Causes of Childhood Cancer
 Most childhood cancers do not have a
known cause.
 Very few cancers by environmental &
lifestyle factors.
 Chronic infections.
 HIV, Epstein-Barr Virus & malaria
increase the risk.

Health care Team/ Professionals
DOCTOR
NURSE
RADIOTHERAPIST
PHYSIOTHERAPIST PSYCHOLOGIST
SPEECH THERAPIST
SOCIAL WORKER

Prevalence of Cancer

GLOBAL LEVEL

Top 3 cancers in terms of incidence
Lung Cancer Female Breast Cancer Colorectum Cancer
Top 3 in terms of INCIDENCE
o 2.1 million diagnoses are estimated in 2018

Global patterns by:
Level of human development
Differences incidence rates & mortality rates in countries with high or very high
HDI and countries with low or medium HDI.
Sex
MEN:- WOMEN:-
Lung cancer (most diagnosed & death causing) Breast cancer (most diagnosed &
death)
Prostate & colorectal cancer (incidence ) Lung cancer
Liver & stomach cancer (mortality) Colorectal cancer
Cervical cancer
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women in 28 countries.
The highest incidence rates in:
North America, Northern and Western Europe, China and Australia and New
Zealand, with Hungary topping the list.

Prevalence in INDIA

5 most frequent cancers in ranking
Breast Cervical Oral Cavity Lung Colorectal
• one woman dies of cervical cancer every 8 minutes in India.
• For every 2 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, one woman dies of it.
• As many as 2,500 persons die every day due to tobacco- related diseases.
• Tobacco (smoked and smokeless) use accounted for 3,17,928 deaths (appr) in men and
women in 2018

2018 statistics
Male
Female
0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
Estimated number of
people living with disease Every year, new cancer
patients registered
Cancer- related deaths
Cancer Statistics in INDIA in 2018
2018 statistics Male Female

Prevalence of Cancer in CHENNAI
According to NFHS (National Family Health Survey,
2015- 2016), among the five diseases (Diabetes,
Asthma, Goitre, Heart disease and Cancer), cancer is
the least common,
376 women per 100,000 and 1,828 men per
100,000 reportedly suffering from cancer.

Cancer
& Me

How do I know I have Cancer ?
CAUTION
Change in bowel or bladder habits (pain, difficulty urinating,
blood)
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge from private parts (women)
Thickening or a lump in the breast or elsewhere (neck, armpit,
groin)
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious weight loss, sweating at night, bone pains
Nagging cough or hoarseness, sometimes with blood when you

Why do I have Cancer?

Do’s & Don'ts
Adopt a healthy
lifestyle
Adopt safe
sexual practices
Avoid/ limit exposure
to known
environmental
carcinogens
Go for regular check-
ups & cancer screening
• Do not use tobacco,
Arecanut in any form.
• Avoid second hand smoke
exposure (don’t sit near a
person who is smoking).
• Quit alcohol
Avoid spicy, fried, preserved,
processed and junk food, salt
preserved food like pickles
and very hot beverages
• Avoid stress
• Avoid
sedentary
lifestyle
• Over
exposure to

DIET & CANCER

1. Cancer is contagious
2. If no one in your family has had cancer, you will not get
cancer
3. If you have a family history of cancer, you will surely get
cancer
4.Positive thinking will cure cancer If you have diagnosed with
cancer, shortly you will probably die in a short period of time
5. If you have diagnosed with cancer, shortly you will probably
die in a short period of time
6. Cancer is always very painful

7.Older people are not fit for cancer
treatment
8.Cancer treatment is usually worse than the
disease
9.People being treated for cancer can’t
participate in their usual activities
9.Use of cell phones & presence of cell phone
towers in your vicinity can cause cancer
10.Herbal products can cure cancer
11. Hair dyes & Antiperspirants can cause

An emotional time
shock
Acceptance
Anger
Depression
Denial
Bargaining

Coping
with
Coping with your emotional
reactions

psychosocial factors
effects of cancer
Depression
Suicide
Delirium
Body Image
problemsSexual Functioning
Difficulties
Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder

Psychological support can have a good outcome. It
can help you;
• To accept your cancer diagnosis
• Become more informed about your cancer
• Avoid giving up
• Find the energy to fight for survival against your cancer
• Learn how to relax
• Regain your self- confidence
• Avoid becoming overwhelmed by stress
• Express your anxieties
• Avoid becoming obsessed with cancer.

Family & Care Giver Issues
Psychological
Distress
Impact on
Health
Unmet Caregivers
Needs
Psychosocial
Interventions for
Care Givers

• Regional Cancer Institute
(WIA), Chennai
• Govt. Arignar Anna Memorial
Cancer Hospital,
Kancheepuram