1. WATER AND SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
PRESENTED BY P.SAISUJAN,13241A0183
RAVITEJA ,13241A01A6
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

2. WATER AND SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT

3. FUNCTIONS OF WATER
• WATER IS CRITICAL FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, HEALTHY
ECOSYSTEMS AND FOR HUMAN SURVIVAL ITSELF. IT IS FOR REDUCING
THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE AND IMPROVING THE HEALTH,
WELFARE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF POPULATIONS. IT IS CENTRAL TO THE
PRODUCTION AND PRESERVATION OF A HOST OF BENEFITS AND
SERVICES FOR PEOPLE. WATER IS ALSO AT THE HEART OF ADAPTATION
TO CLIMATE CHANGE, SERVING AS THE CRUCIAL LINK BETWEEN THE
CLIMATE SYSTEM, HUMAN SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT.
• WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE ARE ESSENTIAL FOR HEALTH,
WELFARE AND LIVELIHOODS. INCREASED ACCESS TO WATER AND
SANITATION AND BETTER SERVICES LEAD TO DISEASE PREVENTION,
IMPROVED EDUCATION OUTCOMES AND IMPROVED ECONOMIC

4. WATER: A KEY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS THE DEVELOPMENT TO FULFIL THE
NEEDS OF PRESENT GENERATION WITHOUT COMPROMISING TO SERVE
TO FUTURE GENERATION .WE SHOULDN’T EXPECT SUSTAINABILITY IN
ONE FIELD WITHOUT CONSIDERING THE ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
• SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN WATER RESOURCES MUST BE
CONSIDERED .THOUGH THEY ARE RENEWABLE RESOURCES IF THE
USAGE OF RESOURCES IS MORE THAN RENEWABILITY THERE COMES
THE UNCERTAINTY ,WHICH EFFECTS THE ENVIRONMENTAL ECO-SYSTEM

5. WATER: A KEY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

6. NECESSITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER
RESOURCES
• IN UNCERTAIN TIMES WHERE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER
RESOURCES ARE ALARMING, AND THE WORLD FACING AN EXPONENTIAL
POPULATION GROWTH, WATER CHALLENGES CANNOT BE NEGLECTED.
HUMAN USE AND POLLUTION OF FRESHWATER RESOURCES HAVE
REACHED A LEVEL WHERE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES
IS THREATENED AND THE RESULTING WATER SCARCITY AND WATER
QUALITY DEGRADATION WILL POTENTIALLY LIMIT FOOD PRODUCTION,
REDUCE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS, AND HINDER ECONOMIC GROWTH.
• PRESSURES ON WATER RESOURCES HAVE INCREASED DRAMATICALLY
OVER THE PAST DECADES DUE TO RAPID DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH,
URBANIZATION, HIGHER CONSUMPTION LEVELS AND CLIMATE CHANGE.

7. NECESSITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER
RESOURCES
• IF YOU CONTINUE WASTING WATER AND POLLUTING FRESHWATER
THAT WE HAVE TODAY, WE LEAVE FUTURE GENERATIONS WITH NO
OTHER CHOICE THAN TO DESALINATE SALTWATER OR TREAT
CONTAMINATED WATER FOR THEIR CONSUMPTION AND DAILY USE. WE
CAN ALSO BE ASSURED THAT, IF THAT HAPPENS, ALL LIFE THAT
DEPENDS ON CLEAN FRESHWATER WILL BECOME EXTINCT.

8. HOW WE CAN ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT IN WATER RESOURCES ??

9. GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
ON WATER
• GOAL 1: ACHIEVE, BY 2030, UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING
WATER AND SANITATION FOR ALL.
• GOAL 2: BY 2030, REDUCE THE WATER USE IN AGRICULTURAL
IRRIGATION BY 20%, INDUSTRIAL WATER USE BY 20%, AND DOMESTIC
WATER USE BY 15% AND INCREASE WATER PRODUCTIVITY BY 50% IN
ALL SECTORS, BY ADOPTING THE WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT
APPROACH, LESS WATER DEMANDING CROPS, WATER SAVING
TECHNOLOGIES AND INCREASING SAFE REUSE OF WASTEWATER.
• GOAL 3: BY 2030, INCREASE BY 50% THE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES
THAT HAVE ADOPTED AND IMPLEMENTED POLICIES AND
PROGRAMMES FOR THE PUBLIC REGISTRATION OF WATER RIGHTS

