This is ppt.

1. CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND
ANIMALS

2. Deforestation
The clearing of forests and using the land for other
purposes is called deforestation.
The causes for deforestation are
1. Procuring land for cultivation.
2. Building houses and factories.
3. Using wood as fuel or making furniture etc.
The natural causes of deforestation are forest fires and
drought.

3. Consequences of deforestation
The consequences of deforestation are
i) Increase in the temperature and pollution level on the
earth.
ii) Increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere leading to global warming.
iii) Lowering of ground water level.
iv) Disturbs the balance in nature.
v) Decrease in rainfall leading to drought.
vi) Soil erosion and decrease in soil fertility leading to
desertification.
vii) Decrease in the water holding capacity of soil leading
to
floods.

4. Drought
Fewer trees would mean that less carbon dioxide will
be used up resulting in its increased amount in the
atmosphere. This will lead to global warming as CO2
traps the heat rays reflected by the earth. The
increase in temperature on the earth disturbs the
water cycle and may reduce rainfall. This could
cause droughts.

5. Desertification
Removal of top layer of soil exposes the hard and
rocky lower layers, which have very less humus and
air. As they are less fertile, soil becomes like desert.
It is termed as desertification.

6. Conservation of forest and wildlife
Forest and wildlife can be conserved by setting up areas like
Biosphere reserves Wildlife sanctuaries, National parks, etc.
i) Biosphere reserves are large areas of protected land for
conservation of biodiversity and the traditional life of the tribals
living there.
ii) National parks are areas reserved for wildlife where they can
freely use the habitats and natural resources.
iii) Wildlife sanctuaries are areas where animals are protected
from any disturbance to them or their habitat.

7. Biosphere Reserve
i) Biosphere reserves are large areas of protected land for
conservation of biodiversity and the traditional life of the tribals living
there.
ii) Biodiversity is the variety of plants, animals and microorganisms
found in the area.
The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve consists of a National park called
Satpura and two wildlife sanctuaries called Bori and Pachmarhi.

8. Flora and fauna
i) Flora are the plants found in a particular area.
ii) Fauna are the animals found in a particular area.
Eg:- The flora of Pachmarhi consists of sal, teak, wild mango, jamun,
silver ferns etc.
The fauna of Pachmarhi consists of wild dog, cheetal, wolf,
leopard, blue bull, barking deer etc.

9. Endemic Species
Endemic species are those species of plants and animals
found only in a particular area and not found anywhere else.
Eg: Sal and wild mango are the endemic flora of
Pachmarhi. Bison, Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel
are the endemic fauna of this area.

10. Wildlife Sanctuary
Wildlife sanctuaries are areas where animals are
protected from any disturbance to them or their habitat. The
killing or capturing of animals in wildlife sanctuary is
strictly prohibited.

11. National Park
National parks are areas reserved for wildlife where
they can freely use the habitats and natural
resources.
Eg:- Satpura National Park is the first Reserve
Forest in India.

12. Project Tiger
Project Tiger was launched on 1st
April 1973 by the government
of India. The projects aims at ensuring a viable population of
Bengal tiger in their natural habitats and also to protect then
from extinction and preserving areas of biological importance
as a natural heritage forever represented as close as possible
the diversity of ecosystems across the tiger's distribution in
the country. The project's task force visualized these tiger
reserves as breeding nuclei, from which surplus animals
would migrate to adjacent forests.

13. Red Data Book
• The book provides a central information source in
organising studies and monitoring programs on rare
and endangered species and their habitats. It is
regularly consulted when developing and
implementing special measures for
the protection and rehabilitation of such species.

14. Endangered Animals
Endangered animals are those animals whose numbers are
diminishing and might face extinction.
Eg:- Tiger is one of the many animals which are slowly diminishing.
To protect the tigers in our country the government launched the
Project Tiger to ensure the survival of tiger population.
Dinosaurs have already become extinct.
Red Data Books are books which keeps a record of all endangered
plants and animals.

15. Ecosystem
An ecosystem consists of all the plants, animals and
microorganisms living in an area along with the non living
components like climate, water, soil, river deltas etc.

16. Migration
Migration is the movement of animals from its own
habitat to some other habitat for a particular time
period every year due to climatic changes or for
breeding.
Birds which fly very long distances to reach another
land are called migratory birds.

17. Recycling of paper
About seventeen full grown trees are required to
produce one tonne of paper. Paper can be recycled
about five to seven times for use. We should save,
reuse and recycle paper to save not only trees but
also to save the energy, water and chemicals used to
make paper.

18. Reforestation
Reforestation is the restocking of destroyed
forests by planting new trees.
We should plant at least as many trees as we cut.
We have already caused a lot of damage to our
forests. If we have to regain our green wealth,
reforestation is the only option.

19. Thank You
Made By:
Ayush Singh