1. A Study on fatal Road Traffic Accidents & its
associated risk factors in Hyderabad, AP.
AUTHOR .
DR.SUNIL PAL SINGH. C
PG STUDENT. DR.CH.KOTESHWARI.MD
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR.
DR.D.RAVI BABU .DPH,MD
PROFESSOR.
DR.G.KASHI RAM. MD.
PROFESSOR AND HEAD

2. INTRODUCTION
RTA is a major public health problem
mortality rates 5-10/ 1000 population
injury incidence 70-140 per 1000 population
(Guru Raj and Suryanarayana 2004).
The problem can be solved by simple scientific
methods like
safe roads, safe drivers and safe vehicle .
Recent trends of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA)
:
Represent a major epidemic of non-communicable
disease
Responsible for 2.1% of all deaths globally (2004 )
[Textbook of public health &community medicine by
Rajvir Bhalwar].

3. Fatal Road Traffic Accident -Projections
Fatal Road Traffic Accident is defined as any person who was
killed outright or who died in 30 days as a result of the
accident.

4. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
1. To identify the various factors which are responsible for fatal
Road Traffic Accidents in Hyderabad,AP
2. To identify the accident prone zones.
3. To suggest preventive measures .

5. METHODOLOGY
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study based based, mortem records (Forensic
It is a cross-sectional, record on post retrospective study .
Medicine Department).
STUDY AREA: A total 52 police stations of Hyderabad city.
STUDY PERIOD: 6 months(June2010-Nov 2010)
SAMPLE SIZE: Total number of fatal RTA’s occurred during the study period
which were having complete information were included in the study ( 301 /310
reported cases).
STUDY TOOLS: Post-mortem records from hospital, Panchanama reports
from respective police station.
ANALYSIS: Microsoft Excel 2007 used for data entry. Chi-square test to know
the strength of association between the risk factor and fatal RTA by using Epi-
info version 3.5.2
RESULT PRESENTATION: percentages, tables, bar-charts, pie diagrams

6. AGE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF FATAL ROAD
TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
30.00
28.24
25.00
22.92
%
o
20.00
f 17.61
15.00
D 12.29
e
10.00
a 7.97
6.31
t
h
5.00 3.32
1.33
0.00
0-9yr 10-19 yrs 20-29yrs 30-39yrs 40-49yrs 50-59yrs 60-69yrs >70 Years
Age groups
Higher Fatal RTA were seen in age group of 20-39 YEARS
(>51%) .

7. SEX AND MODE OF TRANSPORT
120.00
100.00 Males
% Females
100.00
92.59
87.65 86.95
O 78.98
80.00
F
D 60.00
e
a 40.00
t
h 12.35 21.02 13.05
20.00
7.41
s
0.00
0.00
PED Cycle MTV 3 Wheeler 4 Wheeler
MODE OF TRANSPORT
Majority population who met fatal RTA were motorized two
wheeler vehicles (MTV) and pedestrians.

8. WEEK DAYS WISE DISTRIBUTION OF FATAL ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Sunday Monday
20% 18%
Tuesday
8%
Saturday
18%
Wednesday
11%
Friday Thursday
14% 11%
Fatal RTA are more during week ends.

9. MONTH WISE DISTRIBUTION OF ACCIDENT
More number of accidents were observed during the
months of June and July.

10. AREA –WISE DISTRIBUTION OF FATAL ROAD TRAFFIC
ACCIDENT.
The present study shows that Keesara and Kukatpally police station areas were
more accident prone zones.

11. PLACE OF DEATH
Out of total fatal RTA s about 28.57% were spot deaths.

12. CAUSE OF THE DEATH
The most common cause of death is multiple injuries.

13. TIME OF ACCIDENT AND SPOT DEATH
120.00%
100.00% 95.80%
spot death
%
o 70.90% yes
80.00%
f
spot death
d 60.00% no
e
a 29.10%
t 40.00%
h
s
20.00%
4.20%
0.00%
Time of accident 12am -6am accidents occurred during day and evening time
Time of Accidents
Out of total fatal RTAs occurred during 12 midnight to 6am about 70.90% were
spot deaths where as it was reverse in other timings. This observed difference
was statistically significant (p<0.001).

14. ALCOHOL AND SPOT DEATH
100.00% 94.55%
%
90.00%
80.00%
o
70.00%
f 59.40% spot
60.00% death
50.00% (+)
D 40.60%
e 40.00%
a 30.00%
spot
t 20.00% death
5.45%
h 10.00% (-)
0.00%
alcohol (+) alcohol (-)
Under the influence of alcohold
Statistically significantly percentage of spot deaths were observed among
alcoholics than non- alcoholics (p<0.01).

15. SPOT DEATH VS HIGH SPEED AND HEAD INJURY
85.10%
90.00%
82.30%
% 80.00%
70.00% Head
o d 60.00% injury
50.00% Yes
f e
40.00% Head
a
30.00% 14.90% injury
s t
20.00% 17.70%
p h No
10.00%
o 0.00%
t
High speed (+)
High speed (-)
speed
Statistically significant percentage of spot deaths were occurred
due to high speed resulting in head injury (P<0.01).

16. HELMET AND HEAD INJURY
90.00%
80.00%
Head
% 70.00% 83.33% injury
yes
o 60.00%
f 74.44%
50.00% Head
I
injury
n
40.00% No
j
u
r 30.00%
e
d 20.00% 25.56%
10.00% 16.67%
0.00%
Helmet (+) Helmet (-)
More percentage of head injuries occurred among helmet users
than non-helmet users (p>0.05).

17. MODE OF TRANSPORT AND CAUSE OF
DEATH
*Mutiple injuries were found to be most common cause of death in pedestrain ,three wheelers
and mtv.
*Head injury is more common in four wheelers and cyclists.

18. CONCLUSIONS:
• The male gender and young adults ( 20-39 yrs) were more
prone for the fatal Road Traffic Accidents.
• Motorized two wheelers were at high risk of fatal road traffic
accidents.
• Fatal RTA are more during weekends and during the months of
June and July.
• Spot deaths are more in accidents which occurred between
12:00am -6;00am.
• Multiple injuries is the most common cause of death followed
by Head injury .
• Over speed and inebriation were the significant factors for the
majority of the head injuries resulting fatal accidents.

19. RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. Safety awareness should begin from childhood and it should be
intensified at young adults.
2. Driving license should be issued after proper verification and
foolproof documentation.
3. Rest rooms must be provided for every 80 km.
4. Helmet for motorized two wheeler riders as well as pillions and seat
belt for four wheeler must be implemented strictly.
5. Separate lane system for high speed vehicles and speed limitation
must be implemented strictly.
6. Drunken driving must be curbed using breath analyzers on highly
accident prone roads.
7. Compensation should made very huge, making accidents unaffordable
so that everyone will be vigilant.

20. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Dr. Siddappa Gaurav, Principal, Osmania Medical College.
Hyderabad.
Dr. Narayana Reddy, professor and HOD, Forensic Medicine.
Osmania Medical College.
Dr.Ravinder Reddy ,professor and HOD, Forensic Medicine.
Gandhi Medical College.
THANK YOU