10. GOAL 1

11. ACHIEVE, BY 2030, UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO SAFE
DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION FOR ALL
89% OF THE GLOBAL POPULATION HAD ACCESS IN 2012, RESULTING IN AN
INCREASE OF ABOUT 2.3 BILLION PEOPLE HAVING ACCESS TO IMPROVED
WATER SOURCES .748 MILLION PEOPLE STILL LACK ACCESS TO AN
IMPROVED DRINKING WATER SOURCE. COVERAGE OF IMPROVED
SANITATION INCREASED FROM 49% IN 1990 TO 64% IN 2012. IF CURRENT
TRENDS CONTINUE, THE WORLD IS UNLIKELY TO REACH THE MDG TARGET
TO REACH SANITATION COVERAGE OF 75% BY 2015.
CONSEQUENTLY, EFFORTS IN IMPROVING ACCESS TO SANITATION AND
SAFE DRINKING WATER SHOULD CONTINUE AFTER 2015 IN ORDER TO
OBTAIN A UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION

12. GOAL 2

13. BY 2030, REDUCE THE WATER USE IN AGRICULTURAL
IRRIGATION BY 20%, INDUSTRIAL WATER USE BY 20%, AND
DOMESTIC WATER USE BY 15% AND INCREASE WATER
PRODUCTIVITY BY 50% IN ALL SECTORS,
THE GROWING AVAILABILITY OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND
TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS IN THE WATER SECTOR HAS A LOT
OF POTENTIAL FOR WATER SAVING MEASUREMENTS. WATER
SUPPLIES ARE BEING ENHANCED IN MANY COUNTRIES THROUGH
INNOVATIVE WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND REUSE TECHNIQUES.
INDUSTRIES CAN REDUCE WATER USE BY INVESTING IN NEW
TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES. DOMESTIC WATER USE IN
HOUSEHOLDS CAN BE SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED BY WATER
REDUCING TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS LOW-FLUSH TOILETS, LOW-FLOW

14. BY 2030, REDUCE THE WATER USE IN AGRICULTURAL
IRRIGATION BY 20%, INDUSTRIAL WATER USE BY 20%, AND
DOMESTIC WATER USE BY 15% AND INCREASE WATER
PRODUCTIVITY BY 50% IN ALL SECTORS,
AGRICULTURE ACCOUNTS FOR 70% OF ALL WATER WITHDRAWN, WHEREAS
WATER USE IN HOUSEHOLDS AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IS 12% AND 18%,
RESPECTIVELY .
SOLUTION :
IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, WATER SAVING INNOVATIONS LIKE LESS-
WATER DEMANDING CROPS AND DRIP IRRIGATION ARE ADOPTED IN MANY
COUNTRIES. HENCE, IMPROVING THE WATER-USE EFFICIENCY THROUGH
THE APPROACH OF WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND INCREASING
WATER PRODUCTIVITY IN ALL SECTORS SHOULD BE AN IMPORTANT ASPECT
.

15. BY 2030, REDUCE THE WATER USE IN AGRICULTURAL
IRRIGATION BY 20%, INDUSTRIAL WATER USE BY 20%, AND
DOMESTIC WATER USE BY 15% AND INCREASE WATER
PRODUCTIVITY BY 50% IN ALL SECTORS,
ONE OF THE TECHNIQUES TO USE WATER EFFECTIVELY IN IRRIGATION FIELD

16. GOAL 3

17. BY 2030, INCREASE BY 50% THE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES
THAT HAVE ADOPTED AND IMPLEMENTED POLICIES AND
PROGRAMMES FOR THE PUBLIC REGISTRATION OF WATER
RIGHTS BASED ON THE IWRM APPROACH
THIS TARGET FOCUSES ON THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATING INTEGRATED
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IWRM) IN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANS .
IWRM IS A PROCESS WHICH PROMOTES THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT
AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER, LAND AND RELATED RESOURCES IN ORDER
TO MAXIMISE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL WELFARE IN AN EQUITABLE MANNER
WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF VITAL ECOSYSTEMS
WATER RIGHT REFERS TO THE RIGHT OF A USER TO USE WATER FROM A
CERTAIN WATER SOURCE, AND THEREBY IT CAN PROVIDE AN INSIGHT TO
THE DEGREE OF SUSTAINABILITY IN WHICH WATER RESOURCES ARE
MANAGED IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS

