality and techniques for quality
control
3. Conduct a preliminary training on household soybean
utilization
4. Link VBAAs/ producer organizations to input suppliers >>
accelerate delivery and uptake of postharvest technologies.
ACTIVITIES 2017/18
Reduction of food waste and spoilage

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Situation & context analysis - training needs assessments
6. Quick scan surveys to understand current knowledge and
training needs of farmers on grain standards
Prepare training materials
7. Reference manuals for grain standards, sampling & quality
assessment.
8. Reference materials on postharvest aflatoxin management.
9. Prepare, translate and pre-test soybean recipe book
ACTIVITIES 2017/18
Reduction of food waste and spoilage
Capacity building for better scaling

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ACCOMPLISHMENT
S
1. SITUATION ANALYSIS: FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF MAIZE/ RICE
QUALITY
District:
Iringa
rural Mbozi Kilolo Mbarali Mvomero Total
Villages 5 8 5 7 7 32
Farmer
(M) 20 25 27 24 18 114 50%
Farmer (F) 23 7 8 25 25 88 38%
Trader (M) 2 11 3 2 4 22 10%
Trader (F) 0 3 0 0 2 5 2%
(Total) 45 46 38 51 49 229
Youth 15 12 8 13 14 62 27%

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ACCOMPLISHMENT
S
FARMERS TREAT GRAIN FOR HOME-USE AND SALE DIFFERENTLY
0
20
40
60
80
Apply
insecticides
Do not apply
insecticides
at all
No
insecticides
if for short
storage
Sort and
store the
undamaged
cobs
Mix
damaged
and
undamaged
cobs
Store in
Hermetic
bags
Percent(n=105)
Maize for home consumption Maize for sale
• Maize stored for sale two times likely to be treated with insecticides
• Maize intended for home consumption was likely to be cleaner

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STORAGE INSPECTION BY FARMERS LIMITED
• 94.6% of maize farmers and 91% of rice farmers not aware of any
formal quality specification or grading systems
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Percent(n=106)
Quality aspects evaluated by farmers during storage inspection
Farmers worried most by presence of
insects or rodents and not so much the
damage they cause!

9. CONCERN FOR QUALITY BY AGGREGATORS AND TRADERS IS LOW
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Percent
Maize quality aspects assessed by aggregators and
traders during purchase
Low concern
for quality!

10. 2. TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPED
• A trainers manual on postharvest
operations and quality specifications
for rice
• Translated into Swahili
• Target group: rice farmers, traders and
processors

11. TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPED
• Briefs on aflatoxins and the post-
harvest management
• Translated into Swahili
• Target group: Maize farmers, traders
and small processors

12. 3. TRAINED EXTENSION STAFF AND PO LEADERS TO TRAIN OTHER FARMERS
• Grain quality parameters
• Sampling and assessment
of quality
• East African grain
standards/ specifications
• Moisture management
• Post-harvest Aflatoxin
management

13. AIMS
1. Enhance food safety by ensuring agreed limits for
contaminants are not exceeded;
2. Improve nutritional value by safe-guarding overall produce
quality;
3. Better grain marketing by enabling producers and buyers to
transparently determine the true worth of produce;
4. Incentivize farmers to adopt improved technologies to improve
quality and reduce losses

15. THE NUMBERS…
Districts POs PO Leaders
Extension staff
(ES)
(M) (F) (M) (F) Total Youth
Momba 20 52 11 16 3 82
Mbozi 28 46 12 9 2 69
Mufindi 13 27 8 5 0 40
Waging’omb
e
10 24 5 7 2
38
Total 71 149 36 37 7 229
Percentage 65.07% 15.72% 16.16% 3.06% 23.00%

16. THE NUMBERS…
District Men Wome
n
Tota
l
Momba 1680 710 2390
Mbozi 1586 939 2525
Mufindi 282 400 682
Waging’omb
e
- - -
Total 3548 2049 5597
Percentage 63.4
%
36.6%

17. 4. TRAINING AND DEMONSTRATION OF
POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGIES
Moisture management - DryCard®
STRIP (Postharvest Innovation Lab –
UC DAVIS).
Hermetic bag storage – “Open
the bag ceremonies” in Mbozi
District

18. THE NUMBERS…
District Technology
Number of
farmers
Women Men youth
Mbozi
Hermetic storage/
Moisture
management
34 10 24 8
Hermetic storage 101 55 46 27
Moisture
management
23 8 15 9
Total 158 73 85 44
46.2% 53.8% 27.8%

19. NUTRITION: PRELIMINARY ToT ON HOUSEHOLD
SOYBEAN UTILIZATION
• A recipe book on utilization of
soybeans for preparation of nutrient-
dense foods developed
• 30 recipes
• Translated into Swahili
• Target group: Households

20. TARGETS AND NUMBERS REACHED
Indicator / Disaggregation Target Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
EG.3-1: (4.5.2-13) Number of households
benefiting directly from USG interventions
(RAA)
2,700 157 229
EG.3.2-1: (4.5.2-7) Number of individuals
who have received USG-supported short-
term agricultural sector productivity or
food security training (RAA) (WOG)
5084 229 5826
EG.3.2-4: (4.5.2-11) Number of for-profit
private enterprises, producers
organizations, water users associations,
women's groups, trade and business
associations, and community based
organizations (CBOs) receiving USG food
security related organizational
development assistance (RAA) (WOG)
240 04 83

21. PARTNERS & ROLES
• NAFAKA: Implementation
• Local Government Authorities: Farmers organization,
logistics, extension services
• COUNSENUTH (Center for Counseling, Nutrition and Health
Care): Nutrition skills and knowledge – soybean utilization
• Tanzania Bureau of Standards: Training materials, grain
standards
• Helvetas Tanzania: Training materials, grain standards
• Postharvest Consult & Capacity Building Co. LTD: Moisture
management tool.

22. PARTNERS & ROLES
• A to Z Textile Mills Limited: Establishing new channels for
supply of hermetic storage bags to the farmers
• Pee Pee (T) Ltd – PICS bag manufacturer: Strengthen
hermetic storage bags supply chain
• Poly Machinery: Supply of machines/spare parts and support
for maintenance and repair services

23. LESSONS LEARNED
Approaches that worked for scaling of postharvest technologies
• Training of extension officers and PO leaders as farmer
trainers worked well but - proper selection is key.
• Training materials for farmers (in addition to trainers
materials) should be factored to guarantee accurate
information transfer to farmers.
• Train PO leaders on farmers training (short session)

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Thank You