UK Spectrum Policy Forum Cluster 1 Meeting (Short range devices and Wi-Fi) – 30 September 2014 Murray Niman, Principal Engineer, BAE Systems Current and Future Spectrum Needs for Short Range Devices More information at: http://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum All rights reserved

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Current and Future Spectrum Needs for Short Range Devices
- An Industrial Perspective
Murray Niman, BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
T: 01245-242617
E: murray.niman@baesystems.com

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Introduction
Focus:
• The other Short Range Devices ! - not 2.4 / 5GHz Wi-Fi
• The role/value of these other SRDs is often overlooked
Premise:
• SRDs deliver the greatest cost/benefit ratio of all spectrum?
• SRDs are key enablers for M2M, IoT, Smart Grids, Transport etc
• SRDs also drive advances in ad-hoc/mesh networks, security protocols,
size/cost reduction etc…
Disclaimers:
Views expressed are those of the author.
Third Party sources/images are acknowledged.
BAE Systems accepts no liability for loss or damage suffered by others from errors or inaccuracies in such third party data

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SRD Experience
Work in CEPT (mainly SE24 / SRDMG) has included:-
• UHF SRDs (inc for mesh, sensors and smart grids)
• 2.3GHz Spectrum Release vs 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi/Bluetooth
• 2.4GHz Medical (MBANS)
• 4GHz Wireless Avionics (WAIC)
• 5GHz Industrial SRDs (and now RLAN studies)
• 60GHz Intelligent Transport (as well as 5.9GHz)
• 77GHz Transport Radars
• Now monitoring new 122GHz, and 200-600GHz (intra-chip) applications

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Some typical SRD frequencies today
• 433 MHz – popular in Europe but suffers from blocking by high power users
and restricted bandwidth - not harmonised/preferred for new developments?
• 863-868 MHz – extensively used in EU - but issues with new 4G LTE
• 920 MHz – (ISM /RFID in USA etc)
• 2.4 GHz – Bluetooth/Zigbee etc., but congested (and 2.3GHz LTE concerns)
• 2.48-2.5 GHz – Medial apps (MBANS, implants etc)
• 5 GHz – 25mW generic at 5725-5875 (with Car-Car ITS nearby)
• UWB – Largely a market failure (apart from specialist sensors etc)
• 60 GHz – High bandwidth, spectrally efficient, and now appearing
• 77 GHz – radar sensors – a new tragedy of the commons?
where next…?

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UHF+ Expansion
Original 863 MHz Band seeing enormous expansion from 7 to 20MHz BW:-
• 862-863 863-870 870-876 915-921 (Red=new)
Benefits:
• Globally harmonised RFID (esp for freight, transport, aviation etc)
• Planned spectrum for Smart Grids, M2M
• Enhanced in-building coverage of UHF Wi-Fi (easier than White Space)
Caveats: Will need better ad-hoc protocols, wireless security
- and better receiver performance !

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Case-1: 5GHz for Industry & Economic Growth
• Wireless Industrial Automation (WIA)
covers indoor car plants to
outside oil refineries etc
• These all need reliable sensor/comms
networks – on a large scale
• Accommodates 1000+ device networks
• 5725-5825 MHz deliberately chosen to
avoid Wi-Fi interference
• Spectrum mitigations (inc TPC/DFS)
are similar to the 25mW generic limit
• Reference: CEPT ECC Report 206

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Case-2: 77GHz – crowding up?
• 24GHz wideband radar now discontinued
• 76-77 GHz – Long Range Radar for Cruise Control
• 77-81 GHz – Short Range Radar for Safer Braking
But now new radar/sensor permutations:-
• Fixed infrastructure - roads, tunnels, level crossings
• Aircraft wing tips when taxiing
• Helicopter low flying / landing inc roadside rescues
• CEPT SE24 now has to carefully
study/test each new permutation
- as it has also had to do for 60GHz apps…

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Spectrum Demands
Existing bands increasingly require:
• More selective receivers (now mandated by the new EU-RED)
• Less of a laissez-faire approach by regulators
• Band planning! – based on compatible power categories etc
New spectrum options:
• Unused Mobile bands (1900-1920 MHz and 2010-2025 MHz )
• Proposal soon to use these to expand DECT and SRDs (Draft CEPT Report 52)
• 122 GHz (60GHz harmonic) for new ISM, hi-res sensors etc
• 200-600 GHz range (Netherlands ITU WP1 proposal for non-UWB 100Gb/s
Intrachip comms
So… Is extra 5GHz Wi-Fi poor use, compared to Industry and Automotive?

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Conclusions
• Short Range Devices crop up everywhere
• They provide substantial underlying economic and
industrial value, as well as consumer benefit
• Often provide critical or safety related apps (medical,
transport) etc – despite lack of protected spectrum
• Do they sometimes deserve priority over similar
items such as RLANs/LTE ?