This PPT is for Students of Post Graduation Second semester. This Video contains Information about Assessment and Inventory based on the recommendation of IUCN. How IUCN made , What are the Agreement that IUCN Signed for Conservation of Biodiversity. The Conferenses organized in IUCN, About members of IUCN.

1. Semester –II
PUBOT-509 (CC-8)
Plant Tissue Culture, Ethnobotany, Biodiversity & Biometry
Unit-III
Assessment and Inventory based on recommendation of IUCN
Varsha Rani
Department of Botany
Purnea University Purnia
Monday, May10, 2020

2. Introduction
• The International Union for conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an
international organization working in the field of nature
conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It is the
leading International environmental organization. Its headquarter is
at Gland, Switzerland.
HEADQUARTERS:
Gland, Switzerland
1066 NGOs
16151 experts in
commissions
161 countries

3. HISTORY
• The IUCN was founded on 18 October, 1948 at Fontainebleau,
France.
• It is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global
conservation status of species.
• The organization is funded by governments, member organizations
bilateral and multilateral agencies, etc.
• It is the world's main authority on the conservation status of
species.
• It is headquartered in Gland, Switzerland. India became a state
member of IUCN in 1969. The office of IUCN in India is located in
New Delhi established in 2007

4. CONT.
• IUCN has produced several key international environmental
agreements namely:
 The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD),
 The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
(CITES),
 The World Heritage Convention, and
 The Ramsar Convention on wetlands.

5. Functions of IUCN
• The organization is best known for compiling and publishing the
IUCN Red List of threatened species, which assesses the
conservation status of species worldwide.
• The mission of IUCN is to persuade, promote and help societies to
preserve the diversity of nature.
• Its aim is to protect nature and promotes its sustainable utilization
of natural resources. It also integrates matter of poverty
alleviation, climate change, and biodiversity and gender equality.

6. Activities of IUCN
Source: IUCN; https://www.iucn.org/theme
• IUCN works over a wide range of themes related to conservation, environmental and
ecological issues.
• Some of them are given below):
a) Business and Biodiversity: aims to transform business values, manages and invests in nature,
highlighting the opportunities and benefits of a more sustainable approach.
b) Climate Change: assessing the risks of climate change; practical nature-based solutions
centered on better conservation, management and restoration of natural ecosystems.
c) Ecosystem Management: IUCN works to have healthy ecosystems to provide goods (food and
water,) and services (climate regulation and protection from natural hazards).
d) Forest conservation
e) Protection of Marine and Polar environments
f) IUCN Global Species Programme is to save species for people and nature.
g) Water Conservation and Management
h) Natural World Heritage sites
i) IUCN Global Protected Areas Programme

7. IUCN has generated several resources.
• Such as
a) Conservation Tools
b) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
c) IUCN Red List of Ecosystems
d) Key Biodiversity Areas

8. Conservation tools
• The key objective of IUCN is to share the knowledge. IUCN's
knowledge products consist of conservation databases and tools.
The major list of Conservation databases developed by IUCN is
given below:
• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
• The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems assesses
• The World Database on Key Biodiversity Areas
• Protected Planet assesses
• ECOLEX : a gateway to environmental law

9. a) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
• The IUCN Red list of threatened species was created in 1964. This
is the world’s most inclusive record of worldwide conservation
status of biological species.
• It is one of the most well-known objective assessment systems for
classifying the status of plants, animals, and other organisms
threatened with extinction.
• The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
unveiled this assessment system in 1994.
• It contains explicit criteria and categories to classify the
conservation status of individual species on the basis of their
probability of extinction. The species are categorized into nine
groups by IUCN Red List.

10. Showing IUCN Red list various categories

11. Extinct
 A species is Extinct when the last existing member dies.
 Eg: Dodo
 The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death
of the last individual of the species.
 Total 868 species Extinct in the world.

12. Extinct in the Wild" (EW)
• "Extinct in the Wild" (EW) Species listed under this status by IUCN
are not known to have any living specimens in the wild, and are
maintained only in zoos or other artificial environments. For
example: Alagoas curassow.
• When possible, modern zoological institutions try to maintain a
viable population for species preservation and possible future
reintroduction to the wild, through use of carefully planned
breeding programs.
• Total 78 species Extinct in the wild in world.

13. A Critically endangered (CR)
• A Critically endangered (CR) species is one which has been
categorized by the IUCN as facing a very high risk of
extinction in the wild. For example: Gharial.
• Total 5176 species critically endangered in the world.

14. Endangered Species (EN)
• A taxon is endangered when it is not critically endangered but it is
facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in a near future.
For example: Tiger.
• 7705 species are endangered worldwide.

