1.
Standards Vs. Methodologies<br />IT Project Management<br />Som Gollakota, August 10, 2009<br />

2.
Project Management Institute<br />A non-profit organization whose sole purpose is to develop and monitor Project Management as an Art and Science, and set forth standards that govern the discipline of Project Management<br />Agreed by millions world-wide to be “the standard” in project management – regardless of the industry of application<br />Most prestigious certifications issued to professionals that commit to Project Management as their chosen field<br />PMI Website – http://www.pmi.org<br />

3.
IT Project Management<br />Deals with managing Information Technology project<br />Standards and Principles of the PMI still apply<br />Technical knowledge is a “nice to have” and not a “must have” – thanks to PMI’s standardization<br />IT Project Management - SDLC<br /><ul><li>Often governed by Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) methodologies

4.
Multitude of such methodologies exist and are followed by various corporations’ IT Organizations

5.
Methodology choices depend on the type of project, business need, environment, and demand</li></li></ul><li>Some Popular SDLC Methodologies<br />Agile – <br />Sequential in phases with short iterative cycles<br />Most effective to deliver ever changing and increasing business needs<br />Most suited for highly competitive market and business demands<br />RUP provides a popular, well-defined Agile process (personal favorite) <br />Waterfall – <br />Definitive phases run sequential with each phase starting after the previous phase<br />Most effective with fixed set of requirements <br />Still used in about 70% of software development organizations, according to a 2007 survey<br />ASAP – <br />Defined by SAP Labs for effective SAP implementations<br />Provides step-by-step instructions and tools to effectively deploy SAP<br />

6.
Purpose of this Document<br />Review PMI Standards, Phases and processes for Project Management<br />Review three IT Project Management Methodologies (SDLC Methodologies) mentioned earlier<br />Align SDLC Phases with PMI Phases<br />Provide a list of PMI Processes, and how they align with PMI Phases, RUP Phases, Waterfall Phases and ASAP Phases<br />

7.
PMI Vs. SDLC – Phase Comparisons<br />New Project<br />Changes and their color-coded impacts to the project<br />Executing<br />Planning<br />Initiating<br />Closing<br />PMI<br />Monitoring and Control<br />Transition<br />Construction<br />Elaboration<br />Inception<br />Go Live<br />Impl. & Depl<br />Go Live<br />Integration and Testing<br />Dev.<br />Design<br />Req.<br />Planning<br />System Concepts<br />Go Live<br />Final Prep<br />Realize<br />Business Blueprint<br />Project Preparation<br />

8.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained<br />PMI – Defines Five Phases of a Project<br />Initiating – Is where the project is identified and defined <br />Project Objectives, constraints, assumptions, Stakeholders, any historical information<br />Dividing large projects into smaller projects and build project charter<br />Planning – Plan project through final delivery<br />Project management plan, Scope, Requirements, team, WBS, Activities, Estimates, Schedule, Resources, Budgets, Risks, Quality – everything to do with planning, and project Kickoff<br />Executing – Is where the chunk of work occurs<br />Final team comes in, works towards meeting the business need identified in planning and ensuring quality of the deliverable, verifying scope<br />Monitoring and Control – Requires a slide for itself (see next slide)<br />Closing – Is where the project is delivered, verified, accepted, and closed<br />A key activity is Lessons Learned and archiving for historic purpose<br />

9.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained (Cont… 1 of 5)<br />PMI Phases (Continued)<br />Monitoring and Control (M & C)– Is where the Project Manager’s prowess (skill and experience) comes handy<br />M & C plans, budgets, scope, schedule, resources, quality, risks, stakeholders expectations, changes<br />Team building, resource, expectations, performance, reporting etc.<br />A continuous endeavor in a project through the lifecycle<br />The sooner M & C starts the smoother the project executes<br />Changes and Change Management<br />The late-breaking changes are very expensive to implement<br />Today’s Reality – Changes occur throughout the project lifecycle<br />Relevant Changes occurred in <br />Planning – Include in current project<br />Closing – Float another, or next version of the, project<br />Changes occurred in early Execution – Relatively less expensive<br />Changes occurred mid- or end of Execution – More expensive (better to redirect them to new project (next product version)<br />

