GLASS (PRODUCTION,COMPONENTS,ADVANTAGES & DIS-ADVANTAGES,10 TYPES, USED FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES ETC).

1. Elements of Civil Engineering
BY :-
SHIVAM MEHTA

2. GLASS PRODUCTION
Glass production involves 2 main methods:
•the float glass process which produces sheet glass
• Glassblowing which produces bottles and other containers.
 GLASS CONTAINER FACTORIES :-
 Modern glass container factories are 3 part operations: -
the batch house, the hot end, and the cold end
• The batch house handles the raw materials
• The hot end handles the manufacture proper — the furnaces,
annealing ovens, and forming machines
•The cold end handles the product-inspection and packaging
equipment.

3. GLASS COMPONENTS
Glass is an amorphous (non-
crystalline) solid material which is
often transparent and has
widespread practical, technological,
and decorative usage in things like
window panes, tableware, and
optoelectronics.
 The most familiar, and historically
the oldest, types of glass are based
on the chemical
compound silica (silicon dioxide),
the primary constituent of sand.

4. ADVANTAGES & DIS-ADVANTAGES OF
GLASS
 Advantages :-
-Can be made in different sizes
-Can be colored or colorless
-Does not rust
-Waterproof
 Disadvantages :-
-An expensive material
 -Breaks easily-Melts in high temperatures
-When broken, the pieces may be sharp

5. TYPES
OF
GLASS

6. Types Of glass
 Float glass
Is Made up of floating molten glass on
a bed of molten tin.
This method gives the sheet uniform
thickness and very flat surfaces.
Modern windows are made from float
glass.

7. Types Of Glass
 Laminated Glass
Type of safety glass that holds
together when shattered
Held in place by interlayer, typically
of polyvinyl betrayal, between its
two or more layers of glass
Interlayer keeps it bonded when
broken.
Produces spider web pattern when
broken.

8. Types Of Glass
 Stained Glass
The term explains a glass generally
refers to glass that has been
colored by adding metallic salts
during the manufacture.
The colored glass is crafted into
stained glass windows in which
small pieces of glass are arranged
to form patterns or pictures, held
together by strips of lead and
supported by a rigid frame.

9. Types Of Glass
 Tinted Glass
There are many varieties into this type like tinted float glass, including
colors of dark blue, French green, dark green, dark grey, bronze and
pink.

10. Types Of Glass
 Figured Glass
They are of two types.
1) Clear
2) Colored
The patterns are of flora,
kasumi, mistlite, Pin Head,
Reeded, Yozura, Konoha,
Karatachi etc,

11. Types Of glass
 Beveled Glass
Usually made by taking one
quarter inch thick clear glass
and creating a one inch bevel
on one side around the entire
periphery.
This bevels act like prisms in
sunlight creating interesting
color diffraction which both
highlights the glasswork and
provides a spectrum of colors
which are usually absent in float
glass.
These can vary from simple
three or four piece designs.

12. Types Of Glass
 Toughened Glass

13. Types Of Glass
 Insulated Glass
Consists Of two or more lites
of glass separated by a
hermitically sealed space for
thermal insulation and
condensation control.
Used Specially for windows,
curtain walls and skylights.

14. Types Of Glass
 Wired Glass
Involves steel wires rolled
into sheets of glass.
A wire mesh is inserted
during the manufacturing of
plate glass, allowing the
glass to adhere together
when cracked.
Can Be qualified as safety
glass for some applications.

15. GLASS USED FOR
DIFFERENT
PURPOSES

18. APPLICATION OF
GLASS
IN
BUILDING’S

19. USE OF GLASS IN EXTERIOR &
INTERIOR

20. USE OF GLASS FOR WALL

21. FIXING OF GLASS

22. GLASS STARIS

23. Thank You