A fuel cell of future generation

1. A F U E L O F N E X T G E N E R A T I O N … . .
Presented by-
I.Saiseshu Reddy
(15311A04M0)

2. CONTENTS:
 HISTORY
 PRESENT
 BIO BATTERY
 INTRODUCTION
 PRINCIPLE OF BIO BATTERY
 MECHANISM OF BIO
BATTERY
 GLUCOSE
 WORKING OF BIO BATTERY
 NEED OF BIO BATTERY
 TYPES OF BIO BATTERY
 BIO BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
DEMONSTRATION
 APPLICATIONS
 NEXT GENERATION
PROTOTYPE
 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
 FUTURE SCOPE
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE

3. HISTORY :
Bacteria that produces electricity
• The first enzyme-based bio-fuel cell was
reported only in 1964 using glucose
oxidize ( ) as the anodic catalyst and
glucose as the bio-fuel.
• Even though the Bio fuel cells have
been known for almost a century since
the first microbial BFC(Bio fuel cells)
was demonstrated in 1912.
• biological processes can be used to
generate electricity for powering
electrical equipment.

4. PRESENT :
• Besides bio fuel energies ,Presently we are
using many types of energies.
• Namely wind energy , solar energies , thermal
energies.
• In different technologies we use diff types of
batteries namely Lithium cadmium battery,
Nickel battery etc.
• Though we have many types of Batteries “BIO
BATTERY” has many advantages over other
and is also 100% eco friendly.

5. NOW WE PRESENT A
NEW ERA OF ENERGY
GENERATION….BIO
BATTERY

6. A bio-battery is an energy
storage device that is powered by
organic compounds usually being
glucose such as glucose in
human blood.
BIO BATTERY

7. INTRODUCTION
• Bio-Battery generates electricity from renewable fuels (glucose,
sucrose, fructose, etc ) providing a sustained, on-demand portable
power source.
• When enzymes in our bodies break down glucose, several
electrons and protons are released.
• Therefore, by using enzymes to breakdown glucose, bio-batteries
directly receive energy from glucose.
• These batteries then store this energy for later use.
• Bio battery use biocatalyst, either biomolecules such as enzymes or
even whole living organism to catalyze oxidation of bio mass-based
materials for generating electrical energy.

8. • A Bio-Battery battery consists of two different
metals suspended in an acidic solution.
• They contain an anode, cathode, separator
and electrolyte, which are the basic
components to any cell battery.
• Each component is layered on top of another
component. Anodes and cathodes are the
negative and positive areas on a battery.
• The anode is located at the top of the battery
and the cathode is located at the bottom of the
battery.
• Anodes are components that allow electrons to
flow in from outside the battery, whereas
cathodes are devices that allow current to flow
out from the battery.
PRINCIPLE OF BIO BATTERY

9. MECHANISM OF BIO BATTERY

10. • Bio batteries are heavily based on the
amount of glucose available.
• This glucose (sugar) can be provided from
nearly anything, including soda, waste
materials or the glucose in living
organisms.
• The decomposition of materials to glucose
is the main step in getting the cycle started.
• Once glucose is present, oxygen and other
enzymes can act on it to further produce
protons and electrons.
GLUCOSE:

11. WORKING OF BIO BATTERY :
• Glucose is broken down on the
anode side of the battery
producing protons (H+) and
electrons (e-).
• The protons (H+)are transferred
to the cathode side through the
separator, while the electrons (e-)
are transported to the cathode
side through the mediator, which
transfers them to the external
circuit.

12. • The cathode uses the enzymes to
drive oxygen-reduction reaction
which ultimately produces water
using both the protons (H+) and
the electrons (e-) transferred from
the anode.
• These reactions at the anode and
cathode generate electric energy
by creating proton (H+) and
electron (e-) flow in the cell
system.
• Glucose → Gluconolacton+2H+ + 2e−

13. • Between the anode and the cathode
lies the electrolyte which contains a
separator.
• The main function of the separator is to
keep the cathode and anode separated,
to avoid electrical short circuits.
• This system as a whole allows for a
flow of protons(H+) and electrons (e-)
which ultimately generate electricity.
• The movement of protons has a moving
force that pushes, this movement is
called current. When this moving force
(current) is measured.

