3. Sudan – Floods
Heavy rains and flooding incidents reported
in Aj Jazirah, Blue Nile, Gedaref, Khartoum,
North Kordofan, Northern, River Nile,
Sennar, South Darfur, South Kordofan, West
Darfur, and White Nile. Around 62,000
people across the country were affected
with 3,840 homes were destroyed and
7,500 damaged
Central Darfur
North Jebel
Marra
Around 16,000 people displaced due to
conflict in Tawa and Osiji village. Food
considered as one of the priority needs. WFP
reached around 14,000 beneficiaries
North Darfur
Sortony
Clashes between the Sudanese Armed
Forces (SAF) and the Sudan Liberation Army
(SLA) lead to displacing 5,500 people.
Protection is the main concern to displaced
people with a need to speed up assistance
delivery
Humanitarian Situation
Update
4. White Nile
Ar Rawat
Due to conflict there with remain tense
situation, no specific number for displaced
people with some reports indicates that 20
people deaths and around 25 injured.
South Kordofan
Kalogi
Violence incidents across villages in Kalogi
lead to have a total number of 8,406
individuals currently seeking shelter in
many area in SK (i.e. Alrhmaniya, Merefaein,
Hai Um Naeem and other villages
Ethiopia
Tigray
Due to conflict, around 63,000 Refugees in
Sudan since 7 November 2020 and over
46,000 have been biometric registered in
eastern Sudan. Sudan hosts over 1.1 million
refugees from South Sudan, Eritrea, Central
African Republic, Ethiopia and other
countries.
Humanitarian Situation
Update
5. UN Food Systems Pre-Summit
2021
The Pre-Summit of the UN Food
Systems Summit will set the
stage for the culminating global
event in September by bringing
together diverse actors from
around the world to leverage the
power of food systems to deliver
progress on all 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs).
on 16 October 2019 by UN
Secretary-General António
Guterres, the UN Food Systems
Summit, including a Pre-
Summit, was conceived
following conversations with the
joint leadership of the three
Rome-based United Nations
agencies – the Food and
Agriculture Organization, the
International Fund for
Agricultural Development and
the World Food Programme
In partnership with the Government of Italy,
the Pre-Summit take place in Rome from 26–
28 July 2021
7. THE 2021 FOOD SYSTEMS SUMMIT
Developing a resilient, equitable,
sustainable and resilient food
system, leaving no one behind
2nd Dialogue
8. Based on:
1 - SDGs 17
2- Food security pillars
8
Availability
Utilization
Stability
Access
9. Main goal
• To transform food systems to a resilient, equitable, sustainable and
resilient to achieve the SDGs. (leaving no one behind)
• The Food Systems Summit Dialogues are an approach for
enabling systematic, inclusive opportunities for stakeholders to be
engaged in food systems.
Specific objectives;
• Ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all through;
oThis objective will develop game - changing and systemic solutions
to make nutritious foods more available and affordable, and make
food safer.
oReduce malnutrition in all its forms by ensuring access to healthy
diets: (to avoid; stunting and wasting, and under nourishment,
micronutrient deficiencies, and overweight/obesity). 9
10. • Shift to sustainable consumption patterns through;
oProvide an opportunity to share ideas for robust and sustainable
food system.
o Encourage local production for local and safe consumption
oBuild an accurate and up to date information system on food
consumption and nutrition status.
oStrengthening the disaster management capacities.
oStrengthening anti-poverty programmes for enhanced social
protection.
oMeet food storage needs through improving storage facilities.
• Change to nature -positive food production system by;
oProtect and sustainably manage the available resources.
10
11. oRestore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal
challenges effectively and adaptively to climate change and other
shocks, providing human well-being and bio diversified healthy
production.
• Advance equitable livelihoods through;
oPromoting full and productive employment and income generating
activates for all unemployed.
oDecent work for all actors along the food value chain.
oEquality to access economic opportunities and gender equality.
oAddressing the inequitable access to resources and distribution of
value.
• Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress through;
oFollow the systemic and nexus approach and consider all the
resilience interlinked factors that can be influenced by multiple
systems, a variety of sectors and stakeholders, at different levels.
11
12. 12
Council of Ministers
FS Technical Secretariat
Technical Working Groups
FSTS
at the States
State Governor
(Wali)
Related
Councils
13. 13
2/ Transitional Government priorities and achievements;
• Peace agreement
• Lift of sanction from Sudan
• Start of loans removal
• Expected flow of investments
• The transition Government. Commitments
• The institutional document which represent the country priority
3/ Agriculture
• Remains a crucial sector in the economy as a major source of raw
materials, food and foreign exchange.
