HEMANTINICS SUBSTANCES

1. HEMATINICS
Presented by :
Zulfequar shaikh ,
Department of pharmacology.
118 November 2018

2. HEMATINICS
 HEMATINICS are the substance
required for formation of blood to
treat various types of Anemia.
 IRON
 VITAMIN B9 ( FOLIC ACID )
 VITAMIN B12 ( COBALAMIN )
 ERYTHROPOETIN
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3. ANEMIA
 Anemia occurs when the imbalance between production
and destruction of RBCs is disturbed by :
(a) Blood loss (acute or chronic)
(b) Impaired red cell formation due to :
 Deficiency of essential factors, i.e. iron, vitamin B12, folic
acid.
 Bone marrow depression (hypoplastic anemia),
erythropoietin deficiency.
(c) Increased destruction of RBCs
(hemolytic anemia)
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4. TYPESOF ANEMIA
 Microcytic hypochromic :
Mainly Due to iron deficiency.
 Megaloblastic Anemia :
Mainly due to deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid.
 Haemolytic Anaemia :
Destruction of RBC.
 Pernicious Anemia :
Decreased intrinsic factor.
 Aplastic Anemia :
Bone marrow disorder .
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5. CAUSESOF ANEMIA
1:Deficiency of substances :
(a) Exogenous substances
(b) Endogenous substances
2:Genetic abnormalities
3:Excess loss of blood
4:Drug induced, etc
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6. TREATMENT
IRON
 Iron is an essential body constituent.
 It is an essential constituent of
hemoglobin,cytochrome,and other
components of respiratory enzyme
system.
 Its main function are in transport of
oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in
cellular oxidation mechanism.
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7.  Daily requirements of IRON :
Adult Male : 0.5 – 1 mg ( 13 µg/kg )
Adult female : 1-2 mg ( 21 µg/kg )(menstruation)
Infants : 60 µg/kg
Children : 25 µg/kg
Pregnancy : 3-5 mg ( 80µg/kg ) ( last2 trimesters )
 DIETRY SOURCE OF IRON :
Rich : Liver,egg yalk,dry beans,dry fruits,etc
Medium : Meat,Chicken,Fish,Banana,Apple.
Poor : Milk,and itsproducts,root vegetables.
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8. MODEOF ACTIONOF IRON
 Iron is important component of hemoglobin that carries
oxygenated blood from lungs to different body parts.
 It also act as a catalyst for many metabolic reactions
essential for cell growth.
 It maintains a healthy immune system and aids in energy
production.
INDICATIONS :
 Anemia .
 Dietry iron deficiency.
 Pregnancy .
 Premature babies .
 Malabsorption. .
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9.  ORAL IRON
Ferrous sulfate (hydrated salt 20% iron, dried salt 32%)
Ferrous gluconate (33% iron)
DOSE : 200 mg
Adverce effect :
Gastric irritation ,constipation,staining of teeth.
 PARENTRAL IRON
Iron Dextran
Iron Sucrose
DOSE :
75mg i.m ( Max 100mg i.m )
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10. 1018 November 2018

11. VITAMINB12( COBALAMIN)
It occurs as red crystals synthesized in nature only by
microorganism ,plants and animals acquire it from them.
 M.O.A :
Vitamin B12 is essential constituents of the human
diet,being necessary for DNA synthesis and consequently
for cell prolification.
 DIETRY SOURCES :
Liver ,Kidney,Sea,Fish,meat,cheese,etc.
 DAILY REQUIREMENT :
Adult :1-3 µg/kg.
Pregnant & Lactating Women : 3-5 µg.
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12. VITAMINB9 FOLICACID
 It occurs as yellow crystals which are
insoluble in water, but its sodium salt is
freely water soluble.
 Chemically it is pteroyl glutamic acid
(PGA) cosisting of pteridine + para
amino benzoic acid (PABA)+glutamic
acid.
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13. M.O.AOF VTAMINB9
(FOLICACID)
 Folic acid is a
precursor needed to
make ,repair,
methylate DNA
cofactor in cell
division and growth,
such as in infancy
and pregnancy.
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14.  DIETRY
SOURCE
OF FOLIC
ACID:
_Yeast,
_Liver,
_Vegetables,
_Fruits,
_Nuts ,etc
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15. 18 November 2018 15
DAILY REQUIREMENTS OF VITAMIN B9 :
_ Adult : 50 mcg/day.
_ Pregnant & Lactating Women :
100-200 mcg/day.
 DOSE :
_ Therapeutic _ 2 to 5 mg /day.
_ Prophylactic _ 0.5 mg/day.
 INDICATIONS :
_ Treat megaloblastic anemia due to
folate deficiency.
_ pregnant women .
_ premature infants.
_ patient with hemolytic anemia .

16. REFERENCEs
 Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical
pharmacology. 6th ed. New Delhi:
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers;
2008. p. 581-92.
 Goodman & Gilman’s The pharmalogical
Basis of Therapeutics,11th Edition.
 Pharmacology Rang & Dell 5th Edition.
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