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Supply Chain Management An overview, for Iqra University Karachi Syed Wajih Uddin
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Agenda
Personal Profile Wajih Second Religion is Cricket! Management Accountant / Consultant by profession. ACMA, APA, CFC,M.COM, B.COM Career Highlights Vohra & Co Feb 95- Aug 96, Associate Consultant Project Accounting and MIS (internship) Ernst & Young Int’l Sep 96 – Mar 01, Audit Senior Amman and Pakistan Grant Thornton Int’l Sep 01- April 02, Supervisor Business Assurance Services  Gillette May 02 – Aug 03, Customer Services Executive Gillette Sep 03 – Feb 05, Value Chain Leader Pakistan Gillette March 05 - July 05, Regional Value Chain Manager, Pakistan & South Asia  Unilever, LJA, Aug 05-Present, Production Planning & Customer Services Manager (Current)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Session Norms
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Supply Chain (SC)  Definition
Why implementing a Supply Chain approach... Its all about Managing Expectations…….. Poor service Not 1st. in class Empty shelves Poor forecasting
Customer Service  Impacted Costs  Out of  Control Impact of both areas on each other Too Many Orders  High delivery Costs Poor Set up of Data Errors in picking / delivery Poor Delivery / Paper Work Cash Collection Impacted Poor Forecasting Incorrect Stock Levels
Key Operational Functions under ‘One Umbrella’ & Streamlined Supply Chain Concept Demand  & Supply  Planning   Data Integrity Order   & Query  Mgmt Whousing &  Delivery Invoicing & Cash Collection Stock Mgmt POS & Display CUSTOMER FOCUSSED Supply Chain is integration of our business processes and organisations around  “the entire demand and supply chain” in servicing our customers and managing our inventories
Systems   Support Demand   Planning Performance   Metrics Profiles Internal / External The Start Point – Collaborative Effort Process Development & Management Enablers of the Process Creates DC Demand Merchandising at store level Transit to Customer’s Stores Transit to Customer DC Product Allocation to Order  EDI transaction to Company In-Stock Levels dictate a suggested order Store Receipt Customer DC Receipt Order Shipment (Company DC) Order Processing (CSC) Order Creation Store Demand Fulfillment (Customer DC) Consumer Take Away Influence Ensure Compliance at the Customer Level Impact at the Customer Level Customer  Logistics Communication Internal / External   Demand / Supply Execution Cycle
Demand Planning - Roles & Responsibilities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Customer Supplier Planning Execution Demand Planning Supply Planning Order to Cash Warehousing & Distribution Business  Information  Management
Supply Planning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Customer Supplier Planning Execution Demand Planning Supply Planning Order to Cash Warehousing & Distribution Business  Information  Management
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Organisational effectiveness
S&OP is  Joint Accountability
S&OP is a means of aligning targets, objectives and actions across functions  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Financial Planning Demand  Forecasting & Planning Category Customer Service & Distribution Manufacturing Customer Development Supplier mgmt Debtor mgmt one consensus plan Source figure: Red Pepper. Modified E&Y 1999 Customer Development: we can sell 200 Marketing: the promotion  will sell 400 Manufacturing: they will  only sell 150 Finance: we have  budget of 300
S&OP PROCESS AND MEETING FLOW Category Team Meeting (CTM) Supply and Demand Reconciliation Meeting (SDR) EXCO  Meeting BOARD Meeting FINANCE CONVERSION UNCONSTRAINED DEMAND INPUTS FEASIBLE SUPPLY PLAN OPERATIONAL FOREACST Demand Planning Supply&Demand Reconciliation GAP Analysis & Closure APPROVAL
Initiatives to enhance Customer Service and align demand with supply… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Customer Service?
Our customer's) are not
NOT this
OR this
But more like this …
What is customer service Get the basics right … every time Exceed customer’s expectations … In a few areas …Consistently … every time Exceed customer’s expectations … In chosen areas … Consistently … every time UNDERSTAND what your customer wants … And what you can give them Business Planning CS Operations CS Strategy
Meeting or exceeding expectations It’s all about processes … or is it? ,[object Object],Complexity & Errors Creative Chaos Multiple Interpretations, Inflexibility Confusion Objectives We wish to objectively measure our performance Principles We measure against customer needs Processes Order Capture & Order Entry Training When taking order, record original need, then compare to stock availability People trained well enough to know how to step outside the systems & processes in order to meet the objectives & principles.
