Bio-fertilizer inoculation procedure for major pulses & Advantages and disadvantages of bio-fertilizer inoculation in pulses

1. Bio-fertilizer inoculation procedure for major pulses
&
Advantages and disadvantages of bio-fertilizer inoculation in
pulses
SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Vikram Singh
Associate Professor
Department of Agronomy
NAI,SHUATS
SUBMITTED BY:
Suman Kumar Dey
Id. No: 19MSAGRO070
Department of Agronomy
M.Sc. Ag.(Agronomy)
II semester
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2. Content
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Introduction
 Bio-fertilizers inoculation in
major pulses
 Bio-fertilizer inoculation
procedure for major pulses
 Advantages and dis-advatages of
bio-fertilizer inoculation in pulses
Reference

3. Introduction
Bio-fertilizer :
 Bio-fertilizer are the microbial inoculation which are capable of
mobilizing nutritive elements required for the plants by fixing
atmospheric nitrogen, solubilizing and enhancing uptake of soil
phosphorus.
 The commercial history of Bio-fertilizers began
with the launch of ‘Nitragin’ by Nobbe and Hiltner,
a laboratory culture of Rhizobia in 1895.
 In India the first study on legume Rhizobium
symbiosis was conducted by N. V. Joshi and the
first commercial production started as early as
1956.
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4. Cont…
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5. Cont…
pulses
like cowpea, green gram, black gram, soybean, chickpea etc seed treatment
of bio-fertilizer is recommended.
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6. Cont…
D) Soil application :
This method vary crop to crop depending upon its duration,
generally for a short duration crop less than 6 months.
BF water
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7. Cont…
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Seed treatment Set treatment
Seedling treatment Soil application

8. Bio-fertilizers inoculation in major pulses
 In pulses for inoculation of bio-fertilizer seed treatment is always
recommended.
 Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Phosphobacteria are
applied as seed treatment.
 Rhizobium has an close association with legumes, fixes
atmospheric N.
 Azospirillum is known to have a close associative symbiosis with
the plant system.
 Azotobacter is a common soil bacterium, present widely in Indian
soil.
 Microhizae (VAM) can increase 30-50 % yield & enhances uptake
of P. Zn, S and water .
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9. Bio-fertilizer inoculation procedure for major
pulses
 Besides serving as an important source of protein for a large portion
of the global population, pulses contribute to healthy soils and climate
change mitigation through their nitrogen-fixing properties.
 Bengal Gram (Desi Chick Pea / Desi Chana), Pigeon Peas (Arhar /
Toor / Red Gram), Green Gram (Moong Beans), Black Gram (Urad
/ Mah), Red Kidney Beans (Rajma), Black Eyed Peas (Lobiya/ Cow
pea), Lentil (Masoor) are major pulses grown and consumed in
India.
1. Bengal Gram:
Treat the seeds with one packet(200g/ha) of Rhizobial culture (200
g/ha) of Phosphobacteria developed at TNAU using rice kanji as
binder. If the seed treatment is not carried out apply 10packets of
Rhizobium (2 kg/ha) and 10 packets(2 kg) of Phosphobacteria with
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10. Cont…
25 kg of FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing. Dry the bio-fertilizer
treated seeds in shade for 15 minutes before sowing.
2. Pigeon peas:
Using rice kanji as binder, Rhizobium should be given as seed
treatment only. For PSB and PGPR, if the seed treatment is not
carried out, apply 10 packets (2 kg) of Phosphobacteria (Bacillusm
megaterium) and 10 packets (2 kg) of PGPR (Pseudomonas
sp.) with 25 kg of FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing.
3. Green Gram :
Treat the seeds with one packet (200 g/ha) of Rhizobial culture
CRM 6 and one packet (200 g/ha) of Phosphobacteria one packet
(200 g/ha) of PGPR developed at TNAU using rice kanji as binder.
If the seed treatment is not carried out apply 10 packets (2 kg) of
Phosphobacteria and 10 packets (2 kg) of PGPR with 25 kg of
FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing.
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11. Cont…
4. Black Gram:
Treat the seeds with with talc formulation of Trichoderma viride @
4g/kg of seed (or) Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed. Bio
control agents are compatible with biofertilizers. First treat the seeds
with biocontrol agents and then with Rhizobium.
5. Red Kidney Beans:
The red kidney bean seeds to be treated with bio-fertilizer of 200
gm for every 30 kg of seed mixed with about 1300 ml of water or
colded off boiled rice starch. The seeds need to be dried in shade for
30-45 minutes before sowing.
6. Black Eyed Peas:
The improved rhizobial strain COC 10 is more effective in
increasing the yield. Treat the seeds with 3 packets (600 g/ha) of
Rhizobial culture COC 10 and 3 packets (600 g/ha) of phosphobac-11

12. Cont…
-teria developed at TNAU using rice kanji as binder. If the seed
treatment is not carried out apply 10packets of Rhizobium (2000
g/ha) and 10 packets (2000 g) of Phosphobacteria with 25 kg of
FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing. Dry the biofertilizer treated
seeds in shade for 15 minutes before sowing.
7. Lentil:
Inoculate the seed with recommended Rhizobium culture at the
time of sowing for getting higher yield of lentil. Inoculation is very
important in soils where lentil is grown for the first time. Mix 50-60
gram Jaggery (Gur) in minimum required amount of water and
moisten the seed recommended for one acre with this solution.
Thereafter mix thoroughly one packet of Rhizobium culture with it
on a clean cemented floor and dry it in shade. Then sow the
inoculated seed on the same day, preferably in the evening because
the direct sunlight kills the bacteria.
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13. Advantages and disadvantages of bio-fertilizer
inoculation in pulses
 Advantages :
• Bio-fertilizers fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and root nodules
of legume crops and make it available to the plant.
• They solubilise the insoluble forms of phosphates like tri-calcium,
iron and aluminum phosphates into available forms.
• They produce hormones and anti metabolites which promote root
growth.
• They decompose organic matter and help in mineralization in soil.
• When applied to seed , bio-fertilizers increase the availability of
nutrients and improve the yield by 10 to 25% without adversely
affecting the soil and environment.
• Provide protection against drought and some soil borne diseases.13

14. Cont…
• Decompose plant residues, and stabilize C:N ratio of soil.
• No adverse effect on plant growth and soil fertility.
• Renewable source of nutrients.
• Eco-friendly, non-pollutants and cost effective method.
 Disadvantages :
• Non availability of quality bio-fertilizers.
• Short shelf life.
• Improper inoculation, means If other microorganisms contaminate
the carrier medium or if growers use the wrong strain, they are not
as effective.
• Adverse climatic conditions like water logging, high temperature
and salinity and acidity of soil.
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15. Reference
http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/org_farm/orgfarm_faq's_biofer
ti.html
https://thebiologynotes.com/biofertilizer-types-and uses/
https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/agriinputs/bioinputs/bio
inputs-for-nutrient management/bio-fertilizers
https://www.agrifarming.in/kidney-beans-farming
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