2. 
Internal Communication: Downward, Upward
and Horizontal

External Communication

3. 
Context

Sender-Encoder

Message

Medium

Receiver-Decoder

Feedback

4. 
Written/Oral Message begins with a context

Context – a broad term that includes country,
culture, organization, external and internal
stimuli etc

Different Conventions/ rules and regulation
of every country, culture, organization etc

5. 
Writer/speaker (depends on message)

Written/oral

Audience

6. 
Verbal (written or spoken)

Non-verbal (signs and symbols)

Focus on audience (receiver) and context

7. 
Electronic mail

Phone call

Letter

Fax

Memo etc

8. 
Reader/listener

One or more receivers

Interpretation of the message (verbal & nonverbal)

9. 
Response/reaction of the audience (receiver)

Feedback can be oral/written

Success/failure of communication

10. 
Immediate Feedback

Shorter sentences and shorter words

Conversational

Prompt action

Less detailed technical information

More colloquial language

More interrogative and exclamatory sentences

11. 
Delayed Feedback

longer sentences and longer words

More Formal

Delayed action

More detailed technical information

Useful for permanent record: Documentation

Possibility of review