PERSONALITY TEST BY Tanoj Patidar, 1st year M.sc Nursing, D.Y. patil university.

1. PRESENTED BY: Tanoj Patidar
1st year msc nursing

2.  Personality: The term 'personality' is derived from the
word persona or the mask. Personality is something that
enables a person to stand out as distinct from others.
The term 'personality' can be interpreted in many ways, It
includes 'temperament' or 'character', but is not restricted
to these.
Personality is the sum total of an individual's Behaviour
as it is shown in his habits of thinking, attitudes, interests,
manner of acting and personal philosophy of life.

3. • Personality refers to 'factors' inside people that explain
their behaviour.The some total of typical ways of acting,
thinking, and feeling that makes a person unique.
By-Mackinnon (1959)
• 'The aggregate of the physical and mental qualities of an
individual which will will interact and function in
characteristic fashion with the environment'.
By-Taylor (1982)

4. • It Is an attempt to measure personality traits, states,
types, and other aspects of personality (such as self
conecpt).
• The first personality test were developed in 1920 and
were intended to ease the process of personnel selection,
particularly in the armed forces.
• Personality tests have become an industry and are used
in a range of contexts, including individual and
relationship counselling, career planning, employee
selection and development, and customer interaction
management.

5. • It is very difficult to form a correct idea of one's personality
by one method or technique. The following are the some
methods used:
A) The Interview
B) Observation method
C) Rating Scales
D) Personality inventories
E) Case study
F) Projective tecniques
G) Situational Test

6.  This is the most common method of judging personality. The
aim of an interview is to collect information about an individual's
characteristic, behaviour, interests, assets and weaknesses.
 The Interview may be structured or unstructured.
 In a structured interview, questions are prepared and the same
format is used for everyone.
 In an unstructured interview, the interviewer asks questions or
lets the individual speak freely so as to get a clear picture.
 The interview method is useful when we are collecting
information from young children, who may dislike answering
questionnaires.

8.  Direct Observation of behaviour can give useful information
about personality characteristics.
 An individual should be observed in various situations for
several days before some conclusions about his/her personality.
 Individual can be observed by more than one person and the
observations may be pooled together.
 Observation of behaviour in children can help us understand
the factors which trigger and maintain behaviour problems.
 Observation can be participatory and nonparticipatory.
 Observation may be concealed or revealed.

10.  Rating scale involved qualitative descriptions of some aspects
of personality.
 Traits can be set up in 5 or 7 categories-excellent, good,
average, below average, and poor.
 Teacher can assess the qualities of nursing student leadership
based on their everyday interaction.Eg.Leadership
 The sources of rating scales depends on the extent to which the
raters are able to give unbiased opinions.

12.  One way of assessing personality is to ask inviduals to
responsd to a self-report inventory or inventory.It is also called
as objective tests.
 These inventories contain statements and respondents indicate
the extent to which the statements are true or false about
themselves or the extent to which they agree or disagree with
them.
 These are used in job recruitment, counselling, and career
planning
 Answer to these tests are scored and compared with the norms
available in the manuals of the tests.

13.  Some well-known personality questionnaires are:
1) Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI):
 It is the most widely used personality inventory for both clinical
and non-clinical populations and commonly used to help with
the diagnosis of personality disorder.
 It was first published in 1943 with 504 true/false questions, An
updated version including 567 questions was released in
1989,and is known as MMPI-2.
 A version for adolescents MMPI-A was published in 1992, An
alternative version of the test, the MMPI-2 restructured form
MMPI-2-RF, published in 2008.

14.  This test takes approximately 60 to 90 minute to complete.
 This test is useful in measuring the anxiety, hostility,
hallucinations, phobias and sucidal impulses
 Responses are scored to produce a clinical profile composed of
10 scales: Hypochondriasis, Depression, Hysteria,
Psychopathic Deviance, Masculinity versus femininity, Paranoia,
Psychathenia, Schizophrenia, Hypomania and social
Introversion,
It is uesd for occupational screening for career like law
enforcement, college and marital counselling.

