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1. BIOCHEMISTRY
[B. Pharm – I Yr.]
Topic: Energy rich compounds
Umesh Kumar
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Pharm. Chemistry
Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

2. CONTENTS
• High energy compounds
• Introduction
• Classification
• Biological significances of ATP
• cAMP

3. Energy rich compounds
• Certain compounds are encountered in the biological system which, on
hydrolysis, yield energy.
• The term high-energy compounds or energy rich compounds is
usually applied to substances which possess sufficient free energy to
liberate at least 7 Cal/mol at pH 7.0.

4. Conti…….
Standard free energy of high energy
compounds or energy rich compounds
Standard free energy of low energy
compounds

5. Classification of energy rich compounds

6. Other relevant information
• All the high-energy compounds-when hydrolysed-liberate more energy than that
of ATP.
• These include phosphoenol pyruvate, 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate,
phosphocreatine etc.
• Most of the high-energy compounds contain phosphate group (exception acetyl
CoA) hence they are called high-energy phosphate compounds.

7. ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)
• The three main functions of ATP
in cellular function are:
1. Transporting organic
substances—such as
sodium, calcium,
potassium—through the cell
membrane.
2. Synthesizing chemical
compounds, such as protein
and cholesterol.
3. Supplying energy for
mechanical work, such as
muscle contraction.

8. CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE (cAMP)
• It is a second messenger important in many biological processes.
• Functions:
• cAMP is a second messenger, used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring the
effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline, which cannot pass through the cell membrane.
• It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regulates the effects of adrenaline and
glucagon.
• It also regulates the passage of Ca2+ through ion channels.
• cAMP and its associated kinases function in several biochemical processes, including the
regulation of glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism by activating protein kinas

9. CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE (cAMP)

10. THANK YOU
HYGIA GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
GHAILA ROAD, GAAZIPUR BALRAM,
FAIZULLAHGANJ, LUCKNOW