presentation by Lisa Kruesi, Helen Morgan and Andrew Heath, given at the UQ School of Pharmacy, 1 March 2013

1. Open Access recent developments:
with a spotlight on pharmacology
Lisa Kruesi, Helen Morgan and Andrew Heath
Scholarly Publishing and Digitisation Service
March 2013

2. Session Objectives
• Introduction to Open Access (OA)
• Setting the scene
• Situation at UQ
– eSpace & green OA
– Spotlight on Pharmacology
– Development of OA research data
• Opportunities & pitfalls
• Who to contact at UQ Library for help
Open Access Logo: Art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, and JakobVoss http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access

3. Open Access (OA) Definition
• OA literature is digital, free of most copyright and licensing
restrictions
• Focus on peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles via Internet
• There are two different ways of obtaining open accessibility to
scientific research results: Green and Gold.
• Open access is also increasingly being provided to data, books
and book chapters, conference papers, theses, working papers
and preprints.
• Open content is similar to OA, but may include the right to modify
the work
• While open access relies on the consent of copyright holders to
share their work, making material open access will not deprive
copyright holders of any rights. Copyright laws still apply.
1. "Open Access." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 June 2012. Web 3 September 2012. available:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access
2. Suber, Peter. Open Access. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012

4. Open Access (OA) Definition
• Green Self Archiving - • Gold authors publish in OA
authors publish in a journal journals that provide free,
and archive or link to a immediate access to the
freely available version of articles via publisher web
the manuscript in their sites that may or may not
institution's repository, or carry author fees. The
in a national repository (for Public Library of Science
example, PubMed Central) (PLOS) is an example.
or post them on other OA • There are hybrid OA
sites. Green journal journals providing Gold OA
publishers are those that for authors who pay an up-
allow self-archiving. front-fee to publish on their
journal’s web site.

5. World’s first
Figure 1: Research Information Network.
scientific journal Trends in the finances of UK higher
education libraries: 1999-2009, 2010, p 17
(Chart 12: Indexed real terms expenditure
per institution on electronic serials)

6. Scholarly Publishing Trends
Australian
Many Universities set Government
Access shifts from up research Most libraries need to
invests $26 million
personal subscriptions repositories to record & cancel journals to pay
to establish digital
towards library- store research outputs for new subscriptions
repositories in
provided access. by University staff and Universities
Tenopir, C. students
1970-1990s 1990s+ 2000+ 2001 2008-2009 2012
Sales of large portfolios of e- Open access emerges led by There is a patchy-
journals content (‘big-deals’) scholars, to make publicly approach world-wide to
to libraries via consortia deals funded research available establishing funding
is the predominant way to all. The Budapest Open schemes to pay for OA
research content is purchased Access Initiative occurs. author fees at
Creative Commons universities
founded.

7. New gold model
Subscriber pays User pays – Gold model
• Journals paid for by • Publication paid for by the author,
readers, libraries and the author’s institution or
institutions research grant
• Payment by annual • Payment is via an Article
subscription / consortia Processing Charge (APC)
deal / page charges
• Payments are transparent
• One-off payments for
specific issues or a fee for
article delivery (pay per • No access restrictions, no logins,
view) no passwords
• Licensed content • Subject to Copyright Act /
Creative Commons
• Content is restricted
Solomon, D. J., & Björk, B. C. (2012). A study of open access journals using article processing charges.
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 63(8), 1485-1495

8. More exposure for
your work
Researchers in Practitioners can
developing countries apply your findings
can see your work
Higher citation rates
Taxpayers get value
for money
Compliant with grant Your research can
rules Influence policy
The public can access ‘Benefits of open access’
your findings (Danny Kingsley and Sarah Brown, 2013)

9. How can the UQ Library help?
• UQ eSpace
– Research outputs including UQ research
higher degree theses
– Text Queensland
– Digilib
• Advice & updates (Copyright & Library Lawyer)
• The Library’s web site for access
• eScholarship: research data, publishing, impact
blog
• UQ Library Catalogue / Open Access Web page

10. Independent of OA
• Journals can be more open or less open. But
there degree of openness is independent from
their:
*Impact, *Prestige, *Quality of Peer
Review, *Peer Review Methodology
*Sustainability, *Effect on Tenure &
Promotion *Article Quality
Taken from: HowOpenIsIt:http://www.plos.org/wp-
content/uploads/2012/10/OAS_English_web.pdf

