The Knowledge Exchange is a partnership of six national organisations within Europe. As part of its ambition to make Open Scholarship work, the Knowledge Exchange has developed a Framework for Open Scholarship. This sets out the different phases in the research life cycle against a variety of perspectives that present barriers/challenges for Science/Scholarship to be open, at the same time acknowledging that there are many levels of stakeholders, reaching from individual researchers to institutions to national governments. In this talk the presenters will explain the partnership and share their recent report and current work around Open Scholarship. Chris Keene, Jisc Bas Cordewener, Jisc/Knowledge Exchange

1. Knowledge Exchange introduction
Bas Cordewener, Knowledge Exchange, Chris Keene, Jisc
UKSG – 9-11 April 2018, Glasgow

2. Introduction Knowledge Exchange
UK/Jisc perspective
Open Scholarship theme
Results and outcomes so far
Future work
Relevance to UK and UKSG themes
Comments, questions, contributions
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content

3. Six national organisations within Europe responsible for the national
and international development of infrastructure & services to support
the use of ICT within HE & Research
DFG German Research Foundation
Jisc (United Kingdom)
DEFF Denmark’s Electronic Research Library
SURF (Netherlands)
CSC IT Centre for Science (Finland)
CNRS Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France)
Knowledge Exchange
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4. “To enable open scholarship by supporting an information
infrastructure on an international level”
• Compare and inspire strategies, policies and operational practice
• Improve partners’ performance sharing practice and lessons learnt
and exploring beneficial cooperation
• Explore new developments in the area of Higher Education and
Research infrastructures and services
• Facilitate networks of experts to exchange views and provide
recommendations on desired developments
• Commission studies in areas of mutual interest
• Advise and influence peer organisations, national and international
policy bodies and the EC
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Knowledge Exchange mission & objectives

5. Jisc and the Knowledge Exchange
• Gain and share insight into emerging concepts
• Exchange information with trusted partners across Europe
• Consider issues from an international perspective, e.g. APC’s and OA
implementation and how practice varies due to national policies
• It raises know how and knowledge in informing our solutions an work
to members
• KE work helped inform the development od services as IRUS, ORCID
and inspires the Research Data shared services programme
• Makes it possible to jointly work that one partners on its own
might not be able to undertake, such as Open Scholarship
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6. • Petition to support OA to EC
• Interoperability between Repositories
and CRIS
• OA success stories website
• Multi-national journal licensing pilot
• Response to EC RD ambitions: a
Surfboard for Riding the Wave
• Persistent Identifier project (URN-
NBN, Handle, DOI at one table)
• Guidelines for interoperable Usage
Statistics for OpenAIRE
• Discussion paper Open Knowledge
(eco-system approach)
• Authority Files (controlled
vocabularies)
• Author Identifier Summits (ISNI,
ORCID at one table)
• Value, Cost, Pricing, Sharing,
Funding of RDI
• Sustainable Business models of OA
services
• Research Software Sustainability
• Briefing Paper on Funding RDM
and related RDI
• Incentives and motivations to share
data
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Knowledge Exchange – issues & reports
… and many more …

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Research Data, Open Access, Open Scholarship

8. Open Scholarship theme
• Aims to address OS issues in an integrated way
• External & internal experts in KEOSAG
• Developing a framework with 3+ dimensions
• Primarily focus on two pre-selected topics:
– Economy of Open Scholarship
– Open Scholarship and Researcher Evaluation
• White paper ‘KE approach towards Open Scholarship’
• Workshop report ‘From ambition to reality …’
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KE Open Scholarship Framework

9. • An independent Open Scholarship
institute should be launched
• Institutions to provide Open
Scholarship publication options as
part of the “academic plumbing” like
the telephone and the academic
email address;
• Provide incentives to ensure Open
Scholarship makes sense to an
individual’s career as well as to
society in general
• Show researchers, Institutions,
funders and other actors, and
encourage them to use, the options
that are already waiting for them
• Reliable metrics or a calculator for
likely revenues coming from an open
approach
• Simple to understand guidelines on
sensitive data handling; and an
easily-used and widely recognised
and adopted approval process
declaring data “safe to publish”
• Encourage all of us in our working
lives to challenge any use of
proprietary metrics and to suggest
replacement by public/open metrics,
using our data and our building
power
• New systems for reflecting merit,
contribution and worth of individual
researchers (and, aggregated,
institutions).
• Less measurement by (individual)
citations, more by (collective)
research progress
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Open Scholarship wish list (Christmas 2015)

