common helminnthic infections,thiers incidence,compications and management

1. Helminthic infections
Dr Shambhavi Sharma

2. epidemiology
• Major disease burden among chiLdren in
developing countries
3 groups of worms can affect the patients:
cestodes ( tapeworm)
Nematodes( roundworms)
Trematodes ( flukes) uncommon in children

7. Nematodes ( round worms)
• round worm
• Pin worm
• Hookworm
• Thread worm
• Strongyloides
• whipworm

8. hookworm

9. roundworm

10. Pin worm

11. Thread worm

13. Whip worm

15. diagnosis
• examination of faeces for characteristics of
eggs and worms
• Others: USG abdomen and pelvis
• complete blood count
• chest x-ray
• CECT head

16. • Treatment
• Albendazole 400 mg singe dose
• Mebendazole
• Pyrental pamoate

17. Cestode( tape worms) taenia solium,
taenia saginata

18. • Clinical features:
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Cyst of tape worm can lodge in skin,spinal
cord ,skeletal muscles,brain( most
common),eyes

19. • Cyst in brain parenchyma( neurocysticercosis)
• Can cause: focal seizures, generallized seixures
headache, neurological deficits, nausea, vomiting
,unconsciousness,meningeal irritation
• Cyst in eye can cause impaired vision
• Cyst in spinal cord: paraplegia,pain,parasthesia
• Cyst in muscles are asymptomatic,may Present
with a nodule

20. • Diagnosis:
• Stool examination: eggs,worm
• Brain: CECT: ring enhancing lesion
• ELISA
• Ocular CT,ultrasonography
• Skin biopsy

21. Complications:
• Seizures
• Neurological deficits
• Vision impairment
• Malnutrition
• Intestinal obstruction

22. treatment
• For taeniasis: praziquantel (5-10 mg/kg) single
dose
• Or niclosamide (50 mg/kg) once
• For neurocysticercosis:
• Praziquantel 50mg/kg/day TDS for 30 days
• Albendazole 15 mg/kg/day BD for 30 days
• Anti seizure medications: carbamazepine
• To decrease brain inflammation: steroids
• Surgery if features of raised ICP, intraocular cysts

23. prevention

24. Deworming

25. • Thank you
• 

26. • Drugs for deworming
Albendazole, mebendazole