11. Where to publish
Identifying publishing opportunities
• Decide early (before drafting the paper). Look for a journal and then write the
paper
• Look for journals that have published in your discipline area
• Consider journals that have published work you cite
• Audience – who will read your article?
• Prestige – does the journal appear on the ERA journal listings?
• Predatory Publishers List
• Checklist for evaluation
• Access – will you publish in an open access journal?
• Impact – refers to how often a journal’s content is cited by other authors,
thereby giving an indication of the influence of a publication.
• Likelihood of acceptance – top tier v’s less prestigious journals
• Does it cost to publish in the journal?
• More details: Fact Sheet 8 Where to Publish Your Journal Article and the
Open Access Spectrum (OAS) HowOpenIsIt Guide

12. Open Access - Evolving
• BioMed Central (BMC) Of the 265 journal titles listed within
BMC, 192 (72%) appear on the ERA 2012 Journal List.
(15% discount on publication fees)
Processing fee 15% payable Amount
by UQ payable by the
authors
AUS $1841 AUS $275 AUS $1566
• PLOS Medicine is number five in the top Medicine, General &
Internal – JCRWeb, 2011 – Impact Factor 16.3 (10% discount
on publication fees)
• Royal Society for Chemistry – Gold Vouchers Available
• F1000 Research – offers discounts on APCs
• eLife
• PeerJ
• More details: Open Access

13. Addendum
• All OA journals and 70% non-OA journals
allow authors to self archive their peer
reviewed post prints - for the remaining
journals an authors addendum can be used
to vary the terms of a publication agreement
• UQ Addendum on the UQ Library OA website
• NHMRC Addendum

14. Mandates
• UK Wellcome Trust and the Research
Councils (2006)
• US National Institute of Health (2007)
• Australia National Health and Medical
Research Council (2012)
• ARC (2014)
• European Union (2014)

15. NHMRC Mandate
• Publications arising from an NHMRC supported
research project must be deposited into an
open access institutional repository within a
twelve month period from the date of
publication.
• Mandate applies to material accepted for
publication after July 2012 (based on date
publication agreement is signed or date author
notified – whichever comes first).
http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants/policy/dissemination-research-findings (slide attribution:
http://www.information-online.com.au/pdf/Tuesday_Concurrent_4_1445_Callan.pdf )

16. NHMRC Mandate
• If material cannot be included in a repository, then a
justification must be provided in Final Report.
• It can be the author’s accepted manuscript version or
the publisher’s formatted/copy-edited version that is
deposited.
• If the material is publicly accessible via a publisher’s
website or service such as PubMed Central, then it is
sufficient to deposit just the metadata in the
institutional repository and link to the OA fulltext.
• NHMRC grant identification number must be included
when the material (or metadata) is deposited in an IR.
http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants/policy/dissemination-research-findings (Slide attribution:
http://www.information-online.com.au/pdf/Tuesday_Concurrent_4_1445_Callan.pdf)

17. NHMRC Mandate
Issues:
• Local processes are being developed to help
funded researchers comply with the
mandate.
• Some publishers want embargo periods
longer than 12 months on ‘Green’ OA –
especially if they offer a fee-based ‘Gold’ OA
option.
http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants/policy/dissemination-research-findings (Slide attribution:
http://www.information-online.com.au/pdf/Tuesday_Concurrent_4_1445_Callan.pdf )

18. Australian Research Council
• New policy as of 1 January 2013
– any publications arising from an ARC supported
research project must be deposited into an open
access institutional repository within a twelve (12)
month period from the date of publication.
– http://www.arc.gov.au/applicants/open_access.htm (slide attribution http://www.information-
online.com.au/pdf/Tuesday_Concurrent_4_1445_Callan.pdf )
18

19. Any publications?
• Yes, all publications – including books
Any grant?
• No. The policy relates to Funding Rules
and Agreements released after 1 January
2013. It will not be applied
retrospectively to pre-existing Funding
Rules and Agreements.
(slide attribution http://www.information-online.com.au/pdf/Tuesday_Concurrent_4_1445_Callan.pdf )
19

20. Policy transforming open access
• UK Research Councils OA policy
• Most of the OA Finch Report
recommendations accepted UK government
– Gold OA
• Higher Education Funding Council for
England (HEFCE) plan to require OA
research be submitted to the next Research
Excellence Framework in 2014
• new policy “Increasing Access to the Results of
Federally Funded Scientific Research“ issued by
the Obama Administration & FASTR

21. What is UQ eSpace?
• A place to record and showcase UQ research
publications, raising visibility and accessibility
• An institutional repository for:
– open access publications
– other digitised materials such as photographs,
audio, videos, manuscripts and other original works
– UQ Research Higher Degree Theses + some others
• The single authoritative source for the
publication outputs of UQ systems internal
systems such as Q-Index and UQ Researchers
(and those currently under development)
• Provides data for reporting requirements such as
ERA and HERDC

