1. EIGHT YEARS OF
ENERGY EFFICENCY
IN CROATIA
MINISTRY OF ECONOMY MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION
AND PHYSICAL PLANNING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY FUND
“Energy Efficiency Project”
2006 – 2013
Croatia
Energy savings through
Systematic Energy Management in Croatia!
2. Process:
Methodology of Systematic Energy Management - SEM
ISO 50001 (2011) Definition:
Energy management system (EnMS)
Is a set of interrelated or interacting elements to
establish energy policy and energy objectives, and
processes and procedures to achieve those objectives
Energy efficiency office
Building
Target setting
Energy audit
Energy
management
Building condition
Savings potential
Proposed
improvements
City energy
management
programme
Simple measures
for increasing
energy efficiencyExtensive
measures for
increasing
energy efficiency
Large deviations from targets Data
analysis
Small
deviations
from targets
Implementing energy
efficiency projects
Decision to
implement
Improvement
plan
Support from
city officials
Local energy manager
Energy management
team
Citizens
Reporting
(Council, building
occupants)
Measurements
Energy efficiency
corner
Energy efficiency
info center
3.
4. Establish the process of continuous improvement of energy
efficiency and sustainable management of energy resources
through systematic monitoring and analysis of energy
consumption data (monthly, weekly, daily), with the goal to know:
WHERE is energy consumed (office buildings, hospitals,
schools, courts, universities…)
HOW do we consume energy (HVAC systems, domestic hot
water, lighting, …)
WHICH energy sources do we consume (gas, fuel oil, wood,
heat, electricity, water)
HOW MUCH energy is consumed and what are the costs
WHO is responsible for energy management
WHAT we can do to increase energy efficiency
On the local, regional and national level:
5. M
PEOPLE
PROCEDURES AND
KNOWLEDGE
EQUIPMENT
Key components
Capacity development
(trained and motivated personnel)
Organisational structure
(defined responsibilities and goals)
Implementation
(measurement and verification of
results)
Result Energy efficiency improvement
Knowledge and education is
KEY of success!
7. • Energy efficiency (EE) part of legislative only in
words
• Lack of awareness, capacity and knowledge,
(especially in public sector) to identify, prepare and
implement EE projects
• Lack of clear organisational structure and
infrastructure to develop and implement EE projects
and manage energy
• General attitude in public sector that: „Energy
expenses are fixed costs, cannot be influenced and
are paid by „someone else”.”
Barriers?
8. Steps on the road to success!
1. Targeted informational educational campaign to increase awareness,
knowledge and motivation regarding EE and EM.
2. Technical assistance in policy development and changes to strengthen and
clarify the position of EE (including strategic documents, action plans, laws,
sub laws, technical regulations etc.)
3. Project implementation plan – Framework of Methodology of Systematic
energy management (SEM) in public sector
4. Pilot project to test and prove implementation plan and methodology
5. Motivation of public sector to introduce EM and become a leader in EE
and EM – Energy charter accepted and signed
6. Scale up on national level including continuous improvement of SEM
methodology, continuous technical assistance, education and actual
implementation of activities.
GOAL: Development of needed knowledge, practical experience and leadership in all
level of structures to make the system sustainable.
9. • Energy Efficiency master plan 2008-2016
• Energy strategy
• First National Energy Efficiency action plan (2008-
2010)
• Second National Energy Efficiency action plan
(up to 2013)
• Law on Efficient end use of Energy
• Several others sub laws and technical documents
Technical assistance to Ministry of Economy in development of
existing and new strategic documents and legal framework
Policy development and changes
10. Energy Charter
Signed by all Cities
(127) and all
Counties (20) In
Croatia
Implementation:
Motivation
12. Cities Counties Total
Letter of intent
102
(127)
20
(20)
122
(147)
EE office 85 16 101
EE policy 87 14 101
EE team 359 43 402
Independent EE Office 5 3 8
Implementation
Cities and counties
13. Activities Systematic Energy Management
Letter of intent
All 20 Ministries (more than 125
institutions)
15 Other national institutions
Building register More than 3750 buildings
Education More than 14000 persons
Implementation
National institutions
14. TOOL:
Energy Management Information System - EMIS
Easy access from any computer with Internet connection.
Web based application – main tool for continuous gathering of
energy usage data in buildings
Enables easy analysis and interpretation of energy and water
usage data on local, regional or national level from one central
place.
15.
16. June 2015.:
More than 10.000 out of 11.000 (estimated) public sector
buildings
(in total more than 13.100 Energy Performance Centers)
In total more than 1.350 active users
EMIS Results: Objects and users
17.
