In this presentation you will study different types of Housing and Housing Standards.

1. DIFFERENT TYPES OF HOUSING AND
HOUSING STANDARDS

2. GENERAL TYPES OF HOUSING
• THE GENERAL TYPES OF HOUSING ARE:
 DETACHED HOUSING
 SEMI DETACHED HOUSING
 TERRACED HOUSING (ROW HOUSING)
 APARTMENTS

3. DETACHED HOUSING
• IT IS A FREE-STANDING RESIDENTIAL BUILDING.
• GENERALLY FOUND IN LESS DENSE URBAN
AREAS THE SUBURBS OF CITIES, AND RURAL
AREAS.
• SURROUNDED BY A GARDEN.
• GARAGES CAN ALSO BE FOUND ON MOST LOTS.
SEMI-DETACHED HOUSING
• THEY CONSIST OF PAIRS OF HOUSES BUILT SIDE
BY SIDE AS UNITS.
• THEY SHARE A PARTY (COMMON) WALL.
• USUALLY EACH HOUSE'S LAYOUT IS A MIRROR
IMAGE OF ITS TWIN.
• THIS TYPE OF HOUSING IS A HALF-WAY STATE
BETWEEN TERRACED AND DETACHED
HOUSES.

4. TERRACED HOUSING (ROW HOUSING)
• A ROW OF IDENTICAL OR MIRROR-IMAGE HOUSES.
• THEY SHARE SIDE WALLS.
• THE FIRST AND LAST OF THESE HOUSES IS CALLED
AN END TERRACE.
APARTMENT
• THERE ARE MANY SUB-TYPES OF APARTMENTS DEPENDING UPON
THE NUMBER DWELLING UNITS & FLOORS.THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS:
 SMALL APARTMENT
 LOW-RISE APARTMENT
 MID-RISE APARTMENT
 APARTMENT OVER COMMERCIAL
 HIGH-RISE APARTMENT

5. SMALL APARTMENT
• SUCH APARTMENTS CONSISTS OF 4-16
UNITS/BUILDING.
• IT IS OF 2-3 FLOORS AND CAN HAVE
INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR ENTRY.
LOW-RISE APARTMENT
• ALSO KNOWN AS TUCK-UNDER
APARTMENT,GARDEN APARTMENT OR
PODIUM APARTMENT.
• SUCH APARTMENTS CONSISTS OF 12-40
UNITS/BUILDING.
• IT IS OF 3-4 FLOORS.
• IT HAS INTERIOR ENTRY

6. MID-RISE APARTMENT
• SUCH APARTMENTS CONSISTS
OF 60-240 UNITS/BUILDING.
• IT IS OF 5-8 FLOORS.
• IT HAS INTERIOR ENTRY WITH
NET SITE DENSITY OF 26-148
UNITS/ACRE.
APARTMENT OVER COMMERCIAL
• VERTICAL MIXED USE BUILDING.
• SUCH APARTMENTS CONSISTS OF
25-100 UNITS/BUILDING.
• IT IS OF 3-5 FLOORS.
• IT HAS INTERIOR OR EXTRIOR ENTRY
WITH NET SITE DENSITY OF 26-84
UNITS/ACRE.

7. HIGH-RISE APARTMENT
• CAN ALSO BE CALLED AS
ELEVATOR APARTMENT,SLAB
BLOCK APARTMENT OR POINT
TOWER.
• SUCH APARTMENTS CONSISTS
OF 60-300 UNITS/BUILDING.
• IT IS OF 8+ FLOORS.
• IT HAS INTERIOR ENTRY WITH
NET SITE DENSITY OF 60-300
UNITS/ACRE.
CONCLUSION
• THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF HOUSES AND EACH ONE CHARACTERIZED BY SPECIAL CHARACTER AND EACH ONE
HAVE DIFFERENT FUNCTION, MATERIAL AND STYLE.AND MADE ACCORDING TO A SPECIFIC DESIGN.
• ITS BETTER TO USE MORE THAN ONE TYPE IN A HOUSING PROJECT.
• FOR EXAMPLE:
 DETACHED HOUSES FOR PRIVACY AND LUXURY.
 APARTMENTS FOR ECONOMICAL HOUSING UNITS.
 DIFFERENT UNIT SIZES OF APARTMENTS FOR DIFFERENT FAMILY NEEDS.

8. HOUSING STANDARDS
• CRITERIAS FOR HEALTHFUL HOUSING:
 PROVIDES PHYSICAL PROTECTION AND SHELTER
 PROVIDES ADEQUATELY FOR COOKING,EATING,WASHING, AND EXCRETORY FUNCTIONS
 IS DESIGNED,CONSTRUCTED,MAINTAINED AND USED TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
 PROVIDES FOR PROTECTION FROM HAZARDS OF EXPOSURE TO NOISE AND POLLUTION
 IS FREE FROM UNSAFE PHYSICAL ARRANGEMENTS DUE TO CONSTRUCTION OR MAINTENANCE, AND FROM
TOXIC OR HARMFUL MATERIALS
 ENCOURAGES PERSONAL AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, PROMOTES SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS ,REFLECTS A
REGARD FOR ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES AND FINALLY PROMOTES MENTAL HEALTH

9. • HOUSING STANDARDS IN INDIA DEPENDS UPON:
 FAMILY INCOME
 FAMILY SIZE AND COMPOSITION
 STANDARD OF LIVING, LIFESTYLE
 STAGE IN LIFE CYCLE
 EDUCATION AND CULTURAL FACTORS
 STANDARD OF HOUSING VARIES FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY AND FROM REGION TO REGION.
 IN SHORT, THERE CANNOT BE RIGID,UNIFORM STANDARDS.