22. espace.library.uq.edu.au

23. What is in eSpace?
Document type Total records OA records
Journal Article 94965 4245 (4%)
Conference
Papers 36486 2608
Book Chapters 10127 431
Theses * 9681 550
Images 5515 5515
Books 5343 575
* 7484 theses - UQ staff and students only
Other documents types include: Research Reports, Preprints, Working
Papers, Creative Works, Designs, Audio and Videos

24. How do records get into eSpace?
• Weekly downloads from Web of Science –
publications with UQ as the nominated
institution
• Automatic downloads from Researcher ID
accounts
• Manual entry via the My UQ eSpace page (by
staff and Unit Public
• RHD Theses – electronic upload is compulsory

25. Flow of records to other systems
• Q – Index – updated daily from eSpace (this
includes records not yet published in eSpace)
• UQ reSEARCHers – updated daily; only includes
published records
• Used in HERDC and ERA submissions as
required

26. Benefits of UQ eSpace
• UQ eSpace Data is harvested by major search engines
• Page views and Download statistics recorded
• Access Scopus and WOS citation counts
• Supported and ongoing access to your research publications
• Researcher homepage (http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/e1mlu)
• ResearcherID integration (updates and links)
• Unique Author ID
• Accurate data for reporting and individual research reporting (e.g. Q-Index)

27. UQ eSpace – future developments
• OA support
– Sherpa/Romeo integration
– UQDI project (800 items to be added)
– NHMRC OA mandate
• Automated Scopus downloads
• Author ID linking (ORCID, Scorcid, ResearcherID)
• Development of UQ OA policy and considerations
for OA theses

28. Green Repositories
http://www.oclc.org/oaister/
23 million records
PubMedCentral 2.4 million
arXiv (physics) 766,772 (230 records added daily)
RePEC (Research Papers in Economics) 1 million documents (333 added
daily)
Social Sciences Research Network (350,000 fulltext docs)
doab (directory of open access books) http://www.doabooks.org/doab
There are more: Registry of Open Access Repositories
Video – Green versus Gold + Benefits of OA

29. http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/search.php

31. Satisfying NHMRC & ARC Grant Requirements: ERA 2012
top ten pharmacology & pharmaceutical sciences
5 Year
ERA Impact Impact
Rank Journal Outputs Factor Factor OA Archiving Status Gold OA fee Delayed OA Publisher Possible action
1 British Journal of Clinical author can archive pre-print (ie pre- $3,000 12 month embargo Wiley satisfies NHMRC via link
Pharmacology 21.0 (3%) 2.958 3.227 refereeing); author cannot archive
publisher's version/PDF
2 Journal of Biological Chemistry 19.3 (3%) 4.773 5.117 author cannot archive pre-print (ie pre- $1,500 for 12 month embargo American Society for satisfies NHMRC via link
refereeing); author cannot archive ASBMB Biochemistry and
publisher's version/PDF members; Molecular Biology
$2,000 for
nonmembers
3 Toxicon 17.0 (3%) 2.508 2.479 author can archive pre-print (ie pre- $3,000 Elsevier satisfies NHMRC using post print
refereeing); author can archive post-print
(ie final draft post-refereeing); author
cannot archive publisher's version/PDF
4 Molecular Pharmacology 16.0 (3%) 4.883 4.58 author cannot archive pre-print (ie pre- 12 month embargo American Society for satisfies NHMRC via link
refereeing); author cannot archive post- Pharmacology and
print (ie final draft post-refereeing); Experimental Therapeutics
Authors can link to freely available author's
version on publisher's website
5 15.8 (2%) 4.841 4.911 author cannot archive pre-print (ie pre- $3,000 6 month embargo American Society for satisfies NHMRC via link
Antimicrobial Agents and refereeing); author can archive post-print Microbiology
Chemotherapy (ie final draft post-refereeing)
6 Journal of Pharmacy Practice and 14.0 (2%) Not in Not in not in Sherpa/Romeo Society of Hospital
Research JCR JCR Pharmacists of Australia
7 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 14.0 (2%) 2.491 2.605 author can archive pre-print (ie pre- 12 month embargo Lippincott, Williams & satisfies NHMRC via link
refereeing) Wilkins
8 Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 13.0 (2%) 3.055 3.324 $3,000 0-24 months Wiley UNLESS they are funded with a funding
author can archive pre-print (ie pre- organisation that has a specific agreement
refereeing); author cannot archive with Wiley Blackwell
publisher's version/PDF
9 Clinical and Experimental 12.1 (2%) 1.851 2.001 author can archive pre-print (ie pre- $3,000 0-24 months Wiley Online Open retain copyright in their
Pharmacology and Physiology refereeing); author can archive post-print articles and will be offered a choice of
(ie final draft post-refereeing); author creative commons licenses. As above.
cannot archive publisher's version/PDF
10 Pharmaceutical Research 12.0 (2%) 4.093 4.668 author can archive pre-print (ie pre- $3,000 American Association of satisfies NHMRC using post print
refereeing); author can archive post-print Pharmaceutical
(ie final draft post-refereeing); author Scientists/Springer
cannot archive publisher's version/PDF