Tesco Lotus Customer Service ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ritz Carlton Customer Service Excellence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Understand your customer The Ritz remember things about you others do not Standard sofa setting Special sofa setting
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],GROWTH COSTS CASH $ Customer Service Excellence
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Externally focused, loss oriented KPIs Reliable, flexible, safe & competitive factories/suppliers International Standards  Barcodes, Standardised packaging Focused, customer facing teams (& working hours) Order to Cash reliability Inventory Planning Sales & Operations Planning Unconstrained, externally focused Demand Planning Responsive, integrated Supply Planning Training Cross functional working, Skills, Competencies Business Planning/S&OP CS Operations
CCFOT? CCFOT How well we are doing Analyzed to determine the root causes & subsequent improvement actions Highlights the overall losses to our customers
How to measure CCFOT CCFOT  = 2. Total # of cases shipped 1. Total # of cases ordered (Original customer order) Case fill Delivered cases and On time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3. Total # of cases delivered on time 2. Total # of cases shipped x
Why is important to know Cost to Serve ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why is important to know Cost to Serve ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
In order to compute excess inventory, it is first necessary to determine how much FG stock is needed to achieve targeted service levels given the current supply chain.  To do so, each inventory component must be evaluated. Total Current FG Inventory  (by key component) Inventory being loaded, unloaded, or transported. Inventory required to cover demand uncertainty (forecast error) and supply uncertainty during lead time Inventory required to cover periods between production or replenishment Inventory required to cover demand in excess of capacity (due to seasonality, factory shutdowns, etc.) Cycle Stock Safety Stock In-Transit Pre-Build Inventory Excess Inventory Forecasting, S&OP, and Mfg. Parameters’ initiatives focus on reducing the targeted requirement by improving the underlying supply chain parameters Inventory exceeding the targeted requirements computed based on CURRENT supply chain parameters 1 Inventory Needed To Achieve Target Service Levels (given CURRENT supply chain parameters) 1 1  The supply chain parameters on which the inventory requirements are based include CURRENT forecast accuracy,  forecast bias (if existent), manufacturing lead times, manufacturing deviation, transit times, deployment frequency.
Demand for Growth  Relax terms Sell, sell, sell Customers’ power Service “no OfS!” Suppliers Pay, Pay, Pay Working Capital tends to GROW! Needs continuous discipline & priority to manage S&OP optimise demand & supply Maintain board level Priority and pressure Discipline on underlying processes
The Basics: Again!   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The history of Logistics   Logistics is a relatively new word used to describe a very old practice: the supply, movement and maintenance of an armed force both in peacetime and under operational conditions.  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Definition of Logistics ,[object Object],[object Object],“… the process of planning, implementing and controlling the  efficient, effective flow and storage of goods and services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption  for the purpose of conforming to customer requirement.” - Council of Logistics Management “ Supply Chain Management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all Logistics Management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, and customers. In essence,  Supply Chain Management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies.” - Council of Logistics Management-
Logistics Support - Full Service LOGISTICS  SERVICE NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION FORWARDING WAREHOUSING MANAGEMENT Company CERTIFICATION SUB - CONTRACTING CUSTOM   CLEARANCE Bonded WH Factory Area INBOUND OUTBOUND External Common Stock ERP’s
Trends in Logistics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Industry Trend Logistics Solution
Integrator Summary                                                                  
Service Providers Role in Supply Chain Management 3PL/warehouse/ distribution  management Event monitoring /  exception  management RFP, RFQ  management / execution / financial service Carrier / 3PL management Supply chain reengineering Process  consulting IT analysis / implementation Supply chain visibility connectivity / IT integration Knowledge management industry / supply chain  Single  point of contact Relationship Know-how Consulting Visibility Operational
Cross Docking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Customer Marketing Why,  What,  How,  & Who.