15. Vulnerable(VU)
• A taxon is vulnerable when it is not critically endangered or
endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in
the medium term future . For example: Polar bear.
• Total 11654 species are Vulnerable world wide.

16. Rare(R)
• Taxa which are not presently endangered or vulnerable but can
become Rare because of small population usually located in
restricted scattered over a more extensive range . For example:
Blue-billed duck.

17. Least Concern (LC)
• A taxon is LC when it has been evaluated against the criteria and
does not qualify for CR, EN, VU or NT. Widespread and abundant
taxa are included in this category

18. Data Deficient (DD)
• A taxon is DD, when there is inadequate information to make a
direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its
distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may
be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data
on abundance and/or distribution are lacking. Data Deficient is
therefore not a category of threat.

19. Not Evaluated (NE)
• A taxon is NE, when it is has not yet been evaluated against the
criteria.

20. Criteria for classification
• The IUCN system uses a set of five quantitative criteria to assess
the threat or extinction risk of a given species. These are the
followings:
• 1) The rate of population decline of a given species.
• 2) The geographic range.
• 3) Population size
• 4) Species size or its habitat area
• 5) Whether these above quantitative properties indicate a high
probability of extinction of species in the wild.

21. b) IUCN Red List of Ecosystems
• The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global standard to access the
conservation status of ecosystems.
• It is applicable at local, national, regional and global levels. It is
based on a set of rules, or criteria, for performing evidence-
based, scientific assessments of the risk of ecosystem collapse, as
measured by reductions in geographical distribution or
degradation of the key processes and components of ecosystems

22. The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is working
towards five major targets:
• Classify and list the world’s ecosystems and document their status.
• Focus not only on threatened ecosystems but also on those that are in
good condition as a result of active management, and so highlight best
practices in ecosystem management.
• Establish a “secretariat” to manage the Red List of Ecosystems process in
collaboration with the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
• Enhance technical and institutional capacity for ecosystem red-listing at
national, regional and global levels.
• Develop strong linkages between good ecosystem management and
sectors which are not necessarily focused on conservation
• (e.g. national and economic planning, livelihood improvement, and the
private sector).

23. IUCN 2017-2020 Programme and future
prospects
• The IUCN Programmes working for people and nature provides the framework
for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating the conservation work
undertaken by the Commissions and the Secretariat with and on behalf of IUCN
Members.
• At present IUCN programme 2017-2020 was approved by member organizations
at IUCN’s World Conservation Congress
• The IUCN programme 2017-2020 has three main priority areas:
• a) Valuing and conserving nature.
• b) Promoting and supporting effective and equitable governance of natural
resources.
• c) Deploying nature-based solutions to societal challenges.
• The aim of IUCN is that up to 2025, to assess the global conservation status of
all of the world’s terrestrial, freshwater, marine and subterranean ecosystems
and to create the first IUCN Red List of Ecosystems of the World.

24. Proposed timeline for development of the IUCN
Red list of Ecosystems to achieve global coverage.

25. World Conservation Congress
• Held once every four years, the IUCN World Conservation
Congress brings together several thousand leaders and decision-
makers from government, civil society, indigenous peoples,
business, and academia, with the goal of conserving the
environment and harnessing the solutions nature offers to global
challenges.

26. • The Congress aims to improve how we manage our natural
environment for human, social and economic development, but
this cannot be achieved by conservationists alone. The IUCN
Congress is the place to put aside differences and work together
to create good environmental governance, engaging all parts of
society to share both the responsibilities and the benefits of
conservation.
Cont.

27. • Information on the new dates of the Congress
• In light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and to ensure the
safety of participants and visitors, the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the French government have
decided to postpone the IUCN World Conservation Congress 2020.
Previously scheduled for 11 to 19 June 2020, it will now take place
from 7 to 15 January 2021 in Marseille

28. Member
• IUCN harnesses the knowledge, resources and reach of approximately
1400 Member organizations. These include States and government
agencies, NGOs large and small, Indigenous Peoples' organizations,
scientific and academic institutions and business associations.
• Organizations and institutions who are interested in becoming an
IUCN Member can find out more about the benefits of becoming a
Member and see an overview of our current membership.
• Existing IUCN Members can log in to the Union Portal to read important
updates, share knowledge, news and information, and learn about new
opportunities.

29. IUCN INDIA
• India a mega diverse country accounts for 7-8% of all recorded species.
• Over 45,968 species of plants and 91,364 species of animals.
• 4 of 34 globally identified biodiversity hotspots: The Himalayas, the
Western Ghats, the North-East, and the Nicobar Islands in India.
• India became a State Member of IUCN in 1969, through the Ministry of
Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
• The IUCN India Country Office was established in 2007 in New Delhi.

30. THANK YOU