18. Energy Carrier Year Calculated quantity [m³] Number of locked bills Quantity [m³] / Number of bills
Water 2007 7443351,919 30463 244,341
Water 2008 8588021,257 34961 245,646
Water 2009 8772991,439 35594 246,474
Water 2010 8755596,769 38348 228,320
Water 2011 8385436,342 41754 200,830
Water 2012 5637104,380 34041 165,597
Energy Carrier Year Calculated quantity [m³] Number of locked bills Quantity [m³] / Number of bills
Električna energija 2007 286739368,645 42170 6799,606
Električna energija 2008 382219074,600 51544 7415,394
Električna energija 2009 403819055,630 69738 5790,517
Električna energija 2010 429613646,351 93957 4572,450
Električna energija 2011 398470429,940 97285 4095,908
Električna energija 2012 309890233,240 75157 4123,238
70%
EMIS change of trends
0.000
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
300.000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Water [m3] / number of bills
0.000
1000.000
2000.000
3000.000
4000.000
5000.000
6000.000
7000.000
8000.000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Electricity [kWh] / number of
bills
19. Capacity:
Development of human resources (knowledge and experience)
needed for SEM and implementation of EE improvement projects
Process:
Established operational organisational structure for SEM on
national, regional and local level
Tool:
Developed and established national Energy Management
informational system – EMIS
Result:
Established base for continuous and systematic energy
management in Croatia
Key project achievements
20. Project resources:
Experts:
At the project peek (2011) more than 200 experts (53 full time
employees and 167 part time (on call basis))
Financing…
Total budget for 8 years of project implementation (2006. to
2013.) more than 121 million kuna (≈16 million EUR)
Knowledge, Procedures, Organizational structure…
All procedures and activities were developed as a part of
project and can be applied in other countries if adjusted to
local conditions
Estimated achieved cumulative savings until 2013
are around 20 million EUR
21. Human resources 2006. – 2013.
• Central office: Zagreb
• Regional offices:
o Osijek
o Rijeka
o Zadar
o Split
0
50
100
150
200
250
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
VANJSKI SURADNICI 9 34 65 74 116 167 123 115
STALNI ZAPOSLENICI 5 6 16 29 37 53 49 40Full time employed
Part time employed
22. Project budget 2006. - 2013.
Donor Amount (kn)
GEF 24.584.000
Croatian fund for energy
efficiency
86.834.000
Ministry of economy 2.560.500
Ministry of construction 125.000
International organizations
(GIZ, UNESCO, OICE, ICE)
565.600
Private sector (RH) 1.092.000
Cities and counties (RH) 1.245.400
UNDP 4.284.000
TOTAL 121.290.500
≈16 million EUR
23. Estimated savings for all objects in EMIS (absolute values)
Year Energy usage (kWh) Savings (EUR) Emissions CO2 (t)
2011 69.558.000 4.300.000 17.826
2012 69.437.000 4.840.000 19.126
Estimatipon with HDD correction (w/o correction of electical energy)
2011 106.368.000 6.260.000 26.493
2012 141.830.000 8.700.000 19.079 6,40%
Model:
• 1540 analysed objects, cca. 1.6 million m²;
• „Locked” bills for 5 years (2008.-2012.)
• Baseline year 2010.g., savings in 2011.g. i 2012.g.
• Energy usage normalizes according to heat degree days – HDD
• Calculated savings 49.420.000 kWh; more than 2.6 million EUR
Model extrapolated on all objects in EMIS (cca. 8.2 mil. m²)
Analysis of achieved savings
24. • Total estimated saving from 2010. till end of 2012. is cca.
15 million EUR – cca. 6,40% yearly
• Assuming same trends as in 2012., saving until
September 2013. is cca. 20 million EUR
• Savings are achieved with very little implemented projects
of complete building reconstruction!
• Potential of savings after project implementation is huge,
up to 30 – 50%!
• To tackle this potential, ministries are starting national
investments programmes for buildings retrofits.
Analysis of achieved savings
25. Conclusion:
National institutions must be actively engaged
Project implementation unit has to be motivated and proactive despite
slow reactions of national counterparts, and has to apply adaptive
management in order to efficiently reply to changes in project
environment
National co financing is important as it raises the engagement of national
institutions
Engagement of local experts is necessary – local knowledge and easier
acceptance by national counterparts
Change of mentality requires long lasting projects with a firm grip on
activities and constant direction throughout the duration
Open book principle and willingness to allow the national counterparts to
take part of the credits.
26. Energy import and costs
GDP u CRO 2011.
334 billion kuna
(44 billion €)
Total energy consumption in CRO 2011.* 384 petajoula (PJ)
out of which from import** 74%
Energy expenses in Croatia 2009.
50 billion kuna
(6,5 billion €)
15% BDP
What are the potentials?
Data source: Publication: Energy in Croatia 2011, EIHP. 2012
* - eng. Total Primary Energy Supply – Cro. Ukupna potrošnja energije prije transformacija
** - Energy import (Cro. Količina uvezene energije) u 2011. is 283 PJ. Energy export (Cro. Količina izvezene energije) u 2011 is 88 PJ. Difference 195 PJ
Assumption is that all imported energy is used in Croatia, in that case import share is 74%.
if we deduce exported energy that import share is 51%
27. Energy expenses in Croatia 15% BDP
Energy expenses in Croatia 2009.
50 billion kuna
(6,5 billion €)
Out of which in cities 50%
Or
25 billion kuna
(3,25 billion €)
Savings potential 30%
or
7,5 billion kuna
(1 billion €)
= 2,25% BDP
Savings potential