10.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained(Cont… 2 of 5)<br />Rational Unified Process (RUP) – Defines Four Phase<br />Inception <br />Is where most of the PMI-Initiating and PMI-Planning work occurs<br />Planning occurs throughout the project (review, update, and rewrite plans)<br />Elaboration<br />PMI-Planning tasks (elaborating on requirements, final budget, revising/creating plans)<br />PMI-Executing tasks (developing prototypes, building any high-risk requirements, etc)<br />Construction<br />PMI-Executing tasks (building all requirements, verifying them for quality and scope, etc)<br />Transition Plans written, reviewed and agreed<br />Transition<br />PMI-Executing tasks scope verification, quality assurance<br />All the PMI-Closing tasks (final scope verification and acceptance, delivery, Go Live, Lessons Learned, Close contracts, Close project, archive records…)<br />RUP – PMI-Monitoring and Control<br />Because of the iterative nature, all the M & C activities occur through the project<br />

11.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained(Cont… 3 of 5)<br />Waterfall – Defines a total of 10 product lifecycle processes<br />System Concepts Phase (PMI-Initiating, PMI-Planning)<br />Project Charter, initial scope/objectives, cost/benefit analysis, risk management plan,<br />Planning Phase (PMI-Planning)<br />Project planning occurs in this phase including project management plan<br />Requirements Analysis Phase (PMI-Planning)<br />Gather and define requirements, resource assessments, WBS, Activities, Cost, Budget <br />Design Phase (PMI-Planning, PMI-Executing)<br />Activities include analyzing requirements for design and system architecture<br />Development Phase (PMI-Executing)<br />Chunk of the project work (development and white box testing)<br />Integration and Testing (PMI Executing, PMI-Closing)<br />Integrating developed components, verifying (QA), and final user acceptance<br />Implementation/Deployment (PMI-Closing)<br />Migrate the new system to production (Go Live) and close the project<br />

12.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained(Cont… 4 of 5)<br />Waterfall (Cont…) – Defines three additional phases <br />Not included in PMI’s Project Management processes<br />For a good reason – these relate to Product Lifecycle (not Project)<br />Initiation Phase (First Phase, Occurs before System Concepts)<br />Typically occurs before project comes into existence<br />An idea/opportunity/concept is identified and agreed for undertaking<br />Operations and Maintenance (After Go Live)<br />Post deployment (Go Live), beyond project closure<br />Monitor and maintain the final result of the project<br />Disposition (last phase of the lifecycle)<br />End of product lifecycle – defines how the product is decommissioned<br />This activity itself could be a “project” of its own (based on PMI’s definition of a Project)<br />

13.
PMI Vs. SDLC Graphic Explained(Cont… 5 of 5)<br />ASAP – Accelerated SAP – with Five Phases<br />Project Preparation (PMI-Initiating, PMI-Planning)<br />Blueprint (PMI-Planning and PMI-Executing)<br />Requirements, Scope, “As Is” and “To Be” systems (Design), Gap Analysis, and build a project blueprint (complete project plan with schedule, tasks, activities, WBS, Resources – the whole nine yards)<br />Realization (PMI-Executing) <br />Development and implementation of the blueprint<br />Management of scope, stakeholder expectation, schedule, quality, team building, budget, risks etc.<br />Final Preparation (PMI Executing, PMI-Closing)<br />Testing, verification and user acceptance<br />Go Live (PMI-Closing)<br /> New system is migrated to live production, and project is closed<br />

14.
PMI Project Phases and Processes – <br />How Do They Fit Into SDLC Processes? <br />

15.
PMI Project Phases and Processes – <br />How Do They Fit Into SDLC Processes? (Cont…)<br />

16.
PMI Project Phases and Processes – <br />How Do They Fit Into SDLC Processes? (Cont…)<br />

17.
Thank You<br />