10. • RECOMMENDED STANDARDS FOR RURAL HOUSING ARE AS FOLLOWS:
 MINIMUM 2 LIVING ROOMS
 AMPLE VERANDAH (SIT OUT) SPACE
 BUILT UP AREA OF HOUSE SHOULD NOT EXCEED ONE THIRD
OF TOTAL LAND AREA
 SEPARATE KITCHEN WITH PAVED SINK OR PLATFORM FOR
WASHING UTENSILS
 TUBE WELL OR DUG WELL WITHIN QUARTER MILE FROM
HOUSE
 CATTLE SHED SHOULD BE AT A MINIMUM DISTANCE OF 25 FEET FROM THE HOUSE
 WINDOW AREA SHOULD AT LEAST 10% OF FLOOR AREA
 SANITARY LATRINE SHOULD BE PRESENT
 PROVISION FOR PROPER WASTE DISPOSAL

11. • GENERAL HOUSING STANDARDS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
 SITE:
 ELEVATED FROM ITS SURROUNDINGS
 INDEPENDENT ACCESS TO A STREET OF ADEQUATE WIDTH
 AWAY FROM BREEDING PLACES OF MOSQUITO AND FLIES
 AWAY FROM NUISANCES SUCH AS DUST,SMOKE,SMELL,EXCESSIVE NOISE,
AND TRAFFIC.
 SHOULD BE IN PLEASANT SURROUNDING
 SOIL SHOULD BE DRY AND SAFE FOR FOUNDING THE STRUCTURE AND
SHOULD BE WELL DRAINED.
 SET BACK:
 IT IS THE OPEN SPACE ALL AROUND THE HOUSE WHICH ALLOWS PROPER VENTILATION AND LIGHTENING
 IN RURAL AREAS - SHOULD NOT EXCEED ONE THIRD OF TOTAL AREA.
 IN URBAN AREAS- ALLOWED UPTO TWO-THIRD OF TOTAL AREA.
 THE SET BACK SHOULD BE SUCH THAT THERE IS NO OBSTRUCTION OF LIGHTING AND VENTILATION.

12.  FLOOR:
 SHOULD BE PUCCA
 SHOULD BE IMPERMEABLE
 MUST BE SMOOTH AND FREE FROM CRACKS AND CREVICES
 IT SHOULD BE DAMP-PROOF
 THE HEIGHT OF THE PLINTH SHOULD BE 2-3 FEET(0.6 T O 1 MTR)
 WALLS:
 REASONABLY STRONG
 SHOULD HAVE A LOW HEAT CAPACITY
 WEATHER RESISTANCE
 UNSUITABLE FOR HARBOR OF RATS AND VERMIN
 NOT EASILY DAMAGED
 SOOTH ( 9 INCH BRICK WITH WALL PLASTERED SMOOTH AND COLORED CREAM OR WHITE)
 ROOF:
 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 10 FEET (3 MTR) IN THE ABSENCE OF AIR-CONDITIONING FOR COMFORT
 SHOULD HAVE A LOW HEAT TRANSMITTANCE CO-EFFICIENT

13.  ROOMS:
 SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN TWO, ATLEAST ONE OF THEM CAN BE CLOSED FOR SECURITY
 THE OTHER MAY BE OPEN ON ONE SIDE IF THAT SIDE IS A PRIVATE COURTYARD
 NO. SHOULD BE INCREASED AS PER THE FAMILY MEMBERS
 FLOOR AREA:
 SHOULD BE AT LEAST 120 SQ FT FOR MORE THAN ONE PERSON AND AT LEAST 100 SQ
FT FOR SINGLE PERSON
 FLOOR AREA PER PERSON SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 50 SQ MTR
 WINDOWS:
 EVERY LIVING ROOM SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH ATLEAST 2 WINDOWS AND ONE OF THEM SHOULD OPEN DIRECTLY
ON TO AN OPEN SPACE
 THE WINDOWS SHOULD BE PLACED AT A HEIGHT OF MORE THAN 3 FEET(1 M) ABOVE THE GROUND IN LIVING ROOMS
 WINDOWS AREA SHOULD BE 1/5TH OF THE FLOOR AREA DOORS AND WINDOWS COMBINED SHOULD HAVE 2/5TH
THE FLOOR AREA.
 LIGHTING:
 THE DAYLIGHT FACTOR SHOULD EXCEED 1 % OVER HALF THE FLOOR AREA.

14.  KITCHEN:
 MUST HAVE A SEPARATE KITCHEN
 MUST BE PROTECTED AGAINST DUST AND SMOKE
 ADEQUATELY LIGHTED
 PROVIDED WITH WATER SUPPLY
 PROVIDED WITH A SINK FOR WASHING UTENSILS
 FITTED WITH ARRANGEMENTS FOR PROPER DRAINAGE
 GARBAGE AND REFUSE:
 SHOULD BE REMOVED FROM THE DWELLING AT LEAST DAILY
 DISPOSED OF IN A SANITARY MANNER
 BATHING AND WASHING:
 HOUSE SHOULD HAVE FACILITY FOR BATHING AND WASHING BELONGING EXCLUSIVELY TO IT AND PROVIDING PROPER
PRIVACY
 WATER SUPPLY:
 HOUSE SHOULD HAVE A SAFE AND ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY AVAILABLE AT ALL TIMES.