32. Top ranked pharmacology journals by impact factor
5 Year
Impact Impact
Rank * Journal Factor Factor OA Archiving Status Gold OA fee Delayed OA Publisher Possible action
1 Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery 29.008 32.123 Pe-print immediately Nature Publishing Group satisfies NHMRC using post print
Post-print after 6 months embargo
2 Annual review of pharmacology and 21.639 22.33 Author pre-print immediately Annual Reviews suggest emailing NHMRC addendum to
toxicology publisher
3 Pharmacological reviews 20.225 23.667 No archiving policy 12 months embargo Highwire satisfies NHMRC via DOI link
via Highwire
4 Advanced drug delivery reviews 11.502 14.608 Pre-print or post-print immediately US$3,000 Elsevier Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
5 Trends in pharmacological 10.927 10.322 Post-print immediately Cell Press / Elsevier satisfies NHMRC using post print
sciences
6 Medicinal research reviews 10.7 10.03 Pre-print immediately US$3,000 Wiley No to placing an Accepted Version into a
repository UNLESS they are funded with a
funding organisation that has a specific
agreement with Wiley Blackwell
7 Drug resistance updates 9.559 10.048 Pre-print or post-print immediately Harcourt / Elsevier satisfies NHMRC using post print
8 Pharmacology & therapeutics 8.562 9.35 Pre-print or post-print immediately US$3,000 Elsevier satisfies NHMRC using post print
9 Neuropsychopharmacology 7.991 7.223 Pe-print immediately 12 month embargo Nature Publishing Group satisfies NHMRC via DOI link
Post-print after 6 months embargo via NPG
10 Current opinion in pharmacology 6.856 6.924 Pre-print or post-print immediately Elsevier Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
11 Drug discovery today 6.828 7.155 Pre-print or post-print immediately Elsevier Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
12 Journal of controlled release 6.499 7.529 Pre-print or post-print immediately US$3,000 Elsevier Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
13 Drug metabolism reviews 6.4 6.188 Pre-print immediately Marcel Dekker satisfies NHMRC using post print
Post-print after 12 months embargo
14 Clinical pharmacology and 6.043 6.231 Pre-print immediately US$3,000 Nature Publishing satisfies NHMRC using post print
therapeutics Post-print after 6 months embargo
15 Neurotherapeutics 6.008 Pre-print or post-print immediately US$3,000 Elsevier Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
16 Clinical pharmacokinetics 5.398 4.984 Post print immediately ADIS Press International satisfies NHMRC using post print
17 Expert opinion on investigational 5.274 3.813 Pre-print immediately Informa Healthcare satisfies NHMRC using post print
drugs Post-print after 12 months embargo
18 Current drug metabolism 5.113 4.879 Pre-print immediately Yes Bentham Science satisfies NHMRC using post print
Post-print after 12 months embargo Publishers
19 The AAPS journal 5.086 5.705 Pre-print or post-print immediately US$3000 12 month embargo American Association of satisfies NHMRC via DOI link
via Pubmed Central Pharmaceutical Scientists
20 Journal of antimicrobial 5.068 4.792 Pre-print immediately 12 months embargo Oxford University Press satisfies NHMRC via DOI link
chemotherapy Post-print after 12 months embargo via Highwire
* Source: Journal Citation Reports 2011
indicates deposit of author version to eSpace is allowable within the terms of open access mandate requirements
indicates delayed open access to publisher version will comply with mandate requirements

33. Development of OA Research Data
Open Data is the idea that certain data should be freely available to everyone
to use and republish as they wish, without restrictions from copyright, patents
or other mechanisms of control.
The concept of open access to scientific data was institutionally established
with the formation of the World Data Centre system in 1957-1958.
World Data Centres were established by the International Council for Science to
minimize the risk of data loss and to maximize data accessibility.
While the open-science-data movement long predates the Internet, the
availability of fast, ubiquitous networking has significantly changed the context,
since publishing and obtaining data has become much less expensive and
time-consuming.
"Open Data." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 June 2012. Web 28 August 2012. available:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data

