4. Segregation
The practice of separating people socially and
spatially based on race and / or ethnicity.
Segregation is imposed upon the minority(ies)
by the dominant group.
United States before the Civil Rights (p.211)
South Africaâs apartheid system
5. Segregation â The Macro View
Segregation is a system
Segregation inscribed in the law: de jure
segregation
Segregation in fact: de facto segregation
8. Discrimination
Individual: one-on-one acts by
members of the dominant group that
harm members of the subordinate
group or their property.
Institutional: the day-to-day practices
of organizations and institutions that
have a harmful effect on members of
subordinate groups.
9. Discrimination
Mertonâs Typology of attitude v. behavior
Prejudiced Attitude?
Yes No
Discriminatory
Behavior?
Yes Prejudiced discriminator Unprejudiced
discriminator
No Prejudiced non-
discriminator
Unprejudiced non-
discriminator
10. Discrimination
Joe Feaginâs four major types
of discrimination:
1. Isolate discrimination
2. Small-group discrimination
3. Direct institutionalized
discrimination
4. Indirect institutionalized
discrimination
11. Segregation â The Micro View
ï§Prejudice
ï§Stereotype
ï§Micro-aggressions
ï§Interpersonal violence
ï§Social control
ï§Social sanctions
13. Prejudice
A prejudice is a negative
attitude based on faulty
generalizations about
members of specific
racial, ethnic, or other
groups.
14. Racism
Racism is a set of attitudes,
beliefs, and practices that is
used to justify the superior
treatment of one racial or
ethnic group and the inferior
treatment of another racial
or ethnic group.
15. Macro + Micro = Structural Violence
Structural violence
Concept coined by Prof. Johann Galtung
Refers to the multiple ways in which social
structures deprive individuals of the means of
achieving their needs and aspirations.
Contrast to interpersonal violence.
Structural violence produces worse social
outcomes for its victims.
16. Structural Violence
There is no benign segregation.
No âseparate but equalâ is possible in a
structurally violent system.
Structural violence includes interpersonal
violence.
System lasts longer than individuals.
Social structures can persist even when belief
systems are less prevalent.
The effects persist over generations.
De facto segregation.