2. COURSE CODE 8605
EDUCATIONAL
LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT

3. UNIT NO.4
EDUCATIONAL
PLANING

4. Introduction
Education is a central preoccupation of every
nation so the educational plans can be carried
out with maximum success if they arc based on
the changing needs of the country to compete
with the other countries of the world. Educational
planning is mainly the work of planners, experts,
authorities or the bureaucracy which administer
the education services. But professionally it
should he in the hands of education leaders.

5. Introduction
Planning is a process which aims at achieving
specific developmental goals of life of a country.
This process includes an analysis of the present
situation and forecasts for future. In the same
way. educational planning should aim at
development of education as well as the drawing
up of state, regional, district and institutional
plans. These plans should be intelligently link
and match the needs and resources. Similarly.
the planning process should aim surveying the
requirements of training manpower in the
employment market as well.

6. DEFINITION, AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
What is the purpose of education? What does it
aim to achieve? Every Education Policy has seriously
considered these questions at sonic stage or other.
The aims of education are determined by national
political, social. economic, psychological and
pedagogical needs. Many of the fundamental
concerns of education have persisted throughout the
centuries, but in the course of time. different aspects
have been stressed.

7. DEFINITION, AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
 Educational aims were for a long time of an essentially
social, patriotic and ideological nature which,
emphasized the function of education as a preserver and
transmitter of the cultural heritage.
 A common idea now-a-days is to link education to
national development, so that training can be a
preparation for employment for life in its broad
economic aspects, for cooperation in common endeavors,
and participation in the practices of democracy.

8. DEFINITION, AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
 Education is — increasingly being looked
upon as a specific mean of changing, renewing
and even of challenging the established values.
The emphasis is on educability and trainability
rather than on instruction as such.
 Later, emphasis was laid on intellectual
training (Primarily literacy, latterly scientific).
Knowledge became an end in itself.

9. DEFINITION, AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
 Political Objective of Education
 Economic Objective of Education
 Social Objective of Education
 Pedagogical Objective of Education
 Objective of Self Relationship
 Objective of Economic Efficiency
 Objective of Civic Responsibility

10. The Objective Of Self-
Realization
 The inquiring Mind:
 Speech:
 Reading:
 Writing:
 Number:
 Sight and Hearing
 Health Knowledge
 Health Habits
 Public Health
 Recreation
 Intellectual Interests
 Aesthetic Interests
 Character

11. The Objective Of Human
Relationship
 Respect for Humanity
 Friendship
 Co-Operation
 Courtesy
 Appreciation of the
Home
 Homemaking
 Democracy in the
Home
 Conservation of the
Home

12. THE OBJECTIVE OF
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
 Work
 Occupational
Information
 Occupational Choice
 Occupational Efficiency
 Occupational
Adjustment
 Occupational
Appreciation
 Personal Economic
 Consumer Judgment
 Efficiency in Buying
 Consumer Protection

13. APPROACHES TO
EDUCATION PLANNING
The social Demand
Methodology.
The Manpower Requirement
Methodology.
The Rate of Returns
Methodology.

14. TYPES AND GOALS OF
EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
What is Educational Planning
 Preparation of alternative decisions
 Goals and Objective
 Programmes and Services
 Human Resources
 Physical Resources
 Finance
 Governmental Structure
 The Social Context

15. TYPES OF EDUCATIONAL
PLANNING
 Imperative or Centralized Planning
 Indicative Planning or Local Level
Planning
 Sect and Planning
 Integrated Planning

16. THE PROCESS OF PLAN
FORMULATION
 Board Objective and Targets Setting
 Survey Current Economic Condition
 Strategy
 Determination
 Financing of Plan
 Sectoral Programmes
 Mobilization of Resources
 Plan Exciton

17. PROCESS OF PROJECT
PLANNING
 Is The Best Alternative To Tackle A Certain
Problem In The Presence Of A Number Of
Constraints;
 Involves Least Use Of Resources;
 Is Sound From Financial, Economic. Technical.
Commercial And Managerial View Points: And
 Has Certain Flexibility To Adjust To Any Change
May Take Place During Its Implementation Phase.

18. FINANCING OF THE
PROJECT
Government
Resources:
 Grant
 Loan
 Investment
 Direct Government
Expenditure
 Sponsoring Agency’s
own fund
 Private Investment
 Local body Services
 Non-Government
Borrowing
 Other sources
 (e.g. recoveries)

19. Any
Question?

20. THANK
S