14. NEED OF BIO-BATTERY
• An electricity shortage is felt most by those who depend on electricity for
heating, cooking, and water supply.
• In these circumstances, a sustained energy crisis may become a humanitarian
crisis.
• As it is known that the energy conservation is the major issue these times so the
bio-battery is one of the energy conservation method.
• It can save a lot of power and it is also energy efficient phenomenon.
• Bio-Battery is a renewable energy source which is again the major requirement
of current energy system.

15. TYPES OF BIO BATTERY

16. BIO-BATTERY: CLEAN, SAFE, HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY ,SOURCE
PRODUCT
B A C K G R O U N D :
B IO - B AT T E RY
G E N E R AT E S
E L E C T R IC IT Y
F R O M R E N E WA B L E
F U E L S
(G L U C O S E ,
S U C R O S E ,
F R U C TO S E , E T C )
P R O V ID IN G A
S U S TA IN E D , O N -
D E M A N D
P O RTA B L E P O W E R
S O U R C E .

17. BIO-BATTERY:
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
Five Bio-Batteries stacked in
series to run microprocessor
+ LCD display.
• Open Circuit Voltage
>3.5V
• Short Circuit
current>100mA
• Under Operation: V ~2.0V,
I>0.5mA, Power 1mW
5mL of glucose fuel is
sufficient to run demo for
>100 hours.

18. APPLICATIONS:
• Medical implants like
pace makers,insulin
pumps
• Disaster relief
• Replacing batteries in
toys and greeting cards
• Portable charging in cell
phones
• Bio battery music
playback with memory
type walkman

19. • Sony successfully demonstrated bio
battery powered music playback with a
memory type Walkman and passive
speakers (which operate on power
supplied by the Walkman) by connecting
four bio battery units in series.
• The case of this bio battery, which is
made from an organic plastic
(polylactate), is designed to be
reminiscent of a living cell.

20. NEXT GENERATION PROTOTYPE
• Designed and
fabricated using bipolar
plates with optimized
surface area to volume
ratio.
• Improved design and
performance leads to
50X higher volumetric
power density over
existing prototype.

21. ADVANTAGES:
 Instant recharge
 Eco friendly
 Raw materials available easily & plenty
 Portable & light weight compared to fuel cell.
 Provide a better employment scope for rural areas.
 readily available fuel source.

22. TEMPERATURE
STABILITY
• Plot of maximum
current (at 10-ohms)
versus time for Bio-
Battery prototype after
various storage
conditions.
• Shows robust,
repeatable, and reliable
performance and stable
operation from -30°C to
+55°C for >6 months.

23. DISADVANTAGES:
 Compared to conventional batteries, such as
lithium batteries, bio-batteries are less likely to
retain most of their energy.
 This causes a problem when it comes to long term
usage and storage of energy for these batteries.
 However, researchers are continuing to develop the
battery in order to make it a more practical
replacement for current batteries and sources of
energy.

24. FUTURE SCOPE
 Bio-batteries have a very bright future ahead of them as test
productions and research have been increasing over recent
years.
 They serve as a new form of energy that is proving to be
environmentally friendly, as well as successful, in producing
and reserving energy.
 Although the batteries are still being tested before being
commercially sold, several research teams and engineers are
working to further advance the development of these
batteries.

25. WE CAN imagine using a
bottle of Coke to recharge
batteries in the future
although we would still
prefer solar Powered
chargers as you can't really
find a bottle of Coke
everywhere, but the sun is
there always

26. CONCLUSION
 The Bio batteries are High performing, stable.
 Even so, Bio battery the small, flexible, long lasting and
environmentally friendly battery technologies discussed
here show the great possibilities researchers see in bio-
batteries, especially for the field of medicine.
 This causes a problem when it comes to long term usage
and storage of energy for these batteries. However,
researchers are continuing to develop the battery in order to
make it a more practical replacement for current batteries
and sources of energy.

27. REFERENCES:
 Kannan, Renugopalakrishnan, Filipek, Audette, Li,
Munukutla. "Bio-Batteries and Bio-Fuel Cells: Leveraging on
Electronic Charge Transfer Proteins“.
 "Sony's bio battery turns waste paper into electricity.
 "Enzymatic Hydrolysis". Biology-Online.org.

28. THANKS TO ALL….
TO SEE THE FUTURE OF
ENERGY…..

29. QUERIES??