34. Why make research data OA?
The Denton Declaration, An Open Data Manifesto
• Open access to research data is critical for advancing science,
scholarship, and society.
• Research data, when repurposed, has an accretive value.
• Publicly funded research should be publicly available for public good.
• Transparency in research is essential to sustain the public trust.
• The validation of research data by the peer community is an essential
function of the responsible conduct of research.
• Managing research data is the responsibility of a broad community of
stakeholders including researchers, funders, institutions, libraries,
archivists, and the public.
The Denton Declaration, An Open Data Manifesto, The University of North Texas. Web 23 Oct 2012. available http://openaccess.unt.edu/denton_declaration

35. Why make research data OA?
Benefits to researchers -
• Increase how visible your research is
• Preserve your data
• Meet funding requirements
• Stop duplication of effort
• Further the advance of science
• Support Open Access
• Data sharing has the potential to increase citations of your work. The authors
of one study1 established that publicly available data was associated with a
69% increase in citations, independent of journal impact factor, date of
publication, and author country of origin.
1. Piwowar HA, Day RS, Fridsma DB, 2007 ‘Sharing Detailed Research Data is Associated with Increased Citation Rate’. PLoS ONE 2(3): e308. DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0000308

36. OA research data
Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research
“Policies are required that address the ownership of research materials and data, their storage,
their retention beyond the end of the project, and appropriate access to them by the research
community.”
Journal requirements
Publishing in a Nature journal?
“… authors are required to make materials, data and associated protocols promptly available to
readers.”
Nature Publishing Group
BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology also supports initiatives to promote
open data sharing ; BioMedCentral, offers an annual Open Data Award
to recognize researchers who have published in BioMed Central
journals and have demonstrated leadership in the sharing,
standardization, publication, or re-use of biomedical research data .
http://www.biomedcentral.com/2050-6511/13/1/

37. What is novel about Open PHACTS?
Repetition of the pharmacological data extraction, transformation and loading stages at each
pharmaceutical company greatly hinders the drug discovery process.
Open PHACTS integrates multiple publicly-available databases, creating links between the data
present, allowing access to a vast data resource in a stable and rigorous infrastructure. The
provenance of all data is easily assessed, and traceable back to the parent database, allowing the
data quality to be evaluated.
In addition to reducing barriers to drug discovery within the pharmaceutical industry, the Open
PHACTS Discovery Platform allows scientists in academia and smaller companies unprecedented
access to an integrated database of pharmacological information.
The Open PHACTS Discovery Platform draws together and generates links between variably-
sourced data so that industry, academia and small businesses can concentrate on drug discovery.
http://www.openphacts.org/home

38. Open Data - The Future
© ANDS 2011

39. Open Data
From a Nature News special on Data Sharing:
“Research cannot flourish if data are not preserved
and made accessible. All concerned must act
accordingly.”
“Data management should be woven into every
course in science, as one of the foundations of
knowledge.”
Editorial: Data's Shameful Neglect" (10 September 2009). Nature 461, 145 doi:10.1038/461145a; Published online 9 September 2009; Corrected 23
September 2009

40. Opportunities, Pitfalls & Way Forward
• Prof Matthew Brown’s videos:
Part 1: Importance of Open Access to Discovery
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0PWU_VRxoA
• Series of Scholarly Publishing Videos including Open Access
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL00C07719206487B3&feature=plcp
• Vanity Publishing & Predatory Publishers List – OMICS case
example
• Summed up: Whither Science Publishing http://the-
scientist.com/2012/08/01/whither-science-publishing/
• Open Access Week October 2013
• Academic Paper

41. Take home conclusions
• Can avoid paying for gold by depositing manuscript in
eSpace
• Processes to deposit in UQ eSpace are under
development
• Sherpa Romeo & Library Catalogue details on the
embargo period for details
• We wish to learn from your open access publishing
experience
• Contact us for advice & assistance

42. The Future
It is predicted that Gold OA will account for
50 percent of the scholarly journal articles
sometime between 2017 and 2021, and 90
percent of articles as soon as 2020 and
more conservatively by 2025.
Lewis, D. W. (2012) The Inevitability of Open Access, College & Research Libraries, 73(5), 493-506
It won't be easy, and it won't be inexpensive, but
it is only a matter of time.
For the Sake of Inquiry and Knowledge — The Inevitability of Open Access Ann J. Wolpert, M.L.S.
N Engl J Med 2013; 368:785-787February 28, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1211410

43. Who to contact
• Copyright questions
• eSpace questions
• General enquiries
• Lisa Kruesi, Andrew Heath & Helen Morgan