What is Customer Marketing? OUR MISSION :  R evolutionalize  the R elevance  of our Brands at R etail Customer as a communication channel Shopping = brand experience Leverage our brands for the customer
Opportunity abounds…
Common & shared Key metrics to measure CS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],End to End Demand to Supply
Key Competencies Identified Building strategic working relationships Customer focus Facilitating  change Technical/professional skills/knowledge Communication Drive for results
What should our expectations be ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Back-up CPFR
What needs to happen in order to realize these expectations   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Back-up CPFR
Supply Chain SWOT Opportunities Weaknesses INTERNAL EXTERNAL Strengths Threats
 
 
Personal Profile Nabeel  BCS, MCP, ACSA, ITIL Foundation,  Career Highlights Bahrain Defense force 94-96, Network Administrator  Hi-Tech Business Machines Pvt Ltd, 96-98 Customer Services Manager Etech group of Companies 98 -2001 Country Manager Technical  Gillette Pakistan Ltd. 2001 – 2005, A. Regional IT Manager Al Tuwairqi Group of Companies , 05- Present Group IT Manager ( KSA)
How can we do it ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Future Collaborative Commerce Will Also Be Founded on Data Synchronization Benefits Source: GMA-FMI Trading Partner Alliance, Action Plan to Accelerate Trading partner Electronic Collaboration, AT Kearney Assessment, 2002 1. Common Data Standards 2. Single Item Registry 3. Item Synchronization 4. Collaborative Transaction Management 5. Collaborative Supply Chain Management 6. Collaborative Sales & Promotion Planning 7. Collaborative Insight & Product Development Time/Degree of Trust and Complexity Data Synchronization Foundation
What is RFID  (Radio frequency identification) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uses of RFID  Supplier  Retailer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Value creation from RFID systems Increase Shareholder  value Increase  Revenue  Increase  Operating Income  Increase  Capital  Efficiency  Increase Market Intelligence Increase Market Share Increase Market Volume Reduce COGS Reduce SG& A Increase Fixed Capital Turnover Increase Working Capital Turnover ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case Study VLG  (Victory Land Group) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 

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Presentation to AMI university on Value Chain fundamentals

  • 1. Supply Chain Management An overview, for Iqra University Karachi Syed Wajih Uddin
  • 2.
  • 3. Personal Profile Wajih Second Religion is Cricket! Management Accountant / Consultant by profession. ACMA, APA, CFC,M.COM, B.COM Career Highlights Vohra & Co Feb 95- Aug 96, Associate Consultant Project Accounting and MIS (internship) Ernst & Young Int’l Sep 96 – Mar 01, Audit Senior Amman and Pakistan Grant Thornton Int’l Sep 01- April 02, Supervisor Business Assurance Services Gillette May 02 – Aug 03, Customer Services Executive Gillette Sep 03 – Feb 05, Value Chain Leader Pakistan Gillette March 05 - July 05, Regional Value Chain Manager, Pakistan & South Asia Unilever, LJA, Aug 05-Present, Production Planning & Customer Services Manager (Current)
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Why implementing a Supply Chain approach... Its all about Managing Expectations…….. Poor service Not 1st. in class Empty shelves Poor forecasting
  • 7. Customer Service Impacted Costs Out of Control Impact of both areas on each other Too Many Orders High delivery Costs Poor Set up of Data Errors in picking / delivery Poor Delivery / Paper Work Cash Collection Impacted Poor Forecasting Incorrect Stock Levels
  • 8. Key Operational Functions under ‘One Umbrella’ & Streamlined Supply Chain Concept Demand & Supply Planning Data Integrity Order & Query Mgmt Whousing & Delivery Invoicing & Cash Collection Stock Mgmt POS & Display CUSTOMER FOCUSSED Supply Chain is integration of our business processes and organisations around “the entire demand and supply chain” in servicing our customers and managing our inventories
  • 9. Systems Support Demand Planning Performance Metrics Profiles Internal / External The Start Point – Collaborative Effort Process Development & Management Enablers of the Process Creates DC Demand Merchandising at store level Transit to Customer’s Stores Transit to Customer DC Product Allocation to Order EDI transaction to Company In-Stock Levels dictate a suggested order Store Receipt Customer DC Receipt Order Shipment (Company DC) Order Processing (CSC) Order Creation Store Demand Fulfillment (Customer DC) Consumer Take Away Influence Ensure Compliance at the Customer Level Impact at the Customer Level Customer Logistics Communication Internal / External   Demand / Supply Execution Cycle
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. S&OP is Joint Accountability
  • 14.
  • 15. S&OP PROCESS AND MEETING FLOW Category Team Meeting (CTM) Supply and Demand Reconciliation Meeting (SDR) EXCO Meeting BOARD Meeting FINANCE CONVERSION UNCONSTRAINED DEMAND INPUTS FEASIBLE SUPPLY PLAN OPERATIONAL FOREACST Demand Planning Supply&Demand Reconciliation GAP Analysis & Closure APPROVAL
  • 16.