• The traditional rain-fed sector has occupied an average of 70% of
the total cultivated land and employed more than 70% of the
agricultural population during the last ten years. This sector is
characterized by low
14. • Productivity that is mainly driven by lower technical efficiency, so
introduction of innovation is a crucial demand to maximize the benefit.
• The estimated technical efficiency of crop production in Sudan for 2
main cash crops: sorghum& sesame is 0.65 and 0.72 respectively.
• The recent agricultural policies in the Sudan have focused on
mechanized large‐scale, rainfed agricultural ventures achieving
increased grain production through expansion of the cultivated area
only, not through increased per unit yield.
• A fluctuations in yield (per unit yields of all crops are steadily
decreasing), currently reaching rates far below their genetic potential.
4/ livestock
• Sudan has a livestock wealth of more than (120) million heads,
including poultry, equine and fish.
• The livestock provides supply of' essential foods and contributes to
food diversity.
• Recent growth patterns for major animal herds showing modest growth
of about 0.9% year
14
15. 5/ Forests
• The highest portion of Sudan area lies in the arid Lands (89%).
• Bare lands 8.2%, semi humid lands 2.8%. , rhe vegetation cover decreased to 10.3%.
• Annual deforestation is 2.4%.
• Overgrazing, biomass energy, physical development programs are main drivers of
environmental problems.
6/ Water sources
• Availability of water for drinking and irrigation is recorded but it needs improvement in
quality and quantity.
• Poor secure water sources such as deep boreholes that can be relied on short dry
spells.
7/ The strategic location of Sudan.
8/ A new agriculture and livestock census should be conducted to provide a more realistic
and updated picture of the important sector in the economy of the Sudan.
9/ Adding value to the country’s exportable agricultural commodities is strongly encouraged.
10/ Capacity strengthening support to farmers and agricultural institutions such as post-
harvest management to enhance productivity and resilience.
11/ Diversified livelihood in the country, and vast Lands, waiting!!
15
16. Current Situation
• In Sudan food safety has, until recently, received very little policy
attention and only modest investment in capabilities to manage
risks.
• A National Food Safety Policy (NFSP) 2018 has been drafted by
MoH and approved in 2020; however it has a partial status and
limited endorsement by all food control actors.
• The use of the food chain approach exists in the food safety
system and it involves several agencies. Each agency operates
independently to fulfill its respective mandate.
• Statistics available on food-borne disease in Sudan are not well
analyzed and documented.
• Poor laboratory services in line with mandate of Institutions. Partial
accreditation for some important test; this increase the no. of food
borne diseases; 16
17. • Consumption demand started to increase during period of 2000–2021
due to population growth, IDPs and refugees.study conducted by
FSTS study in 2016 has analyzed food consumption in Kcal to be
2288, 2323 and 2251 for national, rural and urban population.
• Poor diversified consumption practices affect the nutrition status.
• Recently, 9.8 million people, representing 21% of the total analyzed
population (including IDPs and refugees), face high levels of acute
food insecurity.
• With the limited capacity of the food system in the country and
shortage of medical supplies, poor households will not be able to
have their food needs met.
• Fuel shortages and the high cost of transportation will continue
reducing market supplies to affected remote areas. Increased prices
of food and non-food commodities and services is a major
contributing factor that will affect food security in Sudan.
• The most comprehensive recent analyses put national poverty
incidence in Sudan at close to half of the population is poor. 17
18. • The majority of food is produced by smallholder farmers, despite their
important contributions, smallholders and farm workers often suffer
from malnutrition and lack of access to healthy diet.
• Within the value chain consumers are affected by poor practices;
• Low yield High prices of food Low diversified consumption.
Harvest losses Low supply High prices less quantities
consumed High malnutrition rates.
• In processing if quality control measures are not existing
Consumption will be affected.
• Consumption gaps are dominantly persist among; Internally displaced
people (IDPs), returnees,
• People in conflict areas, poor groups from agro pastoral and pastoral
communities in rural areas whose livelihoods are directly affected by
the impact of COVID-19 control measures and other shocks.
• Poor productivity due to traditional means of agriculture,
• Many conflicts on natural resources were reported between farmers 18
19. 1/Rain fall:
oAbove average rains during June to September 2020 rainy season
coupled by floods during August and September resulted on
damage of infrastructure and household’s assets.
• Rainfall performance determines good pasture development
favoring good livestock body condition and supply of animal
products for selling, exporting and household consumption.
2/ Economic Crisis in Sudan: Economic decline and inflation;
Impact on food and nutrition security.
• Devaluation of local currency, high inflation rates. Soaring food and
non-food prices and poor purchasing power resulted from low
income among most poor people.
