3. Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine mainly used to treat allergies. It
can also be used for insomnia, symptoms of the common cold, tremor
in parkinsonism, and nausea.
8. Classification of Amines
Replace
one H atom
Replace
two H atom
Replace
three H atom
H
I
H - N
.. - H
H
I
R - N
.. - H
R
I
R - N
.. - H
R
I
R - N
.. - R
(1O),Primary amine
(2O), Secondary amine
(3O), Tertiary amine
9. Classification of Amines
Thus , characteristic functional groups for primary, secondary
or tertiary amines are :
- NH2
..
P- amino
..
- NH
I
sec-amino
..
- N -
I
tert-amino
10. Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines
1. AliphaticAmines
CH NH
3 2
Methyl amine
CH3
I
CH3 - N - H
CH3
I
CH3 - N - CH3
Dimethyl amine Trimethylamine
12. Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines
2. Aromatic Amines
NH2
N - H
Aniline (1o)
Diphenylamine (2o)
N
Triphenylamine (2o)
13. Simple and Mixed Amines
H
I
C2H5 - N - C2H5
Diethyl amine
H
I
C6H5 - N - C6H5
Diphenyl amine
CH3
I
CH3 - N - CH3
Trimethyl amine
If the alkyl or aryl groups bonded to N atom are same, the amine is
called simple amine. However, if alkyl or aryl groups bonded to the
nitrogen atom are different, the amine is called mixed amine.
Simple amines
14. Simple and Mixed Amines
CH3
I
C2H5 - N - H
Ethyl methylamine
C2H5
I
C6H5 - N - H
Ethyl phenylamine
C2H5
I
CH3 - N - C3H7
Ethyl methyl propylamine
Mixed amines
15. Nomenclature of Amines
1. Aliphatic Amines
I. Primary / 1o
amines R - NH2
Alkanamines
CH3NH2
CH3CH2NH2
CH3CH2CH2NH2
(CH3)2CHNH2
16. Nomenclature of Amines
1. Aliphatic Amines
I. Primary / 1o
amines R - NH2
Alkanamines
CH3NH2
CH3CH2NH2
CH3CH2CH2NH2
(CH3)2CHNH2
17. Nomenclature of Amines
1. Aliphatic Amines
II. secondary / 2o amines
R - NH - R
N - alkyl alkanolamines
CH3 - NH - CH3
CH3 - NH - C3H5
18. Nomenclature of Amines
1. Aliphatic Amines
II. secondary / 2o amines
R - NH - R
N - alkyl alkanolamines
CH3 - NH - CH3
CH3 - NH - C3H5
20. Nomenclature of Amines
III. Tertiary / 3o amines
R - N - R
I
R
N,N - Di alkyl alkanolamines
3o amines
CH3 - N - CH3
I
CH3
CH2CH2CH3
I
CH3CH2 - N - CH3
21. Nomenclature of Amines
III. Tertiary / 3o amines
R - N - R
I
R
N,N - Di alkyl alkanolamines
3o amines
CH3 - N - CH3
I
CH3
CH2CH2CH3
I
CH3CH2 - N - CH3
22. Nomenclature of Amines
2. Aromatic amines
Named as derivatives of simplest aromatic amine, ie aniline.
In IUPAC system, the simplest aromatic amine is called
benzenamine
23. Nomenclature of Amines
CH3
NH2
NH2
CH3
N
CH3
H3C
Br
NH2
Br
Aniline or (benzenamine ) o-toluidine or 2-methylaniline or
2 methyl benzenamine NH2
p-toluidine or 4-methyl
benzenamine
N,N-dimethylaniline
(N,N-
Dimethylbenzamine)
2,4,6- tribromoaniline (2,4,6-
tribromo benzenamine)
Br