18. GOAL 4

19. BY 2030, REDUCE WATER POLLUTION FROM MAIN SOURCES
BY 30% AT THE COUNTRY LEVEL
THIS TARGET AIMS TO REDUCE FRESHWATER POLLUTION BY HUMAN
ACTIVITIES BY REDUCING THE EMISSIONS AT THE SOURCE OF THE
DISCHARGE. DESPITE RECOGNITION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF WASTEWATER
TREATMENT, EVERY DAY 2 MILLION TONS OF HUMAN WASTE ARE DISPOSED
OF IN WATER BODIES GLOBALLY
THE SAFE RE-USE OF WASTEWATER FOR PRODUCTIVE PURPOSES SHOULD
BE PROMOTED IN ORDER TO PREVENT PUBLIC HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION RISKS, WHILE PROVIDING ALTERNATIVE WATER
RESOURCES FOR PRODUCTIVE USES SUCH AS AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION.
EMPHASIS SHOULD BE PUT IN PREVENTING WATER POLLUTION BY

20. NATIONAL MISSION FOR CLEAN GANGA
WHEN WE TALK ABOUT SUSTAINABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES WE MUST
TALK ABOUT RESTORATION OF INDIA'S MOST REVERED RIVER THE
GANGES ,THE ONLY RIVER IN INDIA WHICH SUPPORTS OVER 400MILLION
PEOPLE .
BUT LARGE STRETCHES OF THE RIVER ARE EXTREMELY POLLUTED, WITH
HUGE VOLUMES OF UNTREATED INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT AND TOILET WASTE
FLOWING INTO IT. DEMANDS FOR WATER FROM BOOMING CITIES, ENERGY
AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS, AND AGRICULTURE ARE ALSO REDUCING THE
VOLUME OF WATER IN THE RIVER. THIS CONTRIBUTES TO THE INCREASING
CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE WATER THAT HARM THE

21. WHAT KIND OF WORK IS SUGGESTED FOR
CLEAN GANGA MISSION ??

22. WHAT KIND OF WORK IS SUGGESTED FOR
CLEAN GANGA MISSION ??
1 . TREATING WASTEWATER VIA GREEN FILTERS :
DIVERTING WASTEWATER ONTO SPECIALLY CREATED WETLANDS
AND LETTING THE NATURAL PROCESS OF FILTRATION AND
ABSORPTION REMOVE POLLUTANTS
2 . USE LARGE AREAS OF SAND TO FILTER THE WATER BEFORE IT
REACHES THE RIVER

23. WHAT KIND OF WORK IS SUGGESTED FOR
CLEAN GANGA MISSION ??
WE SHOULD FOCUS ON WAYS TO MANAGE WITHDRAWALS OF WATER FROM
THE RIVER FOR DIFFERENT USES, FOR EXAMPLE, INDUSTRIAL AND
AGRICULTURAL. WE MUST ESTIMATE THE AMOUNT OF WATER THAT CAN BE
TAKEN WITHOUT ADVERSELY AFFECTING OTHER USERS AND THE
ENVIRONMENTAL ECO-SYSTEMS

24. AGREEMENT BETWEEN IWMI AND THE NMCG – AN
IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY OF INDIA’S NATIONAL GANGA
RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY – ESTABLISHES THE FOLLOWING
AREAS OF COLLABORATION
THEY FOCUS ON 1. ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS
2. RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REUSE
3. FLOOD MANAGEMENT
4. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
5. INSTITUTION AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
6. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IMPROVEMENT
7. SURFACE WATER RESOURCE AND AQUIFER MANAGEMENT
8. WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT

25. OTHERS METHODS WE CAN IMPLEMENT FOR SUSTAINABILITY
OF WATER RESOURCES
CONSERVATION OF WATER
RAIN WATER HARVESTING
WASTE WATER TREATMENT
GROUND WATER RECHARGE

26. THANK YOU