what is demolition ,type, methods ,hazard,risk ,safety measures.

1. Group Members
Bilal Bhati
Muhammad Abbas
Usman Tahir
Demolition - Hazards and Controls

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
What is demolition?????
Why demolition????
Methods of demolition
Steps before demolition
Demolition sequence
Hazards in demolition work
Persons at risk
Safety measures
Risk control
2

3. WHAT IS DEMOLITION?????
 Demolition means dismantling, razing,
destroying or wrecking any building or
structure or any part by pre-planned and
controlled methods.
 Demolition is the tearing-down of building and
other structures
Introduction
3

4. Introduction
Demolitio
n work is
in
progress.
4

5. Introduction
Demoliton is
in Progress
and
supervised
by Safety
officer
5

6. WHY DEMOLITION????
 The structures which have already
passed their design life need to be
reconstruct, for safety and operational
requirements.
 The old structures need to be
demolished for replacement by new
structures.
6

7. Methods of Demolition
1. Demolition By Hand
2. Ball And Crane
3. Demolition By Machines
4. Demolition By Hydraulic Rushers
5. Demolition By Explosives
6. Robotic Machines
7

8. 1-Demolition By Hand
Demolition is done
manually by labor
using hammers
8

9. 2-DEMOLITION BY WRECKING
BALL
 The wrecking ball
application consists
of a crane equipped
with a steel ball.
 The deconstruction
of the building is by
the impact energy of
the steel ball
suspended from the
crawler crane.
9

10. 3-DEMOLITION BY MACHINES
 The sequence of
demolition by machine is
typically the same as the
top down manual
method, except that
most of the demolition is
done by mechanical
plant.
10

11. Demolition By Machines
11

12. Demolition By Machines
12

13. 4-DEMOLITION BY HYDRAULIC
RUSHERS
 The crusher attachment breaks
the concrete and the
reinforcement by the hydraulic
thrust through the long boom arm
system.
 The hydraulic crusher can be
operated from the ground
outside the building. This
method is also suitable for
dangerous buildings, silos and
other industrial facilities.
13

14. 4-EMOLITION BY HYDRAULIC
RUSHERS
14

15. 5-DEMOLITION BY
EXPLOSIVES
15

16. Columns are fully loaded with
explosives
16

18. Pre-blast Considerations
 The design may include pre-weakening of the
structure, the strategy in placement of the
explosives and time delay so that the building will
collapse in a safe manner.
 Pre-weakening of the structure may include cutting out
a portion of the shear walls and other structural
elements.
 A test blast may be conducted to verify the strength of
the structural member and to fine tune the explosive
design.
18

19. Process of
Implosion
19

20. Building Implosion 20

21. ADVANCED TECHNIQUES USING
ROBOTIC MACHINES
 There is a different, specialized approach to
every demolition project.
 Robotic machines meet these unique challenges.
 We have large high reach equipment that has
the capability to reach some very high and
awkward areas.
 Smaller Robotic demolisher machines to get into
those tight spots and if a project has some tricky
or confined spaces we have robotic equipment
on hand to get the job done.
21

22. ADVANCED TECHNIQUES USING
ROBOTIC MACHINES
22

23. ADVANCED TECHNIQUES USING
ROBOTIC MACHINES
23

24. Factors Affecting Selection of Demolition
Method
 Type of structure
o Size of structure
o Available time
o Location of structure
o Limitation of noise, dust and vibrations
o Skills person
o Safety
o Availability of equipment
o Behavior of structure
24

25. Demolition Sequence
 All cantilevers structures shall demolished first.
 Before demolishing roof , all water tanks and lift rooms shall be
demolished first.
 Demolition of floor slab shall begin at mid span and proceed
towards the supporting beams.
 The order of demolition of floor beams shall be as follows
 Cantilever beam
 Secondary beam
 Primary beam
 Non load bearing walls and partition walls shall be removed prior
to demolition process.
 Columns and load bearing walls shall be demolished after removal
of beams on top. 25

26. Steps before demolition
1. Surveying
2. Removal of hazardous
materials
3. Preparation of plan
4. Hazard Identification
5. Safety measures
26

27. 1-Survey for demolition
 For demolition of a building ,detailed survey and
assessment of a building is necessary.
1. Building survey
Drawing records
Material survey
Hazardous materials
Photographs of a building to be demolished
Surrounding buildings
Building height, distance from nearby buildings
Type of building 27

28. Structural survey
Drawing records
Special structure
Behaviour of structure
Structural support system
Degree of deterioration
28

29. Asbestos Containing
Material
 In the case when
asbestos containing
material are discovered,
specialist contractor
shall be employed to
remove such asbestos
containing material.
Asbestos Material
2-Removal of hazardous materials:
29

30.  Based on demolition surveys, a demolition plan is
prepared . This plan is produced with the application for
approval to the local authority.
 This plan include
 Plan showing the location of a building to be demolished.
 Building height, structural system
 Proposed sequence of demolition steps
 Details of equipments used.
3-Preparation of plan
30

31. 3-Preparation of plan
 Extent of damage to the building
 Existing structures and facilities in the vicinity
 Layout plan
 Proposed method of demolition
 Safety measures
31

32. Hazards in Demolation Work
 Falls from height or on the same level.
 Falling debris.
 Premature collapse of the structure being
demolished.
 Dust and fumes.
 The silting up of drainage systems by dust.
 The problems arising from spilt fuel oils.
 Manual handling.
 Presence of asbestos and other hazardous
substances.
32

33. Hazards in Demolation Work
 Noise and vibration from heavy plant and equipment
 Electric shock
 Pires and explosions from the use of flammable and
 Explosive substances
 Smoke from burning waste timber
 Pneumatic drills and power tools
 the existence of services, such as electricity, gas and
water
 Collision with heavy plant
 Plant and vehicles overturning.
33