• Inflation and high food prices remain the main driver of food
insecurity. This has triggered deterioration in food security, as
households struggle to maintain adequate access to food 19
Key drivers of the current food insecurity situation
20. 3 /COVID – 19;
• Food availability
o It is expected to have high food insecure people with high
malnutrition rates, unless measures are taken fast to protect the
most vulnerable, keep global food supply chains alive and mitigate
the pandemic’s impacts across the food system.
• Food Accessibility
oThe trend showed higher prices for locally produced cerials being
affected by on going inflation rates and the pandemic, which limited
majority of households access to main staple food, decreasing their
food consumption rate to the minimum level. The latter induced
malnutrition mainly for children under 5 and pregnant women.
o Livestock, during the month of Jan 2021, the prices of all animal
breeds increased as a result of lifting restrictions on the animals’
exportation. Transportation of camels to the Red Sea State
increased the price of animal feed. When the prices are compared to
the month of December 2020, the prices of male sheep. 20
21. • Impact on Food Stability
o The constrained food supply chain system affected food stability and
aggravated food insecurity shocks. The capacity to cope and withstand
food shortages at the household and national levels requires
strengthening. The combined impacts of COVID-19 and floods plus other
shocks exacerbated the vulnerabilities of the food insecure and
marginally food secure prior to the outbreak of the hazards. has affected
the stability of food commodities in almost all local markets.
o Overall, food stability has been affected due to the combined adverse
impacts of COVID-19 and floods plus pre-existing food insecurity
triggering factors manifested in the interruptions in food supply chains
and limited flow of goods and services. this aggravated depletion of food
reserves that regulates food availability, access and utilization.
4/ Conflict and displacement/ security situation:
• Sudan continues to receive refugees from Tigray Region. Displacement/
migration are expected to continue. IDPs in relatively secured areas are
expected to Seasonally return for farming in their home areas to cultivate.
21
22. 3/14/2023 22
Causes of challenges through the food system
Transport
Retailing
Consumption
Food value chain activities
Harvest
Stacking/drying/sing
Threshing
Storage
Assembly
Transport
Transport
Processing /Trading
Wholesaling
Food Production
Poor seeds
quality / Unsafe
Usage of
pesticides/
chemical
fertilizers, Poor
focus on food
safety during the
production cycle/
contamination
Poor enabling
environment
Traditional
Poor HH Poor HH
practices/reservations/stor
age /means of
cooking/contamination
Bests/ poor standards
legislations
Poor treatment
Poor practices and Backing/ cooling/ Q
control, contamination
Distances/ capacities/infrastructures.
Distances/ capacities
Distances/ capacities
Poor enabling
environment
Distances/ capacities/infrastructures.
23. Theme/
areas
Key contributing or triggering
factors Weaknesses
Interventions and Way foreword
/action
Synergies between five
tracks and SDGs
Food safety • Limited adoption of good
agricultural practices ,good
manufacturing practices
• 17 Acts and related
regulations and standards
that delegate various powers
and responsibilities to the
main
• CAs - MoH, MoA, MoAR and
SSMO, are not updated.
• Encourage the adoption of good
agricultural practices , Support
extension services
• good manufacturing practices,
• establishing traceability system
among the value chain and
Updating and amending laws and
legislations related to food safety,
sanitary and phyto sanitary
All tracks :
SDG1 nopoverty
SDG 2; Zero Hunger
SDG 6; Clean water and
Sanitation
SDG 17; Partnerships for
the goals
SDG 7; Affordable and
clean energy
Decent work and economic
growth
SDG 9; Industry, innovation
and infrastructure
SDG 10; reduce inequalities
SDG 11; Sustainable cities
and communities SDG 12;
Responsible consumption
and production
SDG 13; Climate action SDG
16; Peace, justice and
strong institutions
SDG 17;Partnerships for
the goals
• Duplication in sampling and
analysis of food products by
various Control Authority
• No integrated system to
report food borne diseases
(FBDs) and respond to food
safety emergencies
• Review and streamline the
sampling and analysis of food
products by various Control
Authority
• in order to reduce duplication, and
reduce costs on CAs (one window
system)
• Strengthening current food-borne
disease surveillance system and
creation of comprehensive
database for food-borne-related
illnesses
23
Conclusions Way foreword
24. Nutrition • Low Consumption of plant
sources of Vitamin A–rich
foods
• Unsafe food causes
diseases
• Poor diversified
consumption
High level of poverty
Weak M&E System
insufficient investment in
nutrition and information
• Supplementary feeding program and
Vitamin A supplementation, school health
and nutrition.
