Perspectives from leading device and infrastructure vendors Matthew Baker, Head of Radio Physical Layer & Co-Existence Standardization, Nokia

1. 1 © Nokia 2016
Towards 5G
The technology and standards landscape
Public
• Matthew Baker, Head of Radio Physical Layer & Co-Existence Standardization
• 17-05-2016
• UK Spectrum Policy Forum Workshop on how 5G will emerge in the UK

2. 2 © Nokia 2016
What is the
landscape
into which
5G will arrive?
What will make
5G a success?
What will 5G
bring?
Public
Three questions

3. 3 © Nokia 2016
1. What is the landscape into which 5G will arrive?
Public

4. 4 © Nokia 2016
The 4G / LTE success story
Public
Setting the standard for mobile broadband

5. 5 © Nokia 2016
From LTE-Advanced to LTE-Advanced PRO
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Smartphones
Smartphones , connected cars, Internet of Things
Spectrum
Efficiency
Cells
LTE-U
FDD-TDD
Carrier Aggregation
UHF Densification
HetNets
256QAM
MIMO
CoMP
customer confidential
Three dimensions of evolution

6. 6 © Nokia 2016
LAA provides higher spectral efficiency
than WiFi
Embracing new spectrum regimes
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Single Network Two Networks
Relativecapacity
Capacity with single technology
LTE
Wi-Fi
LAA offers double the cell range of WiFi
0 50 100 150 200
LTE (5 GHz)
Wi-Fi (5 GHz)
Meters
Outdoor micro cell range
Min
Max
Public

7. 7 © Nokia 2016
From macro-coverage to Het Nets with Small cells
630m
Macro site
Small cell
Outdoor
coverage
Macro cell
offloading
Mass event
capacity
Indoor
coverage
60m
Public
venues
Shopping
malls

8. 8 © Nokia 2016
LTE Advanced Pro opening up new ecosystems
Technology convergence across domains, benefiting from economy of scale
Towards vehicular communications (V2X)
customer confidential
• Navigation
• Traffic control and safety
• Intelligent Transport Systems
• Vehicle toVehicle
Pedestrian
Infrastructure
Home
Towards public safety
• High power user equipment
• Proximity
• Group Communications
Towards the Internet of Things
• Low cost modems
• Long battery life
• Enhanced coverage
• Reliability – congestion control
Towards the multi-cell broadcast
• All devices
• Low tower sites
• Single Frequency Network
• UHF (also sub-700MHz)
LTE-A
Release
12…14

9. 9 © Nokia 2016
Mobile traffic growth is exploding...
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
GB
Mobile Data Usage in Finland
[GB/person/month]
• 93% traffic growth during
2015
• Engine of economic growth
• But can consumers and
businesses be expected to
pay 93% more per year...?!
• Hence, revenue to generate
further growth lies in new
industries and ecosystems
The amount customers are willing and able to pay will not!

10. 10 © Nokia 2016
What will 5G bring?
Public

11. 11 © Nokia 2016 Public
5G from Research to Standards
2014 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2021 202220172013
Nokia 5G vision
Olympics Olympics
RAN SI
Channel model AH
RAN WGs tech SI 5G RAN P1 WI 5G RAN P2 WI
System design
& pre-study
Exploration Standard definition 5G commercialization
SA1 SIs SA1 WI
SA2 arch, SI SA2 and CTx arch. P1 WIs
Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel-17
SA2 and CTx arch. P2 WIs
SA3 sec. SI SA3 security P1 WI SA3 sec. P2 WI
Evaluation
Outcome
Proposal window
workshop
future tech trends
IMT above 6 GHz
IMT vision
WRC-15
Specifications
WRC-19
IMT2020 perf.
Requirements &
evaluation criteria

12. 12 © Nokia 2016
5G radio
Sub and above 6 GHz
Smooth 4G evolution
Sub 6 GHz
Programmable
World
5G will complement 4G not replace it
Tight interworking between 4G and 5G
People & Things
<2 ms
3 Gbps
10 ms
1 Gbps
10 ms
150 Mbps
Backward
compatibility
<1 ms
>10 Gbps
Tight interworking
Rel.8...
Rel.10...
Rel.13+
Nokia Confidential

13. 13 © Nokia 2016
5G Targets for the Next Decade of Communication
1 ms
10 Gbps
100 Mbps
1000 Gbps
10.000x more
100.000 connected devices
1.000.000 IoT device density
Latency
Peak rate
Anywhere, anytime
Per km2 capacity
Capacity vs 2010
Per km2
Per km2
Extreme Mobile Broadband
Massive
Machine-Type
Communication
Ultra-Reliable
Low-Latency
Communication

