Renal function tests
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Renal function tests
- 2. Formation of urine as the waste product Excretion of NPN substances Regulation of salt & water balance Regulation of acid-base balance Production of Hormones Functions of KIDNEY
- 3. Assessment of the extent of renal damage Monitoring the progression of renal damage Monitoring and adjusting the dose of renal toxic drugs Renal Function Tests –required for……
- 4. Renal blood flow GFR Renal glomeruli function Renal tubular function Urinary output RFTs give information regarding…….
- 5. 1. Urine analysis 2. Tests for assessment of glomerular function 3. Tests to measure renal plasma flow 4. Tests for assessment of tubular function
- 7. Renal clearance test Blood urea and serum creatinine Proteinuria Haematuria RFT
- 8. Renal clearance of a substance is defined as the volume of plasma from which the substance is completely cleared by the kidneys per minute
- 9. • Endogenous creatinine and urea • Exogenous inulin Substances used for clearance test Renal clearance test used to assess the rate of glomerular filtration and renal blood flow
- 10. Creatinine • Based on the rate of excretion by the kidneys of metabolically produced creatinine Creatinine clearance test Creatinine
- 12. Normal Sensitivity of the test is less 75ml/min 40% filtered urea is reabsorbed Urea clearance test
- 13. Normal Method of choice for determination of GFR 120ml/min Freely filtered & neither reabsorbed nor secreted by tubules Inulin clearance test
- 15. Blood urea 20- 40mg/dl S. creatinine 0.6- 1.2mg/dl
- 16. Renal clearance test Blood urea and serum creatinine Haematuria RFT
- 17. • Proteinuria in urine is an indicator of leaky glomeruli • 30-300mg/day is called microalbuminuria • Microalbuminuria is the earliest sign of renal damage Small amount of protein usually less than 30mg/day, is found in urine
- 18. Renal clearance test Blood urea and serum creatinine Proteinuria RFT
- 19. Intact glomerulus does not allow the passage of RBC. Glomerular damage, RBC leakage occurs
- 20. Urine concentration test Urine dilution test Specific proteinuria or Tubular proteinuria Glycosuria Amino aciduria
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Cx = (UxV)/P Cx is clearance of a substance x, Ux and Px are concentrations of the substance in urine and plasma respectively, and V the volume of urine per unit time. In estimating clearance, concentration and volume units must be consistent. For example, if urine creatinine concentration is 70 mg/dL and volume is 2000 mL/day, urine creatinine must also be expressed in mg/mL, not mg/dL. So the total amount excreted is: 0.7 mg/mL Ă— 2000 mL/day = 1400 mg/day. A clearance in mL/24 hours can be converted to a clearance in mL/min by dividing the value by 1440, since 24 hours equals 1440 minutes. Quick Formulas for the Calculation of Clearance When calculating a 24-hour clearance in mL/min, urine creatinine excretion may be expressed in g/24 hours instead of mg/24 hours while expressing the plasma creatinine as mg/dL instead of mg/mL. The incorrect use of these units can be rectified by multiplying the final result by 1000 (for using g instead of mg) and then by 100 (for using mg/dL instead of mg/mL). A further correction requires dividing the value by 1440 in order to convert a 24-hour clearance value to a value in mL/min as follows ( Carroll, 1989 ): (14-7) Cx = UxV (g/24 hours)/Px (mg/dL) Ă— 100 000 Ă— 1/1440 Since 100 000/1440 = 70: (14-8) Cx (mL/min) = Ux (g/day) Ă— 70/Px (mg/dL)