17. 2) NEO PI-R:
 It is psychological personality inventory with240 items
used to measure the big 5 personality traits:
Neuroticism
Extreversion
Openness to experience
Agreeableness and
Conscientiousness
 It has been widely used in research.

20. 3) THE 16 PF:
 It measurs the 16 sources traits as outlined by cattell.
 It has been translated into over 20 languages.
 It yields scores on 16 primary traits such as social boldness,
dominance, vigilance, emotional stability and rule
consciousness.
 It is used for selection, recruitment, marital counselling and for
therapy planning.
4) THE EYSENCK PERSONALITY QUETIONNAIRE (EPQ):
 It measure the 3 major dimensions: Neuroticism, extraversion,
and Psychoticism.
It used as a clinical test and research.

23. 5) Myers briggs type indicator (MBTI):
It is based on carl jung's theory of personality and one of the
most popular personality inventories used with non-clinical
populations.
 The MBTI measures individual across 4 bipolar Dimensions:
A) Attitudes: Extraversion-introversion
B)The perceving function: Sensing-intution
C) The judging function: Thinking-feeling
D) Lifestyle preference: judging-perceiving.
 It has been used to help people In organisation to understand
themseleves and their behaviour.

25. 6)The California test of personality:
 Developed by G cough in 1975, consist of 480 items such as
social ,educational, vocational and issues.
 It is well known non-clinical test,it consist of 18 scales to assess
social behaviour of an individual.
7) The indian statistical institute:
 It has also released a short personality inventory.
Advantages: it can be easily administerd in large groups of
people and useful in research for data colection.
Disadvantages: 1.Resonses may be biased and not obtained for
all items.2.Respondents may be unaware about their positive
points.

26.  In a case history, we integrate the informaton that we obtain
from various sources about the individual.
 This require many interviews with the individual and with the
person who know the individual.
 This method provides information about the individuals parents,
grandparents, home background, medical history, educational
career friendships, marital life and professional details.
This method is more useful in understanding the personality
pattern of an individual who is maladjusted.

27.  These tecniques are the most recent to have been developed
in the field of personality assessment.
1) RORSCHACH INK BLOT TEST:
• It was developed by Herman rorschach in 1920.
• This test contains 10 cards with ink blots.
• The subject is asked to look at the cards and say what
itreminds him or her of.
• The responses are interpreted based on a scoring scheme and
the structure of the pesonality is analysed.
• used for Degree of intelligence,emotional aspect,personality

29. 2)THEMATIC APPRECEPTION TEST (TAT)
• In this test cards with pictures of human beings are shown one
by one.
• The person being tested is asked to write or tell stories about
''what is haappening in the picture?'' ''what are these people
thinkingand how they are feeling'' ''How does it turn out in the
end'' .
• TAT brings out the dynamic of personality.
• Areas of TAT are family relationships, motivation, inner
fantasies, Level of aspiration, social relationship etc
• uesd to assess the locus of problems, nature of needs, quality of
interpersonal relationship.

31. • It requires the examiner to call out a word to which the subject
respond with the first word that comes to his mind.
• Reaction time and any other behavioural responses, as well as
the response, are noted down.
4) SENTENCE COMPLETION TEST:
• Individual can asked to complete an incomplete sentence.
• The responses are analysed to understand peoples attitude and
motivation.
• can apply in literate.
• Identifies the wishes, desire and inner concept.

33. • The Draw a person test has been usedwith children.
• Play is useful as projective technique,since it provides
opportunity for imagination and fantasy,and also in studying
their personality.
• Advantages of projective techniques is they allow psychologist
to assess the unconscious aspects of personality.and used in
clinical practice and qualitative market research.
• Disadvantages is that they take time and require a trained
person to interpret the response.

34. SITUATIONAL TESTS:
• Situational tests have been used to study how a person reacts
when placed in a situation closely resembeling real life or
simulated one.
• The subject behaviour is evaluated , usually by panel of trained
judges.
• Situational measures of personality came into light after world
war 2, when united state office of strategic services used
situational test for the selection of military personnel for critical
overseas assingments.