Transaction Management in Database Management System
2010 Knowles pk
1. Because they are Elements of Effective Learning
Evelyn Everett Knowles, Ph.D.
2. Information processing point of view
Organize and maximize sensory input
Activate previous knowledge – link
Present in chunks 5-9 items at a time
Require cognitive processing
Allow students to select activities based on
different learning styles.
Motivate students –intrinsic or extrinsic
3. Active processing using meaningful activity
Access direct information sources-not spoonfed
Learn from other’s point of view
Encourage reflection on learning
Meaningful activities – personalize the learning
Promote interaction between learner and the
content
4. Learning takes place in the frontal lobe of the
brain
Learning requires students to process the
new information in their working memory
Sleep is necessary to consolidate new
knowledge into learning.
John J. Cohen M.D.
Keynote speaker at COLTT 2010
5. What does learning theory and
brain science tell us is necessary
for effective learning?
Students need to “process” new knowledge in
order to convert it to long term memory.
6. Linking the new knowledge to existing
knowledge.
Recognizing recently acquired knowledge in a
new context (creates a link).
How?
By practicing
During discussion or writing
7.
8. Listen to what is said
Process what was said
Write notes
Read a PowerPoint
Read a handout
Integrate new information with
existing knowledge
9.
10. Clarify the facts
Model appreciation for the subject
Thinking process for decision making
Examine ethical dilemmas
Illustrate the concepts through stories
Socratic dialogue – question & solution
Give examples to tie new information to
existing knowledge
11.
12. Learning Objectives focus learning:
Make sure students know what they are
supposed to learn before reading.
Tell students what they should learn from
the reading or exercise.
13. Focus and consistency in design of
instruction
Guidelines for choosing course content and
instructional methods
A basis for evaluating what participants
have learned
Directions for learners to help organize
their own learning
Caffarella, R. (2002). Planning Program for adult learners. Jossey-Bass
17. Describe the correct method for citing a book
reference in APA style
Differentiate between MLA style, Chicago
style, and APA style
18.
19. You know students learned when
you can measure the outcome.
20. Establishes the criteria you are looking
for in an exemplary paper or project.
Keeps the grading consistent.
Lets the students know what is
expected of them.
Hinweis der Redaktion
If the instructor is re-iterating what textbook said, then classroom time is wasted. Students need to do the reading of textbook and instructors notes the day before class.
In an active classroom, the students have already read the text and are busy practicing the new information. The instructor guides them by giving examples or modeling how to use the information.
When students are reading their textbook, they might find a detail very interesting and overlook the intent of the reading.