  • 17. What is Customer Service?
  • 21. But more like this …
  • 22. What is customer service Get the basics right … every time Exceed customer’s expectations … In a few areas …Consistently … every time Exceed customer’s expectations … In chosen areas … Consistently … every time UNDERSTAND what your customer wants … And what you can give them Business Planning CS Operations CS Strategy
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Understand your customer The Ritz remember things about you others do not Standard sofa setting Special sofa setting
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29. CCFOT? CCFOT How well we are doing Analyzed to determine the root causes & subsequent improvement actions Highlights the overall losses to our customers
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. In order to compute excess inventory, it is first necessary to determine how much FG stock is needed to achieve targeted service levels given the current supply chain. To do so, each inventory component must be evaluated. Total Current FG Inventory (by key component) Inventory being loaded, unloaded, or transported. Inventory required to cover demand uncertainty (forecast error) and supply uncertainty during lead time Inventory required to cover periods between production or replenishment Inventory required to cover demand in excess of capacity (due to seasonality, factory shutdowns, etc.) Cycle Stock Safety Stock In-Transit Pre-Build Inventory Excess Inventory Forecasting, S&OP, and Mfg. Parameters’ initiatives focus on reducing the targeted requirement by improving the underlying supply chain parameters Inventory exceeding the targeted requirements computed based on CURRENT supply chain parameters 1 Inventory Needed To Achieve Target Service Levels (given CURRENT supply chain parameters) 1 1 The supply chain parameters on which the inventory requirements are based include CURRENT forecast accuracy, forecast bias (if existent), manufacturing lead times, manufacturing deviation, transit times, deployment frequency.
  • 34. Demand for Growth Relax terms Sell, sell, sell Customers’ power Service “no OfS!” Suppliers Pay, Pay, Pay Working Capital tends to GROW! Needs continuous discipline & priority to manage S&OP optimise demand & supply Maintain board level Priority and pressure Discipline on underlying processes
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39. Logistics Support - Full Service LOGISTICS SERVICE NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION FORWARDING WAREHOUSING MANAGEMENT Company CERTIFICATION SUB - CONTRACTING CUSTOM CLEARANCE Bonded WH Factory Area INBOUND OUTBOUND External Common Stock ERP’s
  • 40.
  • 41. Integrator Summary                                                                  
  • 42. Service Providers Role in Supply Chain Management 3PL/warehouse/ distribution management Event monitoring / exception management RFP, RFQ management / execution / financial service Carrier / 3PL management Supply chain reengineering Process consulting IT analysis / implementation Supply chain visibility connectivity / IT integration Knowledge management industry / supply chain Single point of contact Relationship Know-how Consulting Visibility Operational
  • 43.
  • 44. Customer Marketing Why, What, How, & Who.
  • 45. What is Customer Marketing? OUR MISSION : R evolutionalize the R elevance of our Brands at R etail Customer as a communication channel Shopping = brand experience Leverage our brands for the customer
  • 47.
  • 48. Key Competencies Identified Building strategic working relationships Customer focus Facilitating change Technical/professional skills/knowledge Communication Drive for results
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Supply Chain SWOT Opportunities Weaknesses INTERNAL EXTERNAL Strengths Threats
  • 52.  
  • 53.  
  • 54. Personal Profile Nabeel BCS, MCP, ACSA, ITIL Foundation, Career Highlights Bahrain Defense force 94-96, Network Administrator Hi-Tech Business Machines Pvt Ltd, 96-98 Customer Services Manager Etech group of Companies 98 -2001 Country Manager Technical Gillette Pakistan Ltd. 2001 – 2005, A. Regional IT Manager Al Tuwairqi Group of Companies , 05- Present Group IT Manager ( KSA)
  • 55.
  • 56. Future Collaborative Commerce Will Also Be Founded on Data Synchronization Benefits Source: GMA-FMI Trading Partner Alliance, Action Plan to Accelerate Trading partner Electronic Collaboration, AT Kearney Assessment, 2002 1. Common Data Standards 2. Single Item Registry 3. Item Synchronization 4. Collaborative Transaction Management 5. Collaborative Supply Chain Management 6. Collaborative Sales & Promotion Planning 7. Collaborative Insight & Product Development Time/Degree of Trust and Complexity Data Synchronization Foundation
  • 57.
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  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.