1.
Meaning of the word Poetry:
Poetry is a word of Greek origin. It comes
from a verb with means “to make, to create”.
A Poem is “something made or created”.
The Poet is the creator and language is the
material out of which s/he creates his/her work
of art.

2.
What is POETRY?
• Poetry is the art of expressing your thoughts in rhythmic,
Descriptive language.
• Poetry is meant to be read aloud.
• People use poems to describe their emotions so that
others can feel them, too.
• Poems can rhyme, but they do not have to.

3.
Guidelines for reading Poetry:
In approaching a poem, you can ask the text some
simple questions which should help you to understand it
• What is the poem about?
• Who is the voice speaking in the poem?
• To whom is the poem addressed?
• How is the poem written?
• Why has the poem been written?

4.
2. Francisco Baltazar
1. Issa
3. William Shakespeare
4. Elizabeth Barrett Browning
The Life of Selected Famous Poet

5.
Elements of POETRY
1. Rhythm
2. Monorhyme
3. Stanza
4. Rhyme
5. Rhyme Scheme
6. Fibonacci
7. Imagery
8. Alliteration
9. Simile
10. Sonnets
11. Acrostic
12. Cinquain
13. Concrete
14. Coupletes
15. Diamonte
16. Limericks
17. Haiku
18. Tanka

6.
1. Rhythm
The music made by statements of the poem, which
includes the syllables in the lines.
Sonnet CXXX by William Shakespeare
“My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips' red:
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damask'd, red and white,
But no such roses see I in her cheeks;
And in some perfumes is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.
I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound:
I grant I never saw a goddess go,-
My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:
And yet, I think my love as rare
As any she belied in false compare.”

7.
2. Monorhyme
An identical rhyme on every line, common in Latin and
Arabic. "aaaaa..."
Example
A break from my career,
to visit a new frontier.
Where life is not severe,
and stress will disappear.
I'll become a pioneer,
a new found volunteer.
To help this old sphere,
make it's air all clear.
We will persevere,
for I'm the brigadier.
So as I tip my beer,
lets offer up a cheer.
Lets make this our year
where everyone will be sincere.

8.
3. Stanza
Defines as a smaller unit or group of lines or a
paragraph in a poem. A particular stanza has a specific meter
rhyme scheme, etc.
Based on the number of lines Stanzas are named as…
• Couplet (2 lines)
• Tercet (3 lines)
• Quantrain (4 lines)
• Cinquain (5 lines)
• Sestet (6 lines)
• Septet (7 lines)
• Octave (8 lines).
LINE in poetry describes a single line of words in a poem

9.
What are STANZAS?
A STANZAS is a group of lines in a poem. Most poems
have stanzas with 4 or more lines, though they can have
fewer than 4.
“Confession” by Bruce Lansky
I have a brief confession
That I would like to make.
If I don’t get it of my chest
I’m sure my heart will break.
I didn’t do my reading.
I watched TV instead—
while munching cookies, cakes,
and chips
And cinnamon raisin bread.
This poem has 2
stanzas, or
groups of lines.
Notice that the
stanzas help to
give the poem
more rhythm and
structure.

10.
4. Rhyme
A rhyming poem has the repetition of the same or
similar sounds of two or more words, often at the end of the
line.
“Jabberwocky” (First Two Stanzas) by Lewis Carroll
'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
"Beware the Jabberwock, my son!
The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!
Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun
The frumious Bandersnatch!"

11.
5. Rhyme Scheme
Defined as pattern of rhyme. Either the last words of
the first and second lines rhyme with each other, or the first
and third, second and the fourth and so on. It is denoted by
alphabets like…
aabb (first line rhyming with 2nd, 3rd with 4th);
abab (1st with 3rd, 2nd with 4th);
aaba (1st with 2nd,1st with 4th ).
Rhyme Scheme: aabb
Tiger, tiger burning bright - a
in the forest of the night - a
what immortal hand or eye - b
could frame thy fearful symmetry - b
Rhyme scheme: a-b-a-b
Let me not in the marriage of true minds - a
admit impediments love is not love - b
when it alters when it alteration finds - a
or bends with the remover to remove - b
Rhyme scheme: a-a-b-a
Whose woods these are I think I know - a
His house is in the village though - a
He will not see me stopping here - b
To watch his woods fill up with snow -a

12.
6. Fibonacci
The number of syllables in each line must equal the
sum of the syllables in the two previous lines. So, start with 0
and 1, add them together to get your next number, which is
also 1, 2 comes next, then add 2 and 1 to get 3, and so on.
Fibonnaci: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21... Poetry: 1 syllable, 1
syllable, 2 syllables, 3 syllables, 5 syllables, 8 syllables, 13
syllables, 21 syllables...

13.
Example of Fibonacci
I
like
to blog.
Frequently.
Theory matters.
Computer science (theory)
is my home and geometric algorithms are
sublime. Let P be a set of points in general position in the plane.
Amen.
My
brain
can find
such solace
in this simple verse
made of certain syllable words.

14.
7. Imagery
Is used by the poet for readers to create an image in
their imagination. Imagery appeal to all the five senses.
“Tropical Dream” by Bruce Lansky
After tossing and turning for what
must
Have been an hour or so,
I find myself lying on a tropical beach,
The waves gently licking the sand.
I gaze up at the sky and notice some
pelicans
Soaring and swooping, looking for
lunch.
As you read
these lines,
can you “see”
what is being
described?
This is the
purpose of
using
imagery.

