4. Communication:
The word ‘Communication’ comes from the
Latin word commūnicāre, meaning ‘to
share’.
The imparting or exchanging of information
by speaking, writing or using some other
medium and means of sending or receiving
information.
Communication means sharing meaning.
With no sharing, there is no communication.
6. Sender: The person who intends to convey the message with the intention of passing information and ideas
to others is known as sender or communicator.
Encoding: Since the subject matter of communication is theoretical and intangible, its further passing
requires use of certain symbols such as words, actions or pictures etc. Conversion of subject matter into
these symbols is the process of encoding.
Message: This is the subject matter of the communication. This may be an opinion, attitude, feelings,
views, orders, or suggestions.
Communication Channel: The person who is interested in communicating has to choose the channel for
sending the required information, ideas etc. This information is transmitted to the receiver through certain
channels which may be either formal or informal.
Receiver: Receiver is the person who receives the message or for whom the message is meant for. It is the
receiver who tries to understand the message in the best possible manner in achieving the desired
objectives.
Decoding: The person who receives the message or symbol from the communicator tries to convert the
same in such a way so that he may extract its meaning to his complete understanding.
Feedback: Feedback is the process of ensuring that the receiver has received the message and understood
in the same sense as sender meant it.
7. Meaning and importance of Feedback in
a communication
Feedback is the final component and one of the important factors in the
process of communication.
It is defined as the response given by the receiver to the sender. The sender
needs response of the receiver in order to decide effectiveness of
communication.
Feedback can be negative or positive.
Feedback plays an important part in communication because it tells both the
source and the receiver, how their messages are being interpreted.
10. Verbal communication
Verbal communication is the sharing of
information by using words. It includes
both spoken and written communication.
The important forms of verbal
communication are –
Oral or Spoken (Communication
which involves talking)
Written (Communication which
involves written or typed words.)
11. Non-verbal communication
Non-verbal communication is the message we send to others without
using any words.
We send signals and messages to others, through expressions,
gestures and body postures.
Note : - In our day-to-day communication, it is observed that most
of the communication is done using body movements (face, arms,
movements, etc.) and voice control (voice, tone, pauses, etc.).
12.
13. Effective communication
Effective communication can happen
if we follow the basic principles of
professional communication skills.
These can be abbreviated as 7 Cs,
i.e., Clear, Concise, Concrete,
Correct, Coherent, Complete and
Courteous.
14. 7 Cs of Communication
The 7Cs of Communication provide
a checklist for making sure that your
meetings, emails, conference calls,
reports, and presentations are well
constructed and clear – so your
audience gets your message.
15. 1. Be Clear
Begin every message by asking the question,
“What is the purpose of this
communication?” This will enable you to
make the objective of your communication
clear to the recipient.
Clarity is also about avoiding the use of
complex words, sentences, and fuzzy
language. It is important that you clearly
communicate the intended information to
the recipient.
16. 2. Be Concise
Make your message brief and to the
point. To make your communications
more concise, avoid going over the
same point several times, and avoid
the use of filler words, sentences,
and over wordy expressions.
17. 3. Be Concrete
Concrete communication is about
being specific and clear rather than
vague, obscure, and general. To be
more concrete use sentences that
cannot be misinterpreted. Include
supporting facts and figures to
underscore your message.
18. 4. Be Correct
Incorrect information doesn’t help anyone and it does your credibility no good.
Ensure that your facts and figures are correct and you are using the right level of
language.
Being correct you save your time and boost your credibility. A correct message
will also have a greater impact on the recipient than an incorrect one.
19. 5. Be Coherent
Does your message make sense? Does it
flow logically from one sentence to the
next? To ensure that your communication
is coherent: Check that each sentence
flows logically from one to the next.
20. 6. Be Complete
Your message must contain all the
necessary information to achieve the
desired response. To ensure that your
message is complete think about questions
the receiver might think of as they receive
your message. Address these questions.
Ensure you have included a call to action
so that your audience knows exactly what
you expect them to do next.
21. 7. Be Courteous
Be polite. You are more likely to get what
you want from your communication if you
are courteous, as courtesy builds goodwill.
Check that your message is polite, shows
respect for the feelings of the receiver,
and is tactful. Make your message brief
and to the point.
24. Physical Barriers
Physical barriers separate people from
each other and mark territories.
These barriers can often be seen in the
workplace where offices and closed
doors stop communication.
Physical barriers can stop you from
being comfortable communicating with
a person whom you do not come face to
face with often.
25. Language Barriers
Not using words another can
understand will certainly stop your
message from being conveyed. If one
is not familiar with your language,
misinterpretation will occur.
For example, the abbreviation “LOL”
used in chat language used to mean
Lots of Love before, which changed to
Laugh Out Loud.
26. Gender Barriers
Variation exists among masculine and
feminine styles of communication.
While women often emphasize politeness,
empathy, and rapport building, male
communication is often more direct.
27. Attitudinal Barriers
Those behaviors or perceptions that
are divisive in nature – the ones that
can lead to nagging doubt, sullen
disagreement or even overt conflict.
These are barriers that distance one
from others.
28. Perceptual Barriers
Different world views can create
misunderstanding. People tend to
interpret messages from their own
point of view or ideologies.
Without thinking, one might only view a
message from his or her own mindset
rather than looking at it from another
viewpoint.
29. Emotional Barriers
If one is consumed with emotion, he will
have difficulty in understanding what is
communicated. Hostility, anger, fear, and
other emotions make it hard to hear
outside one’s own self.
Note :- Overcoming these barriers to
communication is not easy task. You need
awareness and a willingness to adapt and
try to form meaningful relationships.
30. Cultural Barriers
Ethnic, religious, and social differences can
often create misunderstandings when
trying to communicate.
These differences can also affect one’s
perception and create confusion in getting
a message.
31. Activity to be practiced at Home:
Blindfold Game
• In this game break off everyone into teams of two.
• One member is blindfolded and navigates an object (Chair, Person
etc.) The other member shouts directions to the other member.
Blindfold Game works because it builds trust, listening, and instructional skills.
Trust among team-members is crucial for effective communication.
It encourages cooperation and successful teamwork.
