Workshop on Higher Education and Professional Responsibility in CBRN Applied Sciences and Technology across the Sub-Mediterranean Region 3-4 April 2012. Palazzo Zorzi, Venice Session 2. Science and Society - Identifying Priorities and New Technologies Challenges

1. Challenges and opportunities
to establish nuclear Safety
practices
Mahmoud Nasreddine
Venice 3-4 April 2012 Mahmoud NASREDDINE 1

2. Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki 1945
-Atom for peace ( Eisenhower 8
December 1953- UN assembly)
-Creation of the IAEA in1953 . The Statute
outlines the three pillars of the Agency
work:
- verification and security
- Safety
-Technology transfer
Venice 3-4 April 2012 Mahmoud NASREDDINE 2

3. Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki 1945
-NPT
-Opened for signature in 1968
-Entered into force in 1970
-Extended indefinitely in 1995
-Reviewed every 5 years
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4. Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki 1945
-Comprehensive Safeguards
Agreements
The IAEA’s safeguards system functions as
a confidence-building measure, an early
warning mechanism, and the trigger that
sets in motion other responses by the
international community if and when the
need arises.
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5. Atomic bombing of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki 1945
-Comprehensive Safeguards
Agreements
-IAEA safeguards aims to increase the
likelihood of detecting a clandestine
nuclear weapons programme and to build
confidence that States are abiding by their
international commitments.
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6. Three Mile Island Nuclear Station
(1979 )
Chernobyl (1986) accidents
-Convention on Nuclear Safety (for NPP
countries)
- Adopted in Vienna on 17 June 1994
-Entered into force on 24 October 1996
-The Convention is an incentive
instrument based on the common interest
of the parties to achieve higher levels of
safety.
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7. Three Mile Island Nuclear Station
(1979 )
Chernobyl (1986) accidents
-Convention on Nuclear Safety (for NPP
countries)
- National report
-Nuclear law
-Regulatory body
-Regular review meetings organized by
the IAEA.
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8. WTC terrorist Attack
September 2001
-Security of nuclear facilities and
materials (IAEA ,WINS, CoE, schools….)
- Security Council resolution 1540
adopted on 28 April 2004
- IAEA 3 S missions (Safety, Security,
Safeguard)
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9. Fukushima -Daiichi accident
(2011)
-After the Fukushima-Daiichi
accident, many nations are
reconsidering the future of
their nuclear power plants or
their projects to build NPP
(Germany, Switzerland)
Venice 3-4 April 2012 Mahmoud NASREDDINE 9

10. Fukushima -Daiichi accident
(2011)
-The Nuclear Safety attracts
more attention : government
and Industries are reviewing
their NPP designs, safety
requirements, emergency
plans …
Venice 3-4 April 2012 Mahmoud NASREDDINE 10

11. Fukushima -Daiichi accident
(2011)
-An extraordinary review
conference of the Convention
on Nuclear Safety in 2012.
One possible amendment will
cover all the nuclear
activities (not only NPP)
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12. Proposals
to strengthen
the Nuclear safety
in the region
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13. A free zone of Nuclear weapons in
the Middle East will allow the
establishment of a MEATOM (to be
compared to the EURATOM):
-civil cooperation,
-mutual inspection and peer
review…
-strengthening of the nuclear safety
in the region
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14. 1-Technical department
-N. Power plants inspection
-Preliminary technical
assessment for licensing
-Any technical work
requested by any National
Regulatory body in the
member states
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15. 1-Technical department ??
- Any technical report
produced by the department
is confidential and must be
sent to the concerned
National regulatory body
which stays the only
regulatory authority in the
M.S.
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16. 2-Nuclear Safety and Security
institute (NSSI)
-Special diploma
-Long and short term training courses
-Safety and security documents in
national languages.
-Specific training for police and
customs to avoid illicit trafficking.
-Research
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17. 3- Action Plan to face nuclear
events and accidents
-National Emergency agency
-(natural disaster, Nuclear
accident…)
-National Emergency Action plan
-regional Emergency Action Plan
-High level experts (National and
regional levels)
-Specialized Medical Doctors
-Specialized hospital(s)….
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18. The Nuclear Safety and
Security Agency (NSSA)
1-The Technical 2-The Nuclear
department Safety and
Security
Institute
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19. Principles for a Strong Nuclear Safety
Culture (Institute of Nuclear Power Operations 2004)
1. Everyone is personally responsible
for nuclear safety.
2. Leaders demonstrate commitment
to safety.
3. Trust permeates the organization.
4. Decision-making reflects safety
first.
.
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20. Principles for a Strong Nuclear Safety
Culture (Institute of Nuclear Power Operations 2004)
5. Nuclear technology is recognized
as special and unique.
6. A questioning attitude is cultivated.
7. Organizational learning is
embraced.
8. Nuclear safety undergoes constant
examination..
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21. THANK YOU
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