15.
8. Alliteration
Is the repetition of the beginning consonant sounds
of words within a poem.
“Dewdrops Dancing Down Daisies”
by Paul Mc Cann
Don’t delay dawns
Disarming display
Dusk demands daylight.
Dewdrops dwell delicately
Drawing dazzling delight.
These words all
have the same
Beginning
sounds. Think of
this as a rhyme at
the start of a
word, rather than
the end.

16.
9. Simile
Is a comparison between two things, and uses the
words “like”, “as”.
Poets use simile to make you think of the things that they are
describing in a different way.
“Predictable” by Bruce Lansky
Poor as a church mouse.
strong as an ox,
Cute as a button,
Smart as a fox.
Thin as toothpick,
White as a ghost,
Fit as a fiddle,
dumb as a post.
This poem
uses
commonly
known
similes, or
“cliches”.

17.
10. Sonnets
Sonnets are fourteen-line lyric poems, traditionally
written in iambic pentameter - that is, in lines ten syllables
long, with accents falling on every second syllable
Sonnets XVIII: Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee
William Shakespeare

18.
11. ACROSTIC
In Acrostic poems, the first letters of each line are
aligned vertically to form a word. The word often is the
subject of the poem.
W
I
L
L
I
A
M
S
‘H
A
K
E
S
P
E
A
R
E
ill, your Dramas
know well, of
oves and loss you
oved to tell,
learnt from you of
nger dark, revenge and
ourning, witches’ hearts -
inging hunched, their cauldron guarded,
ubble bubble’,
ll applauded;
ings and queens
ven the ‘groundlings’,
hying at the Globe’s surroundings.
olonius’ speeches mocking,
dgar, 'Poor Tom’s', fate bemoaning,
nd to all the lovers watching
omeo, the star-crossed beau
nchanted us with songs of woe.

19.
12. Cinquain
Cinquain poems are five lines long with a certain
number of syllables or words in each. Cinquain poems do not
rhyme. There are many ways to write cinquain poems. Here
is an example of one cinquain pattern.
Example:
Line 1: Panther
Line 2: Sleek, graceful
Line 3: Running, hiding, emerging
Line 4: Happy to be free
Line 5: Cat

20.
13. Concrete Poetry
A concrete poem is one that takes the shape of the
object it describes. This is different from a Shape poem, in that
a Shape poem does NOT have to take the shape of the object it
describes
I
am
a very
special
shape I have
three points and
three lines straight.
Look through my words
and you will see, the shape
that I am meant to be. I'm just
not words caught in a tangle. Look
close to see a small triangle. My angles
add to one hundred and eighty degrees, you
learn this at school with your abc's. Practice your
maths and you will see, some other fine examples of me.

21.
14. Couplets
The couplet is the easiest of the verse forms. It
consists of two lines with an end rhyme.
Example:
“Trees” by J. Kilmer
I THINK that I shall never see (a)
A poem lovely as a tree. (a)
A tree whose hungry mouth is pest (b)
Against the sweet earth's flowing breast; (b)

22.
15. Diamonte
Diamonte poems are easy poems to write. You need to
think of a subject and its opposite and then follow the format
listed below:
Example:
Line 1: Winter
Rainy, cold
Skiing, skating, sledding
Mountains, wind, breeze, ocean
Swimming, surfing, scuba diving
Sunny, hot
Summer
1 NOUN-A
2 ADJECTIVES-A
3 GERUNDS-A (verb + -ing)
2 NOUNS-A + 2 NOUNS-B
3 GERUNDS-B (verb + -ing)
2 ADJECTIVES-B
1 NOUN-B
Line 2:
Line 3:
Line 4:
Line 5:
Line 6:
Line 7:

23.
15. Diamonte
Other Examples…

24.
16. Limericks
A limerick is a funny little poem containing five lines. The last
words of the first, second, and fifth lines rhyme with each other (A) and
the last words of the third and fourth lines rhyme with each other so the
pattern is AABBA.
Here is an example of a limerick:
1. There once was a girl named Cheryl (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
2. Who dreamed she was in great peril (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
3. She awoke wtth a fright B)
da da DUM da da DUM
4. When she discovered the sight (B)
da da DUM da da DUM
5. The “monster” was just a small squirrel. (A)
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM

25.
17. Haiku
A form of centuries old Japanese poetry that consists
of seventeen syllables and has nature as its subject or theme.
Haiku is very short and has a 5-7-5 syllable structure with 5
syllables in the first line, 7 syllables in the second line, and 5
syllables in the third line. With just a couple of words, haiku
poetry conveys emotion. It suggests that the reader look and
listen to the world.
Example of Haiku by Issa:
5-7-5
Everything I touch
with tenderness, alas,
pricks like a bramble.
5-5-7
As I lay and gaze
Blue skies and white clouds
Billowing high above me

26.
18. Tanka
Tanka is another form of Japanese poetry that consists
of 31 syllables (5-7-5-7-7). The themes for Tanka are love,
nature, seasons, and friendships.
Example of Tanka:
Wind
Wind blowing my face
Making my cheeks rosy red
It's biting my nose
And chilling through all my bones
It is pushing me along