34. Hazards in Demolation Work
Hazard
of falling
from
Height
34

35. Hazards in Demolation Work
Falling Hazards
35

36. Hazards in Demolation
Work
Collapse
36

37. Hazards in Demolation Work
Dust Hazard
37

38. Hazards in Demolation Work
Asbestos
Dust
Hazard is
there
38

39. Persons at Risk
•Site workers
involve in
demolition
39

40. Persons at Risk
•Worker
at site
40

41. Persons at Risk
•Passerby
41

42. Persons at Risk
•Machiner
y
operators
42

43. Safety Measures/Controls
43

44. Training and
Communication:
 Demolition workers,
including plant or
equipment operators, shall
go through proper job
safety training and be
informed of the potential
hazards by attending
training sessions as well as
on-the-job training.
Safety measures/Controls
44

45. Safety Measures
Equipment Maintenance:
 All equipment shall be
tested and examined
before use. They shall be
properly stored and
maintained. The
equipment shall be
inspected daily and results
of the inspection shall be
recorded accordingly.
45

46. Electrical Safety
 A properly connected
power source from a
local electric utility
supplier or a mobile
electricity generator
shall be utilized in
demolition sites.
Safety Measures
46

47. Fire:
 All flammable goods shall
be removed from site
unless they are necessary
for the works involved.
Any remaining flammable
goods shall be stored in
proper storage facilities.
Safety Measures
47

48. Vibration:
 Demolition work will cause vibration to
neighboring buildings or structures to various
extent, depending on the method of
demolition, which should be controlled by
suitable monitoring. The most serious
vibration is caused by implosion.
Safety Measures
48

49. Safety Measures
Air Pollution:
 Concrete breaking, handling of debris and hauling
process are main sources of dust from building
demolition. Dust mitigation measures, such as water
spray, shall be adopted to minimise dust emissions.
Burning of waste shall not be allowed.
 Diesel fumes generated by mechanical plant or
equipment shall be controlled.
49

50. Safety Measures
Controlig
air
polution
by
supraying
water
50

51. NOISE
 Noise pollution arising from the demolition
works due the use of powered mechanical
equipment such as pneumatic breakers,
excavators and generators, loading and
transportation of debris, etc. affects the
workers, and the sensitive receivers in the
vicinity of the demolition site.
51

52. Noise Pollution
Use of ear
plug/ear
defender for
avoiding
noise
pollution
52

53. DEBRIS AND WASTE HANDLING
53

54. PROTECTIVE
SCREENS
 Protective screen
covers shall be
placed, where
necessary, to
prevent flying
pieces from
injuring the fellow
workmen.
54

55. Personel Protective Equipments
Protection of
worker with
PPE is very
important.PPE
s come in the
last as safety
measures.
55

56. Personel Protective
Equipments
Use of hard
hat gloves
safety shoes
glasses
jacket ear
plug must be
compulsory
56

57. Safety Signs
Safety
signs must
be thear to
aware the
Persons at
work and
public
57

58. Table of Hazardous activites Pesrsons at
Risk and Control Measures
Activity:- What is
Hazard?
Harm:- Who or What? Safety Measure/ What
are you doing?
Public Entering Site Injuries To Persons Site Must be Securely
Fenced off and Locked at
the end of working day.
Signage Warning of
Danger
Gas/Elec Explosion/Fire/Shoks Services To Be
disconnected and
Confirmed to be
disconnected by
Liacensed Person.
Working at height/ Fall
From Height
Injury To Persons Use of Scaffolding , Use of
Fall arrest System.
58

59. Table of Hazardous activites Pesrsons
at Risk and Control Measures
Activity:- What is
Hazard?
Harm:- Who or What? Safety Measure/ What
are you doing?
Road users and
Padestrians During
movement of lorries
Injury To Persons Use of Banks man at all
times warning signs and
Physical Barriears
General site Hazards like
dust and cuts.
Injury To Persons Use of PPE,s at all times.
Dust suppression system
Planned,Full site
Coverage of water mist
when required.
Manual Handeling Injury To Persons All Times to be checked
before manual lifting.
Slips/Trips Injury To Persons Good House
Keeping/Remove All Trip
Hazards
59

60. Table of Hazardous activites Pesrsons
at Risk and Control Measures
Activity:- What is
Hazard?
Harm:- Who or What? Safety Measure/ What
are you doing?
Falling Massonary
uncontrolled Collapse
Site Opperative, Possible
Public
Whilst Carrying out the
soft strip state of the
contract the structural
stability will be assessed.
If any part of the building
is deemed at risk then All
persons are to be
evacuated and
mechanical means use to
remove and make safe
any required area of the
building
60

61. Conclusion
 Demolition is the most dangerous/hazardous activity
as compare to the other civil activities.
 Demolition must be wellplanned to avoid fatalities
and injuries
 Development in techniques allows rapid demolition
with no harm to the environment.
61

62. Conclusion
 It can be concluded that demolishing/imploding
the building structure will prove very useful,
economical and quickest for reconstruction.
 Leads to a safe and controlled demolition for the
occupants and neighbourhood.
62

63. References
 http://www.implosionworld.com/history.html
 www.wikipedia.com
 http://archsd.gov.hk/media/11640/demolition_e2004.pdf
 http://wiki.iricen.gov.in/doku/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=m
%E0%A4%BEr%E0%A5%8Dc_march_2013:achuta_ra
o.pdf
 http://www.concreteconstruction.net/Images/Demolition
%20of%20Concrete%20Structures_tcm45-341335.pdf
 https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noisecontrol/
 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/854065516804139130/
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64. Any
Question...
64

65. iuiuut