Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus was first reported by Kulkarni in the year 1924. It was recorded at Bombay and Srilanka simultaneously. This disease is caused by a ss-DNA virus belongs tot the family Geminiviridae and belongs to the genus Begomovirus

1. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus
SARATH S
M.Sc., Agriculture
Genetics and Plant Breeding
SATHIYA ARAVINDAN V
M.Sc., Agriculture
Plant Pathology

2.  Bhendi or okra is one of the most commonly grown
veggies around the world especially in parts of Asia.
Especially in the north India it plays a vital role in diet.
 Bhendi is known to reduce the blood glucose level of the
individuals it regulates the cardio vascular health but
lowering the cholesterol levels. In India West Bengal
ranks 1st in the production and productivity of Bhendi.
 One of the major constraints of the bhendi growing
farmers is Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease. This Bhendi
yellow vein mosaic disease cause severe damage to the
crop plants and considerable yield losses and makes the
fruit unfit for marketability and for human consumption.
In India this disease was first reported in 1924 on Bombay

3. Inciting agent:
 Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease is caused by the virus Bhendi yellow
vein mosaic virus.
 This virus particles are mainly transmitted by the white fly Bemesia tabaci
in a persistent manner (these virus particles are carried by the whitefly in
its foregut and the vector can able to retain the virus particle for few weeks)
and the virus particles are injected into the plants through the stylet of the
whitefly
Geminivirus (Twin virus)
Whitefly

4. The virion:
 Simply the mature virus particles are called as Virion
 In general the Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus belongs to the
family Geminiviridae and it belongs to the genus Begomovirus
 The virus particle consists of ss-DNA
 They multiply by rolling circle replication
 The size of the Geminivirus is 5.2 Kb (They are composed of two
DNA particles DNA-A, DNA-B each having size 2.6Kb and hence the
name twin virus)

5. Disease symptoms:
 In plants the younger leaves are more prone to the disease than the older
one.
 As the name yellow vein indicates the entire leaf network becomes cleared
by the virus and the interveinal area becomes completely white or yellow.
 The plant are highly stunted and the fruit becomes adversely affected by
the virus becomes pale in colour, shriveled and shrinkened.
 The infection suppress the flowering and the infected fruits are quite hard
this may be due high lignin deposition.
Vein cleared leaves Virus infected fruits

6. Disease management:
 Growing the resistant cultivars such as
Arka Anamika, Arka Abhay, Parbhani
kranti
 Avoid growing the susceptible cultivars
during the peak summer hours as this
creates the conducive environmental
conditions for the whitefly as a result
the fecundity rate and population of the
whitefly (vector) increases
 High seed rate should be adopted
during planting.
 The infected plants are rouged out from
the field and is replaced by the healthy
ones that’s why high seed rate should
be adopted
 Systemic insecticides such as
Cypermethrine, Deltamethrine,
Triazophos are known to effectively
control the insect vector