10. Integrated, holistic approach
Complexity …
• Open has many connotations and consequences
• Scholarship has many actors and stakeholders
• Open Scholarship is embedded in the real world
• Open Scholarship is part of disruption trend
– Opportunities
– Challenges
… leads to safely focus on limited areas/situations
Need to look at the big picture as well …
• at least 3 dimensions: research phase, arena, level …
• identify how these interact
… assisted by a model to get a grip and find a common terminology
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11. KE Open Scholarship Framework
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12. KE Open Scholarship Advisory Group
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13. KE Open Scholarship Advisory Group
• Martin Fenner (DataCite)
• Sascha Friesike (Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam)
• Cameron Neylon (Curtin University, Western Australia)
• Serge Bauin (CNRS-DIST, France)
• Wilma van Wezenbeek (Delft University of Technology Library)
• Laurents Sesink (Leiden University Libraries)
• Jessica Parland von Essen (University of Helsinki)
• Mogens Sandfær (Technical University of Denmark)
• Magchiel Bijsterbosch (SURF, Netherlands)
• Michael Svendsen (Copenhagen University Library)
• David Deroure (Oxford University)
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14. • Open Scholarship can be a more useful narrative than merely talking about
access. Instead the entire research process should accept the challenge to
become more open: encouraging replication and reproducibility; data
collection, sharing and preservation; setting the research agenda; sharing
methodologies; fairer and transparent research(er) evaluation and
transparent peer review
• Academia needs to do its own
collaborative work to overcome
social and political barriers to
organise, share and protect its
assets for the good of research and
all research users
• It also needs to engage positively
with commercial players from a
position of confidence, to protect the
value and the future of the assets
that are created in academic
institutions
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Open Scholarship Workshop (September 2017)

15. • Fear is holding back both development and participation, it can be mediated
by more practical involvement with academics, particularly early career
researchers, on the ground. Perhaps the time has come to move on from
papers to participative activities, workshops, awareness raising and
incentive building. (method by Bianca Kramer & Jeroen Bosman, Urecht UL)
• Work needs to be done to
align the real and perceived
incentives and motivations for
individuals and institutions
(micro and meso) with the
public good (macro)
• Early career researchers can
benefit from engaging
vigorously with Open
Scholarship practice. There
are few risks and many
potential benefits
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Open Scholarship Workshop (September 2017)

16. Current work (1/3)
• Economy of Open Scholarship – models and concepts
– Book Sprint approach
– work title: The Economy of Open Scholarship – a practical framework
for understanding the mechanisms of open scholarship to better enable
it.
– collecting existing relevant concepts and models
– synthesise and agree a on a framework or lifecycle model to enable us
to categorise and organise a complex situation
– understand the scope, motivations, mechanisms and implications of
current and future actions
Questions we wish to answer: How Open Scholarship can overcome its
inability to establish new (disruptive) business models at large(r) scale and
escape being dominated by established (f)actors (e.g. publishers and
journal impact factors, funding limitations, etc.)
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17. Current work (2/3)
• Economy of Open Scholarship – evidence and storytelling
– Use case approach
– Identify existing initiatives that demonstrate success in moving Open
Scholarship forward, or clarify barriers that need to be resolved
– Analyse the examples for patterns that may emerge
– Enhance and use the KE OS Framework to identify interventions
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18. Current work (3/3)
• Open Scholarship – Research Evaluation
– Use case and evaluation construction approach
– Move away from traditional - publication only - ways of evaluating
research, with the notions:
• Open Scholarship aims for a cultural change
• Evaluation should therefore ‘measure’ cultural change
• Cultural change is about research being inclusive and transparent,
about data and processes being FAIR, about actor’s behaviour, about
rewarding all contributions in the research life cycle
– Interact with others (RDA, CO-DATA) to work complementary
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19. Jisc and KE Open Scholarship
Open Scholarship is major ambition for development in the short/medium term
used as a broad fluid term. In KE we work to better understand the full picture.
– What services to provide, encourage members to provide, or to use?
– What third party services to support, encourage our members to support?
– What positions to take on emerging questions relating to open scholarship
(eg about policy, law, governance, technology, business models)?
The Jisc open metrics lab aims to enable practical tests and experimentation
with open metrics to support. KE may help to define
– transparent and understood indicators
– evaluation measurement that overcome traditional citation-based metrics
– ‘responsible’ metrics to inform policy and decision making.
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20. Input invited!
• Economy of Open Scholarship
– Any references/input to novel approaches to Open Scholarship
‘economics’, business models et cetera
• Open Science Research Evaluation
– Any references/input to novel approaches to Open Scholarship
evaluation approaches, metrics and indicators on culture change, et
cetera,
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21. Questions are very welcome!
More information:
www.knowledge-exchange.info
Sarah.James@jisc.ac.uk
Continue the conversation:
Bas.Cordewener@jisc.ac.uk