• Nutritional counselling and education
• Ante-natal and post natal care (iron/foliate
supplementation) and Fortified
complementary foods
• Bi fortification and diversity/Food technology
transfer.
Strengthen M&E System is substantial
investment to reduce under nutrition
Enhance income generating activities
• Track 2 and 4
SDG 1 No poverty
SDG 2 zero hunger.
SDG 3; Good Health and Well-being
SDG 4;Quality education
SDG 6; Clean water and Sanitation
Decent work and economic growth
SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
infrastructure
SDG 13; life below water
SDG 16; Peace, justice and strong
institutions
24
Shift to
sustainable
consumption
patterns
• Consumption gaps in
vulnerable areas due to
poor consumption
practices
• Severe macroeconomic
difficulties affect food
access
• COVID-19 has adverse
effects on food insecurity.
• With the limited capacity
of the food system in the
country poor households
will not be able to have
their food needs met.
• Fuel shortages and high
cost of transportation
continue reducing market
supplies to affected
remote areas
• Reduction of overconsumption of sugar-
sweetened beverages and ultra-processed
food.
• Halving per capita food waste at HH in all
the chain.
• Strengthen connections between consumers
and producers of food by fostering
development of more robust value chains
where feasible.
Increase the diversity, availability, accessibility
of safe foods to contribute to healthy
sustainable diets.
Game changing in food culture towards more
diversified consumption and improved
productivity.
Awareness raising by food culture.
Sustainable value chains to ensure that
international trade facilitate access to safe
food.
• improve urban food environment and
identifying challenges and opportunities in
urban/ rural communities.
• All tracks
SDG1 no poverty
SDG 2; Zero Hunger
SDG 3; Good Health and Well-being
SDG 4;Quality education
SDG 7; Affordable and clean energy
SDG 8;Decent work and economic
growth
SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
infrastructure
SDG 13; life below water
SDG 15; Life on land
SDG 16; Peace, justice and strong
institutions
SDG SDG 11; Sustainable cities and
communities SDG 12;Responsible
consumption and production
SDG 14; Life below water
• SDG17;Partnerships for the goals
25. • Nature -positive
food production
system
• Weak productivity and production
Loss.
• Frequent changes in strategies by
change of decision makers.
• Poor enabling productive
environment.
• Gaps in agro processing
• No innovative technology
• Low and non-diverse food
production.
• Absence of national land use
action plan.
• Weak extension services at
remote areas.
• Environmental impacts e.g,
climate change-erosion- floods-
drought
• Insecure funding.
• Misuse of pesticide and
insecticides.
• Pillar 1: protect natural systems and areas
from new conversions for food production
and save and set aside some land and
water back to nature.
• Pillar 2: sustainably manage the
production systems.
• Pillar 3: restore and rehabilitate degraded
systems for sustainable food production
and ecosystem services.
• 1.Adopt practices to restore, protect and
manage natural resources in sustainable
manner: including (legislation or
regulations, judicial decrees, or other
actions)
2: intensify the knowledge of farmers, farm
advisors
3: promote marketing and processing
facilities
4: increase policy coherence and adequate
governance,
5: strengthen actions and information on
sustainable nutrition and food diets.
6: empowerment of rural areas/ cross-farm
co-operations,
7:Risk management plans (fires, floods..etc)
8: Encourage organic agriculture, including
zero tillage practices in the harsh areas.
• All tracks
SDG1 no poverty
SDG 2; Zero Hunger
SDG 5;Gender equality
• SDG7; maximize the use of
clean and renewable sources
of energy, reducing the food
sector’s environmental
impact
SDG 8;Decent work and
economic growth
SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
infrastructure
SDG 12; Responsible
consumption and production
SDG 13; life below water
SDG 14; Life below water SDG
15; Life on land
SDG 16; Peace, justice and
strong institutions
SDG 17;Partnerships for the
goals
25
26. Advance Equitable
livelihoods
• Injustice of policies governing the
right to work, land ownership.
• Inequality among landowners, and
partnerships between landowners,
farmers and herders, concepts, and
unequal gender norms refer to the
right to work, property rights,
support, and partnership
• Environmental and natural disasters
such as floods, droughts,
desertification, removal of
vegetation and others that have
greatly affected local communities
in their Livelihood.
The impact of wars and tribal
conflicts that cause loss of work and
land ownership in some societies
directly affect their livelihoods
Displacement and the transformation
of indigenous citizens into displaced
persons and refugees.
Women are generally the main
unpaid contributors to household
income and food production.
• Gender:. participation in decision-making
must be enhanced for their representation in
state legislatures, parties and community-
based organizations (CBOs).
• Ensure women’s equal tenure rights and
promote their equal access to and control
over productive land, natural resources,
inputs, and other services
•Facilitate women’s equal access to
entrepreneurship and employment
opportunities across food systems
• Building productive capacity of producers
through institutional reform and training.
• Improve agricultural support services in
terms of research, technology transfer and
extension, agricultural education, markets,
information.
• Building strategic partnerships to utilize
economies of scale and have better access
to new technology, Actions to support
equality in livelihoods namely: Stakeholder
capacity development, Food-based nutrition,
Gender equality. Peace, stability building
and voluntary guidelines for land tenure.
• Developing the knowledge, skills, and talent
of youth will also require investing in
smallholder agriculture in order to provide
successful examples and viable livelihoods
for all future generations.
All tracks
SDG 1 no poverty
SDG 2 zero hunger
SDG 4 Quality education
SDG 5;Gender equality
SDG 8;Decent work and
economic growth
SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
infrastructure
SDG 16; Peace, justice and
strong institutions
SDG 17;Partnerships for the goals
26
27. • Build
resilience
to
vulnerabiliti
es shocks
and stress
• Limited awareness on climate-related
hazards;
• Social unrest; fragile economic situation;
• Natural resources deterioration and
conflict
• by traditional farmers vs pastoralists ;
• Traditional food production systems; less
applied research
Lack of shocks-risks-hazard
mapping/information
Poor institutional capacities/ in disaster
risk reduction;
Climate variation and Climate change:
repeated droughts, floods, change of rain
calendar temperature .
Absence of media in FSN at community
levels;
Limited access to agricultural inputs,
services knowledge and skills;
Improper demarcation;
Shortage of water among the livestock
routes;
Lack of legislations access to land and
natural resources;
Low standard tools for data collection,
analysis on resilience in Sudan.
limited employment/ low income. effects
of COVID 19 control measures led to
increased poverty rate and reduced
kinship support to poor households;
•Support decision making through partnership-based
capacity development
Standards and tools to guide resilience /vulnerability
mapping and analysis for the agriculture and food
security sectors developed;
Coordination with media for awareness raising;
• Enhance coordination mechanism;
Capacity building for staff in FS analysis ;
Improve access to agricultural inputs and extension
services ;
Enhance food security access ;
- Enhance role of Pasture and Rangeland
Administration;
Enhance dialogue between farmers and herders
Secure availability of integrated services of water,
fodder and pasture along stock - routes to markets,
including cross-border routes.
Implement projects of common interest at the same
area as means of peace building strategy;
Establish early warning system and community
disaster management strategy
Improve Disaster risk management system through
inclusive assessment, planning, mitigation and
mainstreaming in the planning
Develop climate change adaptation strategy.
Reduce the effect of climate change (disaster risk
reduction)
Support institutional and natural resources
governance
Vulnerability mapping and analysis to support
resilience building;
• All tracks
SDG1 no poverty
SDG 2; Zero Hunger
SDG 3; Good Health
and Well-being
SDG 5;Gender
equality
SDG 6; Clean water
and Sanitation
SDG 7; Affordable and
clean energy
SDG 8;Decent work
and economic growth
SDG 9;Industry,
innovation and
infrastructure
SDG 10; reduce
inequalities
SDG 16; Peace,
justice and strong
institutions
SDG 17; Partnerships
for the goals
27
28. Food reserves
Strategic and HH
• Low capacities
• Traditional and unsafe storage
• Poor cold stores;
• Modernization of storage at national and HH
levels.
• Control measurement for safe stored food
• Availability of cold stores for perishable
food;
• Track 1, 2,3,
SDGs; SDG 8;Decent work and
economic growth
Transportation • Deteriorated infrastructures
• Insufficient cold transport
• High cost
• Rehabilitation , modernization
• Quality control
• All tracks
Processing • Innovations
• Poor standards in some
• Poor infrastructure
• Applications
• Quality control
• Rehabilitation of infrastructure
• Support applied Researches
• Tracks 1 & 2
Marketing • Infrastructures
• Weak marketing structures
•Rehabilitation of infrastructure
•Improve marketing structures
•All tracks
28
36. 26 August 2021
CRP Mid-year 2021
Indicator Sum of Indicator Achievement Sum of Total Beneficiary Directly Reached
Number of people provided with agricultural support 16,636 34,228
Number of people receiving vacational training 330 330
Number of people that receive a business grant 0 0
Number of people that receive a full ration of food 509,805 509,805
Number of people that receive a half ration of food 42,228 42,228
Number of people that receive cash-based transfers for full ration food supplies 5,995 5,995
Number of people that receive cash under MPCA at full 59,597 76,364