14. 14 © Nokia 2016
#2 Scalable “massive MIMO”
• Agnostic to antenna configuration
Five Key Technology Components of the 5G New Radio
#1 New spectrum
options
• Mainly unpaired spectrum
• Range of licensing regimes
300 MHz
3 GHz
30 GHz
10 GHz
90 GHz
10 cm
1m
1 cm
3 mm
#3 Flexible frame design
User#3
User#2
User#5
User#2
User#4
User#1
User#5
User#1
time
frequency
User#3
One tile corresponds to the smallestuserallocation
Dt
Df
#4 Multi-connectivity
#5 Distributed flexible architecture
Gateway
• Low overhead
• Flexible
numerology
5G
LTE
5G
WiFi
5G
Spectrum

15. 15 © Nokia 2016
3000x Higher Traffic Volumes than Today’s Hotspots
Spectrum
[MHz]
Site density [/km2]
20 MHz
200 MHz
600 MHz
2000 MHz
15/km2 100/km2 300/km2 1000/km2
0.3
Gbps
15
Gbps
150
Gbps
>1
Tbps
Push LTE to
the extreme
Deploy 5G at
cm waves
Deploy 5G at
mm waves
50x
10x
10x
LTE today
Per operator
in downlink
Public

16. 16 © Nokia 2016
Example: Massive MIMO
Public
Requires higher frequency spectrum: 28 GHz is a priority in much of the world

17. 17 © Nokia 2016
Field Performance – Massive MIMO off
9.94 Mbps 88.5 Mbps
Public

18. 18 © Nokia 2016
Massive MIMO / 3D beamforming off
Field Performance – Massive MIMO On 4x Throughput
39.5 Mbps 360.3 Mbps
Public

19. 19 © Nokia 2016
Public
5G on commercial AirScale radio access - world’s first
Investments today will meet future demands
< 1ms
8 x 8 MIMO
Dynamic UL/DL
Optimized frame structure
5G Virtual
Reality
experience
Augmented real
world mobility &
collaboration
Augmented
shopping
Augmented
dashboard
Augmented
gaming
VR gaming
Remote
robotics
Real-time
remote
avatar
Virtual 3D
presence
Real-time
collaborationTouch &
Steer
AirScale
RRH
AirScale
Base
Station
AirScale System Module
App Server
AirScale Cloud BTS Server
AirFrame

20. 20 © Nokia 2016
Public
5G autonomous driving - world’s first
Connected mobility will become a reality
• Autonomous cars, solely
steered by 5G live network
• 1 ms latency and ultra reliability
for fast moving vehicles
• 5G architecture for overall car
traffic performance
Up to 4 times more cars on
existing roads possible
Close to zero fatalities;
1 million lives saved0
Personal time gain
due to traffic optimization1hour
day

21. 21 © Nokia 2016
Public
5G Massive Capacity - world record
>30Gbps for the user, new business for operators
• Combining any kind of access
• For fixed, mobile, human and
machine type devices
• For all traffic types
Aggregated
capacity
AnyAccess
gateway
ASA
mmWave
WiFi
Licensed
G.Fast CPE
Unlicensed
G.Fast ISAM
Shared
Fixed
Mobile LTE-A
faster than 100Mbit/s
commercial fiber services
today300x
Virtual Reality and UHD video
to the mass market

22. 22 © Nokia 2016
Public
Massive Connectivity – world record
Over 1 million devices connected to a single cell site
• Connect billions of devices
• Support diverse applications in
most efficient manner
• E2e QoE session control
more devices than a 3 sector,
2 carrier LTE cell site150xNovel 5G multi-
service waveform
Video
Connectionless
messaging
Application
specific
flexible routing
Simplified signaling
protocols
Superefficient connected cities
become real

23. 23 © Nokia 2016
What will make 5G a success?
Public

24. 24 © Nokia 2016
• Capacity to support continued traffic growth without network congestion
• Spectrum to provide capacity
• Low frequencies for coverage
• Available spectrum is limited
• Benefits of 5G will be in Ultra-reliable low-latency comms and IoT rather than data rate
• High frequencies for capacity
• Affinity with massive MIMO
• Benefits of 5G will include significantly higher data rates
• Light licensing to encourage new players
• Flexible technology to benefit new industries and ecosystems
Public
Conclusions: What will make 5G a success?

25. 25 © Nokia 2016
Thank you!
Public

27. 27 © Nokia 2016 Public
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