The document discusses thorium as a potential energy source. It notes that thorium-based nuclear power generates electricity through the fission of uranium-233 produced from thorium-232. Thorium has several advantages over uranium, including being more abundant in the Earth's crust, having a longer fuel cycle, and allowing for safer reactor designs. The document concludes that thorium could help meet growing energy demand in a more effective and environmentally-friendly manner compared to current nuclear and fossil fuel options.

1. THORIUM AS AN ENERGY OPTION
By: Shubham Jaswal
ME/15/729

2. Importance of energy
Electricity
Electricity is the great invention of Human
being. The electricity has brought our lives from
darkness to light.
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3. Energy Sources
Sources of Electricity
 The major source where we getting electricity is from Fossil
Fuels mainly coal.
 Next to the coal, gases are used for generating electricity
 Hydropower
 Nuclear energy
 Oil
 Others(solar, wind,)
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4. Sources by Percentage
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Why be need new energy sources?
•Today 1.2 billion people in world are living without electricity.
•Increasing energy demand
•Depleting fossil fuels (Worlds 70% energy demand fulfilled)
•We cannot build hydro dam every where.
•Wind ,solar energy cannot are not reliable option of energy (space,
cost, need of backup plant, need of storage medium)
•Uranium Nuclear energy(only 0.7% uranium exist in earth to total
matter)

6. Thorium as energy option
Thorium-based nuclear power is nuclear reactor-based electrical
power generation fuelled primarily by the fission of the isotope
uranium-233 produced from the fertile element thorium. Uranium-
233, transmuted from thorium 232, derived from natural mined
thorium.
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7. July 17, 2019
Application of Thorium
 Desalination of water.
 Hydrogen production by water splitting.
 Combined heat and power.
 Nuclear marine propulsion.

8. ADVANTAGES
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Uranium Thorium
Known Reserves 5,902,500 tonnes 6,355,000 tonnes
Abundance in earth
crust
2.8 ppm 10.7 ppm
Isotopic Abundance U-235 - 0.72% U-238 -
99.27%
Th-232 – 100%
Relative Abundance

9. ADVANTAGES
Mining
 Mining thorium is safer and more efficient than mining
uranium.
 less dangerous.
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10. Energy efficiency
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ADVANTAGES

11. ADVANTAGES
Safety
 Stable coolant- Molten fluorides are chemically stable and
impervious to radiation
 Low pressure operation- Because the coolant salts remain liquid
at high temperatures, LFTR cores are designed to operate at low
pressures
 Leak Resistance -Due to the low pressure operation , the potential
for large leaks is also greatly reduced
 Easier to control
July 17, 2019Presentation on Forms of communication

12. Conclusion
The energy released from nuclear fission is approximately 1
million times greater than the energy released from chemical
combustion from fossil fuels. Today we rely on Uranium 235
to provide us with our nuclear energy, however this only
represents about 0.7% of the Uranium found on the planet
(the majority being Uranium-238).
The Thorium as energy source can act as a best substitute in
meeting demand effectively and can deal with basic
environmental problem and can act as safe and reliable energy
source.
July 17, 2019Presentation on Forms of communication

13. References
 “Thorium”. UIC Briefing Paper # 67. November 2006.
http://www.uic.com.au/nip67.htm - Stanculescu,A; “IAEA
Activities in the Area of Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems”
(Abstract). IAEA, Division of Nuclear Power, Nuclear Power
Development Section, Vienna, Austria.
http://www.nea.fr/html/pt/docs/iem/madrid00/Proceedings/activities_
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14